What does artificial embankment mean?

Question 1: What are road shoulders, cuttings and embankments? What's the difference between them? The road shoulder is the edge of the road, called the shoulder. The cutting is lower than the original ground, and the embankment is higher than the original road surface. Cuttings and embankments are a way of pavement construction. 1. During construction, the thickness of the structural layer is low When the thickness of the structure is higher than the designed thickness, soil needs to be excavated to increase the thickness, thus forming deep cuttings. 2. During construction, when the thickness of the structural layer is higher than the designed thickness, soil needs to be filled to reduce the thickness, forming a high embankment. , so there are so-called deep cuttings and high embankments. Thank you, I am very willing to answer this question for you and give you an evaluation.

Question 2: What is the relationship between the subgrade and the embankment bed? How to distinguish it? The subgrade refers to the soil part of the road including the excavated cuttings and the filled embankments. The embankment is the artificial roadbed that is filled in after deducting the excavated parts. The subgrade bed is the roadbed, or the subgrade bed is the road trench. Various road surfaces can be laid on it. The subgrade bed and the road trench are basically equivalent.

Question 3: Subgrade, road cutting, road shoulder, embankment, road bed Let me tell you about the relationship between them, and I hope to get your bonus points.

The roadbed mainly refers to a part of the road structure, and the road is also a structure. It can be simply divided into three parts: the roadbed, the base layer and the surface layer.

The roadbed refers to the bottom part that directly carries the road base and surface layer. It generally refers to the natural foundation or artificially filled road foundation. It is generally composed of soil or graded sand and gravel with better properties. Need to be compacted and filled.

In my impression, road cutting should be the term for excavated road section. It generally refers to the roadbed of excavated road section, which is called road cutting.

Road shoulders are relatively common in general highways. They refer to the soil shoulders of about 50cm left on both sides of the road, or shoulders of other materials. The main function is to play a certain role in road stability, arc and facilitate Road drainage can ensure that the road structure is not damaged after being washed by rainwater, etc.

Embankment refers to the road bed of the fill section. It is opposite to road cutting.

The road bed refers to the road bed, but when we say road bed, we refer to it more specifically. There should be no substantial difference between the road bed and the road bed.

I hope I can help you. These are all I know. If there is anything wrong, I hope my friends can correct me. Thank you.

Question 4: What is the essence of subgrade? 20 points Subgrade refers to a strip-shaped structure built as a road foundation according to the route location and certain technical requirements. It is the foundation of railways and highways. The subgrade is made of soil or A linear structure built of stone. The roadbed is built under good geological, hydrological and climatic conditions. In terms of materials, roadbed can be divided into three types: earth roadbed, stone roadbed, and earth and stone roadbed.

The road base body includes embankments filled with natural soil and stones and cuttings dug out of the natural strata. Its outline and the names of each part are as shown in the figure. It directly supports the track, bears the load of trains passing through the track, and is the main body of the roadbed. According to different geological conditions and filling materials, the subgrade body can be divided into six basic forms: embankment, cutting, half embankment, half cutting, half embankment and half cutting, and no filling and no excavation roadbed.

Question 5: What is the ultimate height of embankment? As a system that has been in service for more than ten years, it has already ushered in its destiny. Now, netizens all over the world can't help but stand in awe of this system that has tenaciously existed in Microsoft for more than ten years. Only by constantly exploring, trying, and innovating can the system operation be made more humane. In this regard, XP cannot compete with 7 and 8.1.

Question 6: What is reverse excavation roadbed? Back excavation of roadbed:

When the soil quality of the excavation section of the roadbed is not good and the compaction requirements cannot be met after rolling after the excavation is completed, back excavation is used. After excavation, the improved soil is used Or backfill with other soil that can meet the requirements. This is called reverse excavation roadbed construction.

1. Explanation of terms:

The roadbed construction has reached the design height, but the bottom height of the structure is below the design height. When excavating the foundation pit of a structure, it is called reverse excavation.

2. Specific construction methods:

1. Earth excavation and external transportation

The foundation earth excavation of the reaction area adopts large excavation, and the excavation plane The dimensions are 18.66m (length) * 37.8m (width) and 6.4m (length) * 2.748m (width). The earth excavation adopts the construction method of 220 type excavator and manual cleaning of the trench. The excavated earth is placed in the foundation pit. It will be transported by dump truck to the earth dumping plant in Area 524 designated by the owner, with a transportation distance of 3.5km. A 50 loader and a 220 excavator are used to pile and level the soil in the pile yard. When backfilling the earth, use a 220 excavator with a dump truck to transport it from the owner's designated earth dump to the backfill area, with a distance of 3.5km. Due to the large amount of earthwork excavation and backfilling work, after the earthwork is excavated to the design elevation, the trench shall be inspected by the survey/design unit, supervision unit, owner, general contractor, and construction unit. Only after each unit has passed the acceptance inspection can the trench be constructed. Carry out the next construction process.

2. Basic positioning and setting out

The factory measurement control points provided by the owner have been reviewed, and secondary control points have been introduced in this device in accordance with the "Engineering Measurement Specification GB50026-2007" . Before excavation of the foundation of the reaction area, our company will send professional surveying engineers to position and lay out the foundation, and use white ash to mark the location of the foundation at the construction site, and report it to the supervision department for retesting, review and confirmation.

