50 coal miners' safety knowledge

The safety attitude of coal miners is of great significance to prevent coal mine accidents. How much do you know about the safety knowledge of coal miners? The following are 50 pieces of safety knowledge about coal miners that I have compiled for your reference and understanding. I hope you like it!

50 coal miners' safety knowledge

First, enter the well.

1. Coal mine is a high-risk industry. Eat well, sleep well and rest well before entering the well. Never drink alcohol to keep energetic.

2, open flame and static electricity will lead to gas explosion and fire, can't wear chemical fiber clothes and carry cigarettes and ignition items under the well.

3. Before entering the well, you should wear miner's lamp, safety helmet and self-rescuer, and you can't work under the well without proper equipment or equipment.

4. When carrying sharp tools, please cover the sheath to prevent injury.

5. Through the pre-shift meeting, you can understand the safety production situation in the workplace, make clear the safety precautions, master the preventive measures and ensure the safety of the work, so you should attend the pre-shift meeting on time.

6, consciously abide by the "into the well physical examination system", obey the command, queue up into the well, accept the medical examination.

Second, ride and walk safely.

7, up and down the well by tank, by car, by belt to obey the command, can't play, rob to step on.

8, according to the quota by tank, bus, and close the cage door, car door, hang up the protective chain. You can't ride a motorcycle or ride between two cars.

9. It is very dangerous to mix people and goods. Don't bring cages, harvesters and belts with materials.

10. It is forbidden to get up and down when the traffic signal has been sent out and the cage, people and cars have not stopped.

1 1. When transporting initiating explosive devices, you must obey the arrangement of management personnel, and do not take tanks or buses with people who are on duty and off duty at the same time.

12. When driving in tanks, cars and belts, you can't lie down and doze off in tanks and cars, and you can't put your head, hands, feet and tools out of the cage and the car; You can't lie on your back, doze off, stand or walk on your belt, nor can you use the walking belt to help you.

13. Don't touch the sheave when riding the "monkey car" (endless rope winch), so as to get on and off steadily.

14. When walking in the roadway, walk on the sidewalk, don't walk in the middle of the track, don't cross the electric locomotive track and winch track at will, and pay attention to avoid colliding with others and touching overhead lines when carrying long tools. When the vehicle approaches, immediately enter the refuge chamber for temporary refuge.

15, "one stop, two look, three pass" when crossing alleys, bends and intersections; No one passes through the bottom of vertical shaft and inclined shaft; When walking on the ramp which is also a pedestrian, don't walk with the vehicle according to the regulation of "pedestrians don't drive, people don't drive".

16. It is very dangerous to nail fences and hang danger warning signs, and it is not allowed to enter without authorization; Blasting often hurts people, so it is forbidden to forcibly enter the blasting warning zone through the blasting warning line.

17. It is forbidden to pick cars, jump cars and take harvesters, and it is forbidden to walk on the scraper conveyor; In the roadway of belt conveyor, it is not allowed to drill through or cross the conveyor belt.

Third, disaster prevention.

18. gas is a colorless, odorless and odorless gas released during coal mining, which has four major hazards: first, it can burn and cause mine fires; Second, it will explode, leading to the destruction and death of mines; Third, when the concentration is too high, it will lead to hypoxia, suffocation and even death; four

Coal (rock) and gas outburst will occur, destroy and block the roadway, and even cause suffocation and gas explosion.

19. Gas accidents can be prevented. As long as the "Coal Mine Safety Regulations" and relevant rules and regulations are conscientiously implemented to prevent gas accumulation and fire sources, gas accidents can be prevented.

20. Monitoring is an important measure to effectively prevent gas accumulation. Attention should be paid to monitoring equipment; It is not allowed to raise the alarm value of the monitoring probe, destroy the gas monitoring probe or block the gas monitoring probe with mud, pulverized coal and other items without authorization because the monitoring system alarm and power failure affect production.

2 1. Underground ventilation facilities such as air duct, air door, wind bridge and wind deflector are the most important infrastructure to provide fresh air for miners and prevent gas accumulation and gas accidents. Once these ventilation facilities are destroyed, the airflow may be disordered, leading to gas accidents and heavy casualties; Therefore, first, we should consciously care for underground ventilation facilities; Second, when passing through the air door, we should close it immediately, instead of opening two air doors at the same time, so as not to cause short circuit of air flow.

When the ventilation facilities are found to be damaged, abnormal working or insufficient air volume, they should be reported and repaired in time.

