What couples were there in the Tang Dynasty?

The ancients got married, and there were probably the following procedures. Zhou's Book of Rites stipulated six rites, namely: accepting gifts, asking names, accepting gifts, inviting guests and welcoming relatives. Since then, this ritual system has been widely followed. The first is talent. If the man wants to marry the woman, he must find a matchmaker to propose to her. After being accepted, he will formally accept the woman's "gift choice". That is to say, as the saying goes, parents' orders and matchmakers' words. As the name implies, the media refers to people with two surnames; This refers to people who consider a second surname. Matchmakers come out to mix, in fact, according to ancient rules, there must be a guy in their hands. One is an axe and the other is a scale. There is an axe from a poem in The Book of Songs: Fan Feng Ke Fan: Ke Fan Ke Fan, the bandit axe cannot be defeated. How did you marry that wife? No matchmaker, no marriage. Have a scale, pay attention to the right match. The ancients paid attention to many things, such as having a good wife and not marrying. For example, Jia Baoyu can't marry Qingwen, and Jia Lian can't help Second Sister You. Of course there are exceptions. For example, there was a tendency to choose a husband under the table in the Song Dynasty. As the saying goes, there is Yan Ruyu in the book. As long as you are a scholar, a rich woman will naturally come to your door. Similar to being admitted to civil servants now, there is no shortage of women. Naturally, there is another special form of marriage, such as foreign-related marriage. Generally speaking, the kinship in the Han and Tang dynasties, whether royal or folk, was relatively loose. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the control was strict. For example, it is stipulated that non-registered residents can't get married locally in principle, even if Hu Ren with a Tang green card marries a China woman, he can't bring it back. The border is stricter, since the change of worry-free city (Tubo married a woman to Victoria in the Tang Dynasty and gave birth to two sons. When I grew up, I switched between Xiancheng and Tubo, and then Tubo changed Victoria into a worry-free city. In Gu Long's Lu Xiaofeng, the phoenix dance for nine days is probably the story's allusion), and it began to be strictly controlled. In the Song Dynasty, there were also allusions to celebrate the calendar and increase the currency. Liao wanted to get married, and Song replied that he wanted a woman and would rather give money. Don't say snot song, this aspect is much higher than Han and Tang dynasties. In the Yuan Dynasty system, take Master Zhang as an example. If he marries Zhao Min, he will automatically become a Mongolian citizen. Marry Xiao Zhao, then the color MM will be downgraded (from her husband). Marry Zhou Zhiruo, no problem. At that time, it was no problem to marry Li Yin. Now bear is going to report his blood marriage. If you marry Yin, he will really regret it. No matter in the era of shrimp, it is adultery. The myna of the Ming Dynasty was too weak to stay in the Central Plains, allowing Semu people to marry themselves. They are only allowed to marry Han people, which seems to be mutually beneficial. In fact, many of them are married to Hu Ji (such as Zhou Yuji who stayed in Ning Wuguan in the late Ming Dynasty and had a Mongolian wife), but not many of them are willing to marry their daughters to shepherds. In the Qing Dynasty, only flag bearers were allowed to marry Han Chinese women, and flag women were not allowed to marry Han Chinese. This is not kind. After talking about several special situations, continue to talk about the etiquette of accepting gifts. The most important link is to release the geese. In the six-ceremony marriage, except for the recruitment, the other five ceremonies require the man's envoy to give the goose as a gift to the woman's home. Because geese are migratory birds, they migrate from the north to the south every once in a while with the change of climate, and their spouses are fixed. One dies, and the other no longer chooses a spouse. The ancients believed that the flying geese from south to north conformed to yin and yang, the fixed spouse conformed to benevolence, righteousness and propriety, the marriage was based on geese, symbolizing the harmony between yin and yang, and the bride was faithful and single-minded. Remember, it must be a live goose and be released afterwards, otherwise it is unlucky. Of course, even in ancient times, geese were not easy to attack, and they could be replaced by geese or pheasants. I won't say much about other gifts. After accepting the talent, the next step is to ask the name. The man sent a matchmaker to the woman's house to ask her name and birthday. After getting Geng Tie back, Buji folded his character. Good luck or bad luck. There are many flowers in Gengtie. For example, the zodiac is particular, for example, women are taboo to belong to the tiger sheep. Of course, the road is one foot high and the magic is ten feet high. There was no identification system. It is common for