What safety measures should be taken before entering a confined space?

1. The person in charge of on-site safety of the enterprise should conduct safety education and training for on-site guardians and workers.

It should include relevant safety laws and regulations; safety measures that should be taken when dangers and hazards exist during the operation; the use of labor protection supplies and safety precautions; accident emergency response rescue and self-rescue knowledge; related accidents experience and lessons.

2. Formulate safety emergency plans or safety measures, which should include the communication signals agreed between the guardian and the operators, the escape routes and rescue methods for the operators in emergencies, and the life-saving facilities and fire-extinguishing equipment that should be equipped on site.

On-site workers should be familiar with the contents of the emergency plan, and be equipped with a certain number of emergency rescue equipment that meets the regulations on site outside the restricted space, such as air respirators, air-supply protective masks, lifeline, fire-extinguishing equipment, etc. . Ensure it is unobstructed and there must be no obstacles inside or outside the entrance to facilitate access, rescue and evacuation.

3. When the conditions of the restricted space change, workers should evacuate the site immediately, set up a warning sign "No Entry" at the entrance, and seal the entrance to the restricted space to prevent accidental entry. After processing, you need to apply for a new permit before entering.

4. Ventilation measures include natural ventilation and forced ventilation. The air source should be analyzed and confirmed before supplying air to the pipeline. It is strictly prohibited to fill the air with oxygen. Workers should not work in a confined space for too long each time and should take turns to work or take a break.

5. In a restricted space with rotating parts such as agitators, the power supply should be cut off after the machine is shut down, and a warning sign saying "Someone is working, closing is strictly prohibited" should be hung on the switch, and a dedicated person should be assigned to monitor it if necessary. .

6. Safety voltage and safety lights should be used when entering confined spaces. When entering metal containers and non-metallic containers that are particularly humid and have a narrow working area, the lighting voltage should not be greater than 12 V.

When working in a humid environment, workers should stand on the insulating board and ensure that the metal container is reliably grounded. When the power voltage is greater than 12 V, a leakage protector should be installed according to regulations, and its junction box is strictly prohibited from being brought into the container for use.

7. When the working environment originally contains flammable and explosive gases, liquids and other media, explosion-proof flashlights or explosion-proof safety portable lights with a voltage of no more than 12 V should be used. The portable light transformer must not be placed in or on the container; Wear anti-static clothing and use explosion-proof tools. It is strictly forbidden to carry mobile phones and other non-explosion-proof equipment.

8. Within 30 minutes before operation, the toxic and harmful, flammable gas and oxygen content of the confined space should be checked according to the process conditions of the confined space equipment. Only those who pass the test and analysis can enter. If the operation is interrupted for more than 1 hour, the detection and analysis should be carried out again.

Gas concentration detection instruments must be calibrated within the validity period, and they should be ensured to be in normal working condition before use.

9. When the volume of the confined space is large, samples should be taken and analyzed separately from the upper, middle and lower parts of the confined space to ensure that the flammable gas concentration and oxygen content in any part of the confined space are qualified (toxic Hazardous substances must not exceed the "maximum allowable concentration of toxic substances in the workshop air" specified by the state; the temperature in the confined space should be around normal temperature. If the monitoring result is unqualified, the operation should be stopped immediately.

10. Workers should wear portable gas concentration alarms when entering confined spaces. They should monitor regularly during operations, at least every 2 hours. If there is a significant change in the monitoring and analysis results, the frequency of monitoring should be increased.

Confined spaces that may release harmful substances should be continuously monitored. When the gas concentration alarm alarms, operations should be stopped immediately, personnel should be evacuated, and the site should be processed. Operations can be resumed only after passing the analysis.

11. For equipment containers that have produced autopolymers, they should be processed before operation, and methods such as cooking and replacement should be used, and polymer heating and other tests should be conducted.

12. Operations in restricted spaces are not allowed. Hoists, cranes, etc. are used to transport workers; the tools and materials brought by workers must be registered, and people, objects and tools unrelated to the operation are prohibited from entering the restricted space.

13. Under special circumstances, workers can wear air-supply masks, air respirators, and tie life ropes when necessary. When using an air-supply mask, a dedicated person must be arranged to monitor the air-supply equipment.

14. During operations in a confined space, a warning sign is posted on the relevant process operating platform. It is strictly prohibited to conduct various test runs, pressure tests or tests related to the confined space at the same time.

Extended information:

In order to standardize the operating behavior of workers in confined spaces, protect the lives of workers in confined spaces and the safety of the company's equipment and property, and create safety for the company This operating procedure is specially formulated to reflect the cultural atmosphere of the operation.