22. Tunneling face is one of the most prone places to gas accumulation and gas accidents. Ensuring the normal operation of local ventilator can effectively prevent gas accidents. Local ventilators are usually managed by special personnel, and others are not allowed to stop using them at will.

23. In the case of gas overrun, the working face still insists on production operation, which can easily cause serious casualties. Various rules and regulations stipulate that gas exceeding the standard is strictly prohibited:

When the gas concentration in the return air lane of the mining area and the return air lane of the coal mining face exceeds 65438 0% or the carbon dioxide exceeds 65438 0.5%, the operation must be stopped and the overrun area must be evacuated.

When the gas concentration reaches 65438+/-0.5% in the airflow of the coal mining face and other working places or within 20 meters near the installation site of the motor or its switch, it is also necessary to stop working and withdraw from the overrun area.

24. The sparks generated by miner's lamps and mechanical and electrical equipment will cause gas explosion and mine fire, causing heavy casualties. Therefore, the miner's lamp can't be disassembled, knocked and hit at will, and the electrical equipment is not allowed to be overhauled or moved with electricity, let alone the Ming Dow switch.

25. Gas explosions caused by smoking happen from time to time. In order to ensure the personal safety of all miners underground, it is forbidden to smoke and use ignition items such as matches and lighters underground.

26. When one or more of the following signs appear, coal and gas outburst may occur. Therefore, when the following signs are observed, the operation must be stopped immediately, evacuated from the operation site, and reported to the relevant departments.

Silent signs: the pressure on the roof of the working face increases, the coal wall is squeezed out, the spall falls off, the roof sinks or the floor rises, the bedding of the coal seam is disordered, the coal body is dull, the coal quality becomes soft, the coal wall shines, the gas in the airflow of the working face is large and small, and there are phenomena such as jacking, sticking and gas spraying when drilling.

Audible signals: Cracking sound, muffled thunder sound, machine gun sound and coal gun sound are emitted from the coal seam. The sound is from far to near, from small to large, with short and continuous intervals. The coal wall vibrates or impacts, the roof becomes heavier, and the support cracks.

27. Coal dust in some coal mines is explosive. Once coal dust explosion happens, it will cause mine damage and death, and the consequences are very serious; But as long as we seriously implement the "coal mine safety regulations"

And effective implementation of coal seam water injection, wet drilling, using water gun mud, spraying water, washing roadway side and other comprehensive dust prevention measures, coal dust explosion can be completely prevented. Take good care of dust-proof facilities and equipment when working underground, and do not disassemble or damage them at will.

28. Roof accidents are the most common and prone accidents, and attention should be paid to prevention. When one or more of the following signs appear, measures should be taken in time to prevent them: noise from roofs and supports; Slag falling from the roof; Coal wall spalling; Cracks appear in the roof; Roof layering; Direct roof leakage, etc.

29. The following methods can be used to observe whether roof caving will occur:

The first thing is to knock on the door and ask for help. That is, tapping the roof with a steel drill or pickaxe, the sound is crisp and loud, indicating that the roof is intact; The sound of "empty" or "buzzing" indicates that the roof rock has been separated from the strata and is in danger of collapse, so measures should be taken to remove the separated rock blocks.

The second is to smash the wooden wedge. That is, drive a small wedge into a crack in the roof. If the wedge is found to be loose or loose after a period of time, it means that the crack is expanding and the roof is in danger of roof caving, and measures should be taken to deal with it.

The third is vibration observation. That is, one hand holds the roof and the other hand knocks on the roof with a chisel or pick. If the roof vibrates, even if the cracking sound is not heard, it means that the existing roof rocks are in danger of falling, so it should be prevented in time.

30. The consequences of underground fire are very serious, which will cause heavy casualties and property losses, and also cause gas and coal dust explosions, further expanding the disaster. We should pay great attention to the prevention of mine fires: first, don't use light bulbs to keep warm underground and use electric stoves and open flames; Second, it is not allowed to engage in electric and gas welding operations without approval; Third, you can't spill the remaining oil and waste oil at will, and you can't throw away flammable items such as used cotton yarn, cloth head and paper at will.

3 1. The initial stage of fire is the best time to put out the fire, so you should actively learn to use fire-fighting equipment and master fire-fighting knowledge. When there is a fire, if the fire is not big, you can directly organize people around you to put out the fire; If the fire range is large or the fire is too strong, the on-site personnel can't rescue and their own safety is threatened, they should wear self-rescuer to evacuate the disaster area quickly or act according to the instructions of the leaders.