the woman to ask the warlock to change the Geng post in advance. For example, tigers can be divided into mountain tigers and pokeweed, and pokeweed can become cows or rabbits. So it is difficult to guess the age of women. There is a joke in the paper money of the Qing dynasty, a woman falsely changed the post. . . . . . When he was the satrap of Hangzhou, his wife was sealed for four grades. Ten years after my uncle died, philosophers will call my mother seventy. They will run ahead of time and make people laugh: one day, it will not be my real birthday. " It's terrible. It's a great misfortune to marry such a wife. Copy a song of the Chinese Zodiac and enjoy it: the mouse sees the sheep for a thousand years, not the white horse sees the green cow, the tiger sees the snake like a knife, the rabbit doesn't see the dragon for a long time, the chicken doesn't see the dog and the monkey doesn't see the pig. There are many others, so I won't list them one by one, lest the old girls who can't marry the wine have a problem with the bear. Conscience of heaven and earth, bear respects women the most. The two sides have passed the eight characters and think it is ok, so let's move on to the next link: Najib. When the man asks his name, he will tell the woman the good omen of marriage and give gifts to show the etiquette of engagement. You should also give a goose ceremony. It is also a formal marriage certificate. There is a complete set of signatures and other formalities. Now is probably a fair procedure for registration and premarital property. Then there is the fourth step, conscription. Also known as Nami. In layman's terms, it is to send a bride price. The cost codes are different. Silk was used in the early days, and then gold and silver were used. It is recorded in the Marriage of Meng Lianglu in the Southern Song Dynasty that there are one or two gold coins, five or two silver coins, six colored satin faces and forty miscellaneous silks. Five pieces of gold, four pieces of silver, four pieces of internal and external colored satin and thirty pieces of miscellaneous silk. The next family has three taels of silver, three colored satin and fifteen miscellaneous silks. Not to mention in modern times. By the way, there is a detail in an old movie in Chinese mainland. When the Eighth Route goes forward, most sisters will ask him for a shoe, which shows that this marriage is settled. In fact, this has something to do with ancient customs. In ancient times, the man would send things like silk thread, and the woman would give back shoes and socks, symbolizing harmony. On the other hand, watching the old movies of the national army, most people send a handkerchief and shrimp. It's unlucky if the bear doesn't bother. Sending soles, on the one hand, has a good mouth color, on the other hand, is practical, runs fast, jumps high and is very comfortable. Even Flash is more handsome than others. Where's the handkerchief, waving it? Cover the wound? Bloody will? what do you think? Bad luck. Send a bride price, and the invitation will come down. When you have a good day, you are going to marry a new wife. And then the most important step. Welcome to visit. In short, it is etiquette for the groom to marry the bride himself and go home. In ancient times, the groom should ride to the bride's house, and the best man should praise his parents-in-law and relatives. There is a set of etiquette in it, and then the bride comes out and gets on the bus. The groom goes around for three weeks and comes back first. When the bride took the last bus, several relatives at home accompanied her and called it "farewell". Pay attention to the carriage that the bride rides, which is usually provided by the woman and returned by the man in March afterwards. It's called "anti-horse". That is, in the modern sense, after a three-month probation period, you can officially take up your post. Even if you are not a virgin, you can return it, which is most in line with the core spirit of China culture. All right! ! ! ! In ancient times, there were makeup poems, car crashes, deaths and so on. For example, in the Tang Dynasty, Princess Yunyang got married and the best man was Lu Chang. His makeup poem is: "Princess Yun 'an is expensive, marry five princes. Tianmu mixes powder, and Brother Ri pities flowers. Rush to lay a hundred accounts and wait for the seven fragrant cars. Excuse me, the makeup is not finished, and the East wants Xiao Xia. " The ladies-in-waiting think that Lu Chang is witty, because he plays Silent, and they are all willing to make fun of him. Song Ruozhao and Song Ruozhao, the talented women in the palace, wrote a poem: "The twelfth floor leans against the blue sky, and phoenix bears phoenix trees. The twin cities went to the jailer, so that Wu Biao (the song of Emperor Wu) could not enter the Han Palace. " Lu Chou said, "Pink Fairy Lang chooses the Holy Court, and occasionally Qin women learn to play the flute. You must teach Jade to smell the Queen Mother, and don't be afraid of trouble on the Magpie Bridge. " This was so elegant in ancient times that the best man openly flirted with twins among bridesmaids. Not