Joke Collection Website - Mood Talk - Who will do the external wall insulation? Can you tell me the detailed process and all the materials used? Thank you.
Who will do the external wall insulation? Can you tell me the detailed process and all the materials used? Thank you.
1 material editing
Cement-based foaming material inorganic concrete
The thermal conductivity is 0.042-0.05 1 A 1, which is the same as the building life? Air-tight thermal insulation material
Inorganic rock wool board
External wall thermal insulation material rock wool board (2 sheets)
The thermal conductivity is 0.04 1-0.045, and it is fire-proof, flame-retardant, moisture-absorbing and poor in heat preservation.
Inorganic ceramic insulation board
The thermal conductivity is 0.08-0. 10, which is fireproof, non-combustible, non-absorbent, convenient to construct and durable.
Perlite and other inorganic mud
Thermal conductivity of 0.07-0.09, good fire resistance, poor high temperature resistance and heat preservation effect, and high water absorption.
Expanded polystyrene board (EPS board) organic class
The thermal conductivity is 0.037-0.04 1, with good thermal insulation effect, low price and slightly poor strength.
Extruded polystyrene board (XPS board) organic class
Thermal conductivity of 0.028-0.03 has good thermal insulation effect, high strength, moisture resistance and high price, and the surface needs to be treated during construction.
Rubber powder polystyrene particle thermal insulation slurry organic
The thermal conductivity is 0.057-0.06, the flame retardancy is good, the heat preservation effect of waste recycling is not ideal, and the requirement on the flatness of the base is not high, so the leveling process can be omitted, and the plastering thickness is not easy to exceed 20mm each time during construction.
Polyurethane foam material organic class
Thermal conductivity of 0.025-0.028, good waterproof performance, good thermal insulation effect, high strength and high price.
Phenolic resin composite plate organic
Thermal conductivity of 0.029-0.03 has good thermal insulation effect, high strength, moisture resistance and high price, and the surface needs to be treated during construction.
10 inorganic active wall insulation material inorganic
The thermal conductivity is 0.045-0.055, which has better thermal insulation effect, high strength, moisture resistance and convenient construction.
build
Structure and requirements of external thermal insulation system of external wall
2 range editing
1, Scope of application of this procedure: construction and acceptance of external thermal insulation system of industrial and civil buildings with polystyrene board as thermal insulation material, polymer bonding mortar as bonding material, polymer plastering mortar as plastering layer, alkali-resistant glass fiber plastic-coated grid cloth as reinforcing material and fastening nails as auxiliary anchorage.
2. Requirements of construction personnel: Organize the construction team according to the project scale and schedule requirements. Before construction, the construction personnel shall be educated in ideology, technology, quality and safety to ensure the quality and progress of the project.
3. Product material requirements: The technical performance of the materials used shall meet the relevant national standards.
4. Construction environment requirements: the normal construction operating environment temperature is 5℃~35℃.
Construction requirements for external insulation of external wall
1. After the construction acceptance of external walls and doors and windows is completed, the base surface meets the requirements of the multi-layer formwork in Section III of Chapter V "Concrete Engineering" or Section I of Chapter VI "Masonry Engineering" in the Standard for Quality Inspection and Evaluation of Building Engineering (GBT30 1-88).
2. The ambient temperature for normal construction of external wall insulation system is 5℃~35℃.
3, the construction site should have roads, water, electricity.
4. The erection tools and scaffolding used for construction shall meet the construction needs (safe and reliable).
5. Mobile distribution boxes and water pipes for construction should be configured according to the construction needs.
6. The vertical and horizontal transportation facilities of distribution materials shall comply with relevant safety regulations.
7. The distance between the high-voltage wires in the construction environment and the construction site shall comply with relevant regulations, and there shall be corresponding protective facilities.
8. Remove all obstacles on the wall to be insulated.
9, paste insulation board when the wind can't exceed 5.
10, in order to ensure the construction quality, the construction surface should avoid long-term direct sunlight. Note: it is not suitable for construction in rainy days.
1 1. Construction tools: slotting machine, wallpaper knife screwdriver, scissors, Mo Dou brown brush, electric stirrer, plastic mixing barrel, impact drill, electric hammer, trowel, 2m guide rule, etc.
