How to write a research report

Definition: Investigation report is a written report that truly reflects the situation after in-depth and meticulous investigation and study of an event, a person and a problem. The interview summary I asked the team leader to do last time was actually to investigate the report.

Investigation report is a common style that can be used in both the news field and the office practical writing field, that is, it is an amphibious style of news and practical writing.

First, the structural characteristics.

Generally speaking, the investigation report consists of five parts: title, introduction, text, conclusion and signature.

(1) Title

There are two kinds of titles of investigation reports: single title and double title. The so-called multiple choice question is a title. Among them, there are official titles and literary titles.

Official title. The title is similar to the style of official documents. Interviewee+reason+language? Essays, such as "Investigation Report on Chinese Teaching in Rural Middle Schools in Zhejiang Province", "Investigation Report on the Performance of Rural Credit Cooperatives" and "Investigation on the Problems Faced by Ecological Immigrants in Inner Mongolia".

Title of the article. The specific methods are flexible and diverse. You can use questions as the title, such as "What kind of books do children need? 》。 Can show the author's own point of view, such as "how difficult it is for migrant workers to defend their rights". You can tell the truth directly, such as three children going to Snake Island. You can use images to hint at the content of the article, such as "? Aircraft carrier? "Braving the Wind and Waves" and "Economic Ocean" can also show the author's views obtained through investigation, such as adjusting educational policies and increasing educational investment.

The so-called double title refers to two titles, namely a title and a subtitle. Among them, the title uses the title of the article, while the subtitle uses the title of the official document. For example, the investigation report of closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation for the benefit of future generations, and the investigation that a collective enterprise in Taiyuan was forcibly taken over because of the storm of clear property rights. ?

(2) Introduction

An introduction is also called an introduction. It is the preface of the investigation report, which briefly introduces the investigation, or puts forward the introduction of the full text to pave the way for the writing of the text. Common clues are:

First of all, a brief introduction. Briefly introduce the purpose, time, method, background and method of the investigation.

Second, general introduction. Give a general introduction to the respondents, so that readers can have a general understanding of their basic situation from the beginning.

Third, clues that can be explained. That is, briefly introduce and explain the origin of the theme.

Fourth, problem-based guidance. Ask questions at the beginning to arouse readers' attention to the survey topic and make readers think.

The introduction usually uses a paragraph of text, which is concise and leads to the following.

(iii) Text

The words after the preface and before the conclusion belong to the text. The text is the main body of the investigation report, describing the facts and relevant materials obtained from the investigation, discussing the analysis and synthesis, and explaining the results and conclusions of the investigation. This part of the material is rich and complex, and the most important problem in writing is the arrangement of structure. There are three main structural forms:

1. Connect the material with the viewpoint in series.

It consists of several levels that express basic ideas from different aspects, and the clues centered on basic ideas run through it. For example, the text of the investigation report "Investigation on Guiding Farmers' Income Increase in Weishan County of Shandong Province according to the Law of Market Economy" published by People's Daily on February 9 1999 is such a form. It consists of four parts:? Grasp the law and the root cause? ,? Grasp the market demand and give play to its own advantages? ,? Strengthen alliance and cooperation around market competition? ,? Follow the law of value to promote agriculture? Four modernizations. These four parts are permeated with the basic ideas shown in the title.

2. Arrange the materials according to the logical structure of the content

This structure can be used for investigation reports with relatively single theme and scattered materials. According to the level of content expression, the framework is: situation, result and suggestion? Structure, mostly used to reflect the basic situation of the investigation report; ? Results specific practical experience? Structurally, it is mostly used to introduce the experience of investigation reports; ? Reasons, opinions or suggestions? Structure, mostly used to expose the problem of the investigation report; The use of pun rhetoric in newspaper advertisements belongs to the structure that reflects the basic situation.

3. Arrange the materials in chronological order.

This structure can be used in the investigation report of single event and strong process. In fact, it takes time as a clue to find the layout of the article, similar to the chronological writing of narrative. This kind of writing with clear process can improve readers' interest in reading. Its basic structural formula: opinions on handling the conclusion of the nature of the event in the course of the event.

When writing, you should pay attention to:

1, targeted. A certain situation, a certain social problem and a certain successful experience must have attracted a certain degree of attention. In order to further understand its details, truth and nature, it is necessary for someone to investigate and study it and provide a report to the relevant authorities. It can be seen that the investigation report is a highly targeted style.