now. Most of the ingredients are bullshit. Just try it. Myth 1, going to church in disorder, now it is said that husband and wife go to church and meet at both ends. This is not the bride and groom in the Water Margin. It's an ancient gift. The woman worships first and the man returns the gift. If so, this is the king, the husband and the right way. In addition, talk about misunderstandings about places of worship. The so-called worship of Lu Qing is actually a custom in the Northern Dynasties. It was not until the Tang Dynasty that it was changed to a class. According to Shi Shuo Xin Yu, during the Han Dynasty, Cao Cao and Yuan Shao robbed other people's green houses and stirred up weddings. In fact, they rob foreigners' weddings, similar to today's China people rushing into the church to rob a foreign girl. Myth 2: Dressing indiscriminately. Nowadays, people in China are used to wearing casually, Chinese wedding, cheongsam with Tang suit, (Oh, my God, is it a wedding ceremony? ), you have never seen an authentic Chinese wedding dress. Do you have a crown robe? This kind of high-grade goods is much better than the professional standard suit of Sima Lu in the Republic of China. Western-style wedding, wearing the wrong wreath (first, not a picnic, second, not the Olympic Games, third, not the supreme treasure, the wrong position, the wrong situation, what reason), wearing the wrong ring (engagement, marriage are not clear), wearing the wrong wedding dress (obviously a new wife, wearing the color of the old girl's marriage). Misunderstanding 3, a glass of wine in a new house, also known as marriage. As the old saying goes, "Marry and tie the knot", the original intention is to divide a gourd into two spoonfuls: "Divide a gourd into two spoonfuls and call it a gourd, and the husband and wife each hold one. (By analogy, gourd dolls must be banned). The man should remember that after drinking the wine, he should turn the glass upside down and take the meaning of yin and yang. Otherwise, I will be bullied by my wife all my life. There are shoes to put, and you can't be trampled by your wife's shoes. Clothes can't be crushed or anything. Of course, the most important thing on the wedding night is to have a red test. First, copy a poem to speak for men's sufferings: tonight, the banquet is full, and you are sure to find a fragrance. Spring has passed for a long time. What's the matter? No, no, I'll give you a white silk. In wedding etiquette, after entering the bridal chamber, there are some precautions. First, fans. The ancient bride covered her face with a fan and left after the memorial ceremony. It's called "fan", and like the makeup poem mentioned above, the man has to make a fan poem. Copy a poem: no makeup, keep eyebrows as a painter. The city is air-cooled with wax torches, and brocade curtains are full of fragrant flowers. I learned that Qin women become immortals, so don't easily separate the circle from peony. Don't fan out the painting to cover up the stagnant talents in Chunshan. If the reunion is as bright as the moon, put osmanthus in it. Of course, if it is found that Zhong Wuyan is near-re-embodiment, we can only pin our hopes on the Red Inspector. At best, the goods are not the correct version, so you can return them. Secondly, knot is also called "knot hair", which symbolizes the harmony between husband and wife and the unity of mind forever. The specific operation mode of "knot hair" has been different in past dynasties. The "knot hair" in the Qin and Han Dynasties means that the groom untied the bride's wedding vows in person when she was at the bride's home, that is, tied the ribbon of her hair and tied it after combing her hair. After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, both men and women cut off a little hair and tied it into a "bun", which was usually kept for the bride immediately. There is a cloud in the poem "Midnight Song" written by a female poet in the Tang Dynasty: "As long as the cloud is cut, Lang will also make hair. Don't ask anyone, tie a knot. "The world often uses" knot hair "and" knot bun "as pronouns for the combination of husband and wife, and even refers to" original match "(also called" yuan match ") husband and wife. There is also an auxiliary measure, called head, which means that the family combs their hair the night before marriage. I remember that in the Hong Kong-made movies of the old TVB, there was often such a plot, singing and combing, "comb to the end and join hands to grow old." To sum up, take Qi Mei as an example ... "Of course, there are such scenes in Hong Kong dramas, which shows that this wedding is definitely unsuccessful. Most of them got married the next day, either because of gunfire or because of a car accident with blood cancer. There are also some taboos, such as must be in pairs, can't always put out. In movies and TV series, it is often seen that the groom blows out the candles and holds the bride B in his tent. In ancient times, it was called sexual intercourse. To test red, you must use a white towel. The man said that it is ok to celebrate with a red scarf. Bear suggested using a green towel to save trouble.