32. Mine flood accident is one of the five major natural disasters in coal mines, and it also causes heavy casualties. When one or more of the following signs are observed, the operation must be stopped, the situation must be ascertained, and the situation should be reported to the leader or the dispatching room immediately, and the area threatened by water disaster should be evacuated: wet working face, dripping water from the roof, rock swelling, floor heave, ground pressure increase, roof caving, support deformation and water crying.

33. Accidents often occur in water exploration operations. When exploring water, the adit must be opened in advance, the support must be strengthened, the contact signal and disaster avoidance route should be specified, and the gas should be checked regularly. When encountering abnormal conditions during drilling, do not move or pull out the drill pipe easily or release water without authorization, and report to the leader or dispatching room in time. In case of emergency, evacuate immediately.

34. Explosives will produce explosion flame in the process of explosion, and improper preventive measures will cause gas explosion, and gas accidents caused by blasting operations occur from time to time. In order to prevent gas accidents caused by blasting operation, relevant laws and regulations stipulate that the system of "one shot, three inspections" (checking gas concentration before charging, before blasting and after blasting) must be strictly implemented in blasting operation, and charging and blasting are strictly prohibited when the gas concentration in the airflow within 20 meters near the blasting site reaches 1%; Special detonators must be used for underground blasting operations, and open flames are strictly prohibited.

Close), Ming socket blasting; Boreholes must be sealed with stemming and water stemming in accordance with regulations. It is forbidden to block the blasthole with pulverized coal or other flammable materials, and it is forbidden to blast when there is no stemming or insufficient stemming.

Fourth, emergency hedging.

35. Effective self-help and mutual aid can reduce accident casualties and save the lives of yourself and others. Therefore, we must actively learn and master the knowledge of mine disaster prevention and self-help and mutual rescue, and be familiar with the underground disaster avoidance route.

36. After an accident, calling the police in time can increase the chances of rescue and win the time of rescue. After the accident, make full use of the nearby telephone or send someone to report the accident to the leader or dispatching room quickly.

37. In the process of avoiding disasters, keep calm and calm, don't panic, don't yell and run around; Obey discipline, obey orders and never act alone.

38. When emergency evacuation from the scene of the accident, to meet the romantic, to the downwind wellhead evacuation, and leave a mark along the way.

39. When it is impossible to evacuate the disaster area safely, you should quickly enter the pre-built refuge cavern or other safe places for temporary refuge, leave a clear mark outside the cavern, and tap the track or iron pipe to send out a distress signal from time to time. When the evacuation passage is blocked, don't venture through the fire area or swim through the passage blocked by water.

40, rescue suffocation or cardiac arrest of the wounded, should first recovery, after handling; When rescuing the bleeding wounded, stop bleeding first, and then carry it; When rescuing the fracture wounded, they should be fixed first and then transported.

4 1. Proper disaster avoidance can avoid or reduce casualties: in case of gas and coal dust explosion accidents, you should quickly lie down with your back to the direction of air vibration, and cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel to prevent inhaling a lot of toxic gases; At the same time, put on the self-rescuer quickly, and choose a place with a strong roof, water or close to the water source to escape.

When encountering a fire accident, we must first recognize the disaster situation and our actual situation. If you can put out the fire, you should put out the fire. If you can't put out the fire, you should evacuate or avoid it quickly, carry out self-help or wait for rescue.

When encountering a flood accident, try to avoid sudden water head. When it is difficult to escape, grab the solid objects around you and take a deep breath, and save yourself and help each other after the head has passed.

In case of coal and gas outburst accident, you must quickly put on the isolation self-rescuer or enter the compressed air self-rescue device or enter the refuge cavern.

V rights, obligations and rights maintenance of coal miners

42. Enjoy the right to know, supervise and make suggestions on the safety production of enterprises, and have the right to ask coal mining enterprises to provide information on the safety production of enterprises, and understand the hidden dangers of accidents, preventive measures and emergency methods existing in workplaces and jobs.

43. Have the right to provide pre-job safety education and training for coal mining enterprises according to law. Coal mining enterprises have no safety education and training, coal mining enterprises have the right to refuse their work at their posts.

44. Have the right to resist illegal command and refuse risky operations, and have the right to stop illegal operations.

45. In case of emergency that directly endangers personal safety, have the right to stop operation, evacuate the workplace and take emergency measures.

46. Have the obligation to consciously abide by the relevant laws, regulations and rules of the state.

47. Have the obligation to take good care of production equipment and facilities and use safety protection articles correctly.

48. Have the obligation to report the danger in time and participate in emergency rescue and disaster relief.

49. If you are injured at work, you have the right to claim compensation from the enterprise according to law and enjoy work-related injuries and social insurance.