For example, the problem of difficult employment for college graduates has become a commonplace topic. Since 1999, university education has developed rapidly and the number of graduates has doubled, but it is difficult for society to absorb it at once. After nearly ten years of accumulation, what about these? After a bachelor? Talent has become a large-scale group in society, and it has become another group that has aroused widespread concern in society after farmers, migrant workers and laid-off workers. What are their living conditions? The recently published ant tribe: village records of college graduates' life shows us their real life. This new book is from a social survey organized by Lian Si, a postdoctoral fellow at the Center for China and World Studies in Peking University. Lian Si organized it? Ant tribe? The investigation team began in 2008, mainly in Beijing to investigate the villages where university graduates live in Beijing.

The survey shows? Ant tribe? It refers to the group of college graduates who have received higher education, are engaged in temporary jobs or even are unemployed or semi-unemployed, have an average monthly income of less than 2,000 yuan, live in the urban-rural junction of big cities and are under the age of 22? 29 years old, most of them graduated from university for 3 years. Their living environment is usually a rental house with small area, low rent, poor sanitary conditions and great security risks. In Beijing alone, the number of this group exceeds 654.38+ 10,000. Lian Si estimated that the number of these people in China may exceed 6.5438+0 million. With the deepening of the international financial crisis and a series of adjustments in China's labor market structure and employment structure, the ant family? This phenomenon will exist for a long time and may have an expanding trend.

2. Rich and informative materials

The investigation report needs to list a large number of relevant examples, statistical data and opinions of all parties, and put forward the author's own opinions on this basis. For example, the article "Two Problems in the Construction of Primary School Teachers in Xi"19901June 16 Shaanxi Daily listed the following facts and data about the aging and feminization of primary school teachers:

Take the situation of teachers in Lianhu District as an example. There are 42 primary schools in this district with 1.250 teachers, of whom 63.2% are teachers over 40, 42% are teachers over 45, and only 1.7% are teachers under 30. 12%, the average age of many primary school teachers is 47 or 48. The aging of teachers has become a prominent problem.

According to the survey, by 1993, there will be 526 backbone teachers in Lianhu primary school, accounting for 42% of the total number of existing teachers. If it is not replenished in time, the fault situation will follow.

The gender bias of teachers is also a serious problem. More than 90% of primary school teachers in Lianhu District are women, and only 26.6% of them hold leadership positions. Many schools are women except the PE teachers. There are only eight or nine male teachers in Qingnian Road Primary School, Fenghe Road Primary School and Xidian No.2 Primary School, accounting for 17%-20% of the total number of teachers. There are only four or five male teachers in general schools, while there is only one male teacher in Wuxing Street Primary School.

In the writing of the investigation report, most of the words are listing facts, which makes the investigation report have a kind of? Facts speak louder than words? Powerful persuasion.

④ Conclusion

The content at the end is mostly the investigator's views and suggestions on the problem, which is the inevitable result of analyzing and solving the problem. The ending methods of the investigation report mainly include supplementary, deepening, suggestive and heuristic.

Deepening type. Summarize the full text, deepen the theme, and conclude with an ideological position.

Supplementary types. If some existing problems have not attracted people's attention, and it is impossible for the author to propose a solution to the problem due to various factors, it is also very valuable to point out the problem, attract the attention of relevant parties, or inspire people to think about it.

Suggestive style. After revealing the related problems, some feasible suggestions are put forward to solve the problems. 1999165438+123 October, People's Daily published a special survey, "People's consumption, how can people put up with you! "I wrote a suggestive ending:

In the case that human consumption has become an ethos, it is difficult for any person or unit to stop large-scale operation. For example, drinking a wedding banquet is often because people are disgusted with the scope of the notice, and those who have not received the notice have opinions. It is a social systematic project to curb human consumption, establish new interpersonal relationships and advocate new social practice, which requires the concerted efforts of all levels and departments. First of all, we should strengthen publicity and education. Advocate new things, do new things, manage the family diligently, practise economy, and establish new socialist interpersonal relationships. During the festival, newspapers, radio stations and television stations can hold special columns and programs for publicity, and cultural departments should select a number of excellent films (mainly about weddings, funerals, new things and new things) to broadcast in towns and villages. Through extensive and in-depth publicity and education, let people establish a correct concept of humanistic consumption. Secondly, we must formulate social norms. Establish a red and white Council in government agencies, enterprises and institutions, and practice thrift to hold red and white weddings and funerals. Establish a restraint mechanism to guide, standardize and manage human consumption. The third is strict inspection. Cadres who make a big deal or even take the opportunity to collect money should be dealt with seriously until they are exposed in the news media.

Three suggestions are put forward to solve the serious problem of human consumption, among which there are many practical measures.

5] Signature

The signature of the investigation report shall indicate the name of the unit and individual where the investigator works and the completion time. If the investigator is indicated under the title, it can be omitted when signing. ?