3. Apply for ground-breaking work tickets

After foundation positioning, apply for ground-breaking work tickets two days in advance. Only after on-site confirmation by the general contractor, supervisor, and owner, can the foundation work be carried out. dig.

5. Construction process

Determine the sequence and slope of the excavation → cut out the trench edge outline along the gray line → maintain the foundation pit → mark the pile foundation → layered excavation and trim the trench edge Bottom cleaning → acceptance → next construction.

The slope value of temporary excavations should comply with the provisions of the "Construction Quality Acceptance Code for Building Foundation Engineering" (GB50202-2002).

Question 7: What is subgrade shaping? Subgrade shaping

A. According to the requirements of the design drawings, restore various stakes and check the position, width, longitudinal slope, transverse slope and Corresponding elevation, etc. According to the inspection results, a renovation plan shall be prepared and submitted to the supervision engineer for approval before construction can begin.

B. The soil roadbed is scraped or filled manually or mechanically, and is repaired and shaped with mechanical rolling. When there is insufficient filling or the slope is washed away by rain, the original slope is dug into steps and filled in layers.

C. Use a bulldozer to smooth the surface of the soil roadbed. If the shoveled soil is insufficient to fill the depression, use the same soil as the roadbed to fill it and compact it. Loose and large stones should be removed within 15cm of the surface of the renovated roadbed, and filled and compacted with the same filler as the roadbed.

D. The renovation of side ditches should be carried out by hanging lines. Instruments should be used to detect the longitudinal slopes of various ditches, and the renovation should be carried out until they meet the requirements of the design specifications.

E. The width of the overfill on both sides of the filled roadbed should be cut off in advance. If there is a lack of soil on the slope, it must be dug into steps and filled in layers and compacted.

Question 8: What is the difference between the subgrade and the base layer in the road? Are they the same concept? It felt like it was being repeated. The roadbed in road engineering includes natural roadbed and artificial roadbed. To put it simply, the roadbed is the roadbed, which includes earthwork roadbed, lime soil roadbed, sand and gravel roadbed, lime roadbed, and cement stabilizing layer. Pavement includes coarse, medium and fine-grained asphalt concrete or cement concrete surface layers.

There is a slight difference in the concepts of roadbed and foundation

Question 9: What does double slope mean? What does double slope mean?

Side slope refers to the purpose of ensuring the stability of the roadbed. , a slope with a certain slope made on both sides of the roadbed. 1. Classification according to the cause of formation: it can be divided into artificial slopes and natural slopes; 2. Classification according to the lithology of the formation: it can be divided into soil slopes and rock slopes. a: According to the rock layer structure, it is divided into: 1 layered structure slope, 2 block structure slope, 3 network structure slope; b: according to the relationship between rock layer inclination and slope direction, it is divided into: 1 forward slope, 2 reverse slope Toward side slope, 3 upright side slope. 3. Classification according to service life: it can be divided into permanent slopes and temporary slopes. Types of engineering protection for slopes 1.1 Plastering and hammering [1] 1.1.1 Applicable conditions: ① For slopes of various soft rock formations that are easily weathered (such as argillaceous sandstone, shale, phyllite, argillaceous slate, etc.) , when the rock formation is not severely weathered; ② The protected slope itself must be stable, but its slope shape, steepness and smoothness are not restricted; ③ The protected slope must be dry and free of groundwater rocky slope. 1.1.2 Structural requirements: ① The thickness of the plastered surface is generally 5 to 7cm, and the thickness of the hammered surface is 10 to 15cm. It is generally a uniform thickness section. ② The connection between the periphery of plastering and pounding projects and the unprotected slope should be strictly sealed. If a water intercepting ditch is built at the top of the slope, the bottom and edges of the ditch should also be protected by plastering or hammering. ③When plastering or pounding a large area, expansion joints should be set up every 5 to 10 meters. 1.2 Grouting and jointing [1] Grouting is suitable for rocky cutting slopes with hard stone, not easily weathered, well-developed internal joints in the rock layer, but small crack width. Pointing joints are suitable for rock cutting slopes where the stone is relatively hard, not easily weathered, the open joints are not well developed, and the joint joints are large and deep. 1.3 Cement-soil slope protection 1.3.1 Applicable conditions: ① Suitable for fill slopes with silt, silt sand, silty clay, clay, etc. ② Subgrade fill slopes that are susceptible to flooding. ③Can be used in saline soil areas.

Question 10: Road bed and road shoulders. What does road shoulder mean? It is recommended that you calculate the road shoulder width as 2x1.75m, then the roadbed width is 6.00m. What you pointed out is indeed inconsistent.

When building a pavement, soil is first piled on both sides of the road, known as "road troughs" as the saying goes, and then pavement materials are added and rolled, and the road troughs are paved layer by layer to the design elevation of the road. In fact, this process is to build the road shoulder. The road shoulder building in the budget quota is measured in m2. There is no specified earthwork for the road shoulder building in the quota, so the engineering quantity must give the amount of earthwork that needs to be backfilled to build the road shoulder.