How did China's soldiers and civilians resist the Japanese invasion?

At the beginning of 1932, the Japanese high command sent people to Shanghai to find opportunities to provoke, create excuses for invading China, and at the same time send more troops to Songhu area. 65438 1 On October 23rd, the Japanese navy cruiser "Dajing" and destroyer brigade 15 arrived in Shanghai, and 457 marines from Wugang1were transported with the ship. On the 24th, the Japanese seaplane carrier "Nengdenchang" arrived in Shanghai with eight seaplanes on board. On 28th, the Japanese 1 destroyer "Xizhang" and the 22nd, 23rd and 30th expulsion brigades arrived in Shanghai, accompanied by 468 people from the 2nd Marine Corps of sasebo.

Before the Japanese army began to land, China's troops in Shanghai included the 78th Division of the Route Army 19, the garrison camp of Wusong Fortress, and the 6th Regiment of Gendarmerie. Driven by the people's anti-Japanese upsurge, they were determined to resist the Japanese attack and made some preparations. 65438+1at 2 1 0: 30 on October 28th, Koichi Iwasawa ordered all ships to send 30% of the crew to form a marine corps to shore, ready to cooperate with the marine corps to launch an attack. At 23: 30, the Japanese army began to launch a surprise attack on our Zhabei area. Fired with the China army near the eight-character bridge. China army held the positions of Sanyili and Qiu Jiang Road and repelled the enemy's attack. Fortunately, Iwasawa sent the Marine Corps and armored vehicles to help. The carrier aircraft "Nengdengchang" took off to bomb the North Station and the Commercial Press. However, the Japanese army made little progress. It once captured the North Station and was recaptured by the defenders. 1 Japanese armored vehicles were destroyed and 3 were captured. The Japanese army killed 20 people and was injured 100. At Wusongkou, the Japanese ship and the garrison battery also launched a fierce artillery battle, with casualties.

65438+1At around 20: 00 on October 29, representatives of China and Japan reached an agreement to cease fire on 2 1. However, during the cease-fire, the Japanese army continued to snipe at our army and quickly mobilized reinforcements to come to Shanghai. On the 30th, the Japanese cruiser "Longtian" and Sheshe 26 destroyer brigade transported 474 people from the 3rd Marine Corps of the World Insurance Company to Shanghai. From 65438+1 October 3 1 day to February 1 day, two aircraft carriers, the Japanese Air ForceNo. 1 and the Second Destroyer Brigade, Kaga and Fengxiang, arrived at the Yangtze River estuary, and1Marine Corps was also dispatched. On February 2nd, the Japanese Jun Ye formed the 3rd Fleet, and appointed Lieutenant General Nomura as the commander. With the cruiser Izumo as the flagship, he came to China to directly direct the invasion of 1 foreign fleets. On the afternoon of the 2nd, the Japanese army attacked the Central China Army from Sichuan North Road. There was a fierce battle between Disway Road and Tiantong 'an Road, and 1 the enemy plane that came to bomb was shot down. During this period, the 19 Route Army with Jiang Guangnai as the commander and Cai Tingkai as the commander will also be deployed to the 60th and 6th1divisions in Shanghai along Shanghai-Nanjing.

At 8 o'clock on February 3, the Japanese army attacked Qingyun Road and Liusanyuan in Zhabei. At 10, 38 cruisers, including the 26th destroyer brigade and the 3rd detachment, such as Nak, Awujing and Yoshiko Yura, launched an attack on Wusongbao with the support of five planes. The battery defenders fought back hard, hitting three enemy ships and shooting down enemy planes 1 frame. On February 4, the Japanese ship destroyed six fortress guns in Wusongbao with heavy artillery, and the defenders were scattered. Shortly after the Japanese captured the fort, 19 Route Army 156 Brigade organized a counterattack, retaken the fort and injured two enemy ships. In Zhabei, the Japanese army occupied the Commercial Press and retreated in the evening. On February 5th, the Japanese army sent a large number of naval planes to bomb our positions and railway lines. China's Air Force launched its first air battle with the enemy carrier-based fighter group Fengxiang over Zhenru.