Confined space refers to the inside of various equipment in factories (furnaces, towers, tanks, warehouses, pools (pickles), tankers, pipes, flues, etc.) and tunnels in cities (including factories) , sewers, ditches, pits, wells, pools, culverts, valve rooms, sewage treatment facilities and other closed and semi-closed facilities and places (cabins, underground hidden projects, closed containers, long-term unused facilities or poorly ventilated places, etc.) , as well as wells and cellars for storing sweet potatoes, potatoes, and various vegetables in rural areas. Mines with poor ventilation should also be considered confined spaces.

In short, all equipment, facilities and places that are poorly ventilated and can easily cause the accumulation of toxic and harmful gases and lack of oxygen are called confined spaces (spaces where operations are restricted), and operations in confined spaces are called Confined space operations.

Confined space operations involve a wide range of fields and industries. The operating environment is complex and there are many dangerous and harmful factors. Safety accidents are prone to occur, causing serious consequences. It is difficult to rescue workers when they are in danger. Blind rescue or Improper rescue methods can easily lead to increased casualties. ?

Confined space operations are not only highly dangerous, but also prone to accidents and the severity of their consequences. We must fully understand the importance and necessity of strengthening safety management of confined space operations and implement various safeguards to avoid accidents. In terms of safety management of confined space operations, the following ten principles should be followed.

1. Principle of plan: Any operation involving a restricted space, no matter how big or small, must make a plan. Before making the plan, personnel must be organized to identify the dangerous factors here and propose corresponding measures. The simplicity of the response measures depends on the specific work content, and includes the work plan and safety prevention and control plan. The plan must be sent to the workers and supervisors and must be made clear.

2. Training principles: Conduct daily or pre-operation training for confined space workers and supervisory personnel. The training content must include the identification of hazard sources, safety protection for confined space operations, and emergency response. and related operating principles, etc. The common risks of working in confined spaces include poisoning, suffocation, fire, explosion, mechanical injury, electric shock, smashing or dismantling of equipment, blind rescue, etc., so the training of personnel must be carried out It is all detailed and requires personnel to have emergency response capabilities for corresponding operational risks.

3. Emergency response principles After relevant personnel working in confined spaces have the corresponding emergency response capabilities, they should also participate in emergency response simulation drills to exercise their practical operation and flexible response capabilities.

4. In principle, when the plan is in place, the personnel are in place, the technical explanation is clear, and all operating conditions are met, the corresponding safety management personnel will go to the site to confirm and issue a work ticket. Once the operation is completed, all corresponding personnel The work ticket must be signed and approved. The work ticket must be formulated in a standardized manner, and the content and risk prevention measures must be clear and in place.

5. Principle of Suspension of Handover: When operations are suspended due to the exchange of operators, or connection or cooperation with other types of operations, technical explanations between personnel, re-inspection of the process, re-monitoring and analysis and re-signing must be carried out Job tickets.

6. Supervision and supervision principle This principle should be implemented throughout. Supervision and inspection are required whether during operation or before and after inspection and processing. Supervision and supervision must be in place and must not leave the site. During supervision and supervision, keep in touch with the operating personnel. A certain distance. Agree on contact signals or gestures and contact them regularly.

7. Sign Principle: Clear warning signs should be hung in confined space operations, pipeline control points connected to the restricted space, passages, air ducts or cross-operation areas, etc. , control the valve at the same time, the operating location should be stated next to the warning sign, especially if the operating point and the control point are not at the same place, special attention should be paid to prevent other personnel from tampering with the operation without seeing the construction, thus causing an accident.

8. Protection principles: Operators and guardians must correctly select, check and wear labor protection equipment or alarm equipment. They must not miss or use invalid protective equipment. They must check each other during the selection, inspection and wearing process. The operation can be carried out only after passing the qualification.

9. Inspection and processing principles: Inspection and processing before operation, check whether the process pipelines connected to the confined space operations are effectively blindly disconnected, isolated and removed. Check that access to confined space operations is clear.

Check that warning signs are in place correctly. Check whether emergency facilities and items are in place. Inspection and processing after operation to check whether the operation point meets the operation technical requirements. Check the job site for missing tools, debris or disassembly items.

10. Monitoring and analysis principles: Toxic and harmful substances and oxygen content in confined space operations must be monitored and analyzed. For example, during the operation process, the conditions inside change at any time and after the operation is terminated, it must be monitored regularly or re-monitored. Analyze and communicate data results to safety managers in a timely manner. Safety managers judge and analyze and handle on-site confined space procedures based on technical specifications.

Baidu Encyclopedia_Safe Operating Procedures for Confined Space Operations

Shaodong County Work Safety Administration_“Ten Principles” for Safety in Confined Space Operations