On February 7th, the 2nd Destroyer Team and 4th Team of the 2nd Fleet of the Japanese Navy escorted the 24th Huncheng Brigade and 5th Marine Corps of the 1st 1 Army of Yokosuga to Wusongkou. The Japanese Marine Corps stationed in Shanghai launched an attack on the south bank of Huangpu River to cover the land of the Army and Marine Corps who came to Wusong Wharf for reinforcements. Since then, the Japanese navy and army in Shanghai have been under the command of Nomura Yoshisaburo, who arrived in Shanghai by Izumo. At the same time, China's army has also adjusted its deployment: 198 Road Army 78th Division 156 Brigade 5 Regiment defends Wusong and Baoshan, and 6 Regiment serves as the front-line guard of Dachang Zhizhenru Station; 155 Brigade 1 2 Regiment assembled near Zhenru, and 3 Regiment served as the first-line guard from Beixinjing to Er Ru; 12 1 brigade and 6 1 division 22 brigade respectively advanced from Nanxiang to Dachang and Liujiaxing areas, and were transferred from 12 1 brigade to 1 regiment to defend Jiangwan, and from 122 brigade to 65432. Sixty divisions guarding Zhabei-Wanhe line; The Independent Brigade of the 88th Division of the 5th Army and the 6th Regiment of Gendarmerie guarded Heather, Longhua, Hongqiao and Beixinwang. The 26 1 Brigade of the 88th Division and 87th Division of the 5th Army was on standby in Nanxiang area, as the general reserve, under the command of Jiang Guangnai.

On February 8, artillery and naval planes of the Japanese Marine Corps bombed Zhabei indiscriminately. The 24th Brigade of the enemy launched a continuous charge 10 to Wusong, which was repelled. A Japanese army crossed the river from Jijiaqiao to Yunzaobang in an attempt to sneak attack the defenders, and was also repelled after being discovered. In order to strengthen Hu Jiazhuang's defense from Yunzaobang to Wusong, the 6th regiment of 6 1 Division 122 Brigade was transferred from Liu Jiaxing to Yang Jiaxing. 12, our 26th 1 brigade entered Jiading from Nanxiang, and sent1regiment to take over Luodian. That night, the Japanese 14 United Front 2 Brigade built a bridge near Jijiaqiao. 13 crossing the river at dawn, occupying some positions. Our 122 brigade surrounded the enemy crossing the river from three sides. 24 United Front 1 Brigade came to the rescue. Under the fierce attack of China's army, the remnants of the enemy troops of the two brigades withdrew to Wu Shu. On the same day, Captain General Ueda Chiyoshi led the Japanese 9th Division Command, the directly affiliated teams and the 6th and 6th brigades, and arrived at Wusongkou under the escort of the 2nd Navy destroyer team. Since then, the land troops invading Shanghai have been changed to the command of the head of the Shangkou Kenji Division, and the maritime troops are still under the jurisdiction of Nomura Kenzaburo. The land situation is that the Marine Corps is in Zhabei, the 9th Division is on the line from Baziqiao to Jiangwan, and the 24th Brigade is on the line from Zhanghuabang to Yunzaobang.

The China 19 Route Army surrounded the Japanese army in Happy Valley in June, 5438+04. After four hours of bloody fighting, the enemy lines were conquered and eight wild guns were seized. At this time, Zhang Zhizhong, who led the follow-up troops of China's 5th Army and the teaching corps of the Central Military Academy, arrived in Shanghai as the commander of the left-wing army. Before 18, the deployment of China's army was adjusted as follows: 60th Division, 6 1 Division, 78th Division and 88th Division's Independent Brigade, and the 6th Regiment of the 5th Army was a right-wing force under the command of Cai Tingkai, defending Heather, Longhua, Beixinjing, Zhenru, North Station and Baziqiao respectively. The 87th Division, 88th Division, 19 Route Army 156 Brigade and Teaching Corps of the 5th Army are the left-wing troops, under the command of Zhang Zhizhong, respectively defending the northern end of Jiangwan, Miaohang, the north bank of Yunzaobang and the first line of Wu Shu, and the other one serving as a guard in Luodian, Liuhe and Chuansurrey. Commander-in-Chief Jiang Guangnai is sitting in Nanxiang. Shanghai people's organization volunteers actively participated in the war and supported the front line.

On 19, Kenji Ueda issued an attack order to his troops. However, a Japanese plane flew over Shanghai on this day, distributing a large number of leaflets calling on the Japanese to oppose the war and blowing up the Japanese barracks near the shooting range. At 7: 30 on the 20th, with the fire support of planes, naval guns and land guns, the Japanese army launched a general attack on Zhabei-Wusong line. The enemy's attack focused on Miaoxing and Jiangwan, trying to break through the middle road and sweeping Zhabei and Wusong. Three cruisers and two cruisers of the Japanese Navy's 3rd Fleet shelled Shizilin Fort and Liuhe Town one by one. 1 Several destroyers of the destroyer fleet attacked the defenders of Wu Shu to cooperate with the general attack. The defenders of Jiangwan repelled the attack of more than 4,000 people and 20 tanks of the enemy's 9th Division three times, and blew up 4 enemy tanks. The defenders of the temple line also repelled more than 2000 enemy attacks. The invasion of Zhabei by the Japanese Marine Corps was also unsuccessful. The headquarters of the ninth division of the Japanese army came to command near Fudan University. The enemy's attack has not made much progress until 2 1. The 35th United Front of the Japanese army, which broke into Sunjiazhai area, was also violently blocked by the Air Force, causing heavy casualties.