3. Edit the construction point
1. Grassroots cleaning. Clean up the residual floating ash, release agent oil stain and other sundries and plastering empty drum parts on the concrete wall surface, and repair them. All kinds of holes in the outer wall are densely filled. It is required that the deviation of the surface flatness of the pasted polystyrene board should not exceed 4 mm. If the deviation exceeds 4 mm, the protruding wall should be polished and smooth, and the concave part should be filled.
2. Wall measurement, elastic line, hanging line. According to the technical requirements of building facade design and external wall insulation, horizontal and vertical control lines, expansion lines and decorative seams of external doors and windows pop up on the wall. Hang vertical datum lines at the big corners of the external walls of buildings and other necessary places, and hang horizontal lines at appropriate positions on each floor to control the verticality and flatness of polystyrene boards.
3. Paste the flip grid cloth. Where the pasted polystyrene board is exposed, the grid cloth should be turned over. Use a special bonding mortar to firmly stick the grid cloth with a width of 80mm not less than 200mm on the base surface, and turn the remaining grid cloth upside down when sticking the polystyrene board at the back.
4. Paste polystyrene board. The standard dimensions of external thermal insulation polystyrene boards are 600mm×900mm and 600 mm× 1200 mm. For places with nonstandard dimensions or local irregularities, polystyrene boards with minimum dimensions exceeding 300mm can be cut at the corners of the whole wall, and flat-fell seams of polystyrene boards are not allowed at the four corners of doors and windows. Because the surface roughness of the wall base is not good enough, the point-frame bonding method should be adopted, and the bonding area should not be less than 40% when the decorative surface is paint. Do not apply bonding mortar to the side of the board. When the plates are arranged, they shall be arranged in horizontal order and pasted by staggered joints. Angle of Yin and Yang should be staggered stubble treatment. When sticking the board, even if the bonding mortar overflowing from the board edge is clear, there is no "concave-convex ash" between the boards. The joint of the board should be closely stitched. When the joint width exceeds 2mm, it should be filled with polystyrene board with corresponding thickness. Flat-fell seam height difference is not greater than 65438+/-0.5 mm, otherwise it should be polished with sandpaper or special grinder first.
5. The anchor is fixed. When the mechanical anchor is used to fix the polystyrene board, the installation of the anchor should be carried out at least 24 hours after it is used in bonding mortar, and the surface of the polystyrene board should be punched inward with an electric hammer. The aperture depends on the diameter of the anchor rod, and the depth into the wall should not be less than the design requirements. Screw in or knock in the anchor nail, and the nail head and disc shall not exceed the board surface.
6. When the joint surface of polystyrene board is uneven, coarse sandpaper lined with wood square should be used as the base. The requirements of grinding action are: gently rotate along the circumferential direction, and after grinding, use a brush to remove foam debris on the surface of polystyrene board.
7. Wipe the bottom plastering mortar. After the construction of polystyrene board pasting and anchoring pieces is completed and accepted, polymer mortar plastering shall be carried out, the bottom plastering mortar shall be painted on the surface of polystyrene board, and the folded grid cloth shall be pressed into the mortar. Then press the steel grid cloth used in the four corners of doors and windows and the yin and yang corners into the mortar.
8. lay a grid cloth. Tighten the grid cloth and stick it on the bottom plastering mortar. Press the grid cloth into the mortar surface from the middle to all sides with a trowel. Should be flat and dense, it is forbidden to wrinkle the grid cloth. The grid cloth should not be pressed too deep. When overlapping, laying must meet the requirements of horizontal direction 100mm and vertical direction 80 mm. Before the bottom mortar solidifies, plastering mortar should be done to cover only the grid cloth and see the outline of the grid cloth. Don't keep rubbing the surface mortar to avoid hollowing out.
4 acceptance criteria editor
1, construction quality inspection methods and standards
1) After the completion of each working procedure, check the flatness in all directions with 2m flat guiding rule, and check the verticality with line falling ruler. Standard is verticality and entrainment deviation is not more than 3 mm..
2) Check the thickness deviation of insulation layer by acupuncture to determine whether the actual thickness of insulation core plate meets the design requirements.
3) Random sampling inspection, with one spot checked every 100㎡. If this spot does not meet the design requirements, increase sampling inspection points, set one point every 30㎡, and make records, waiting for mathematical statistics to evaluate the quality.
4) The quality control inspection in the construction operation shall be organized by the quality inspector, and the whole process of construction quality control shall be carried out, with the emphasis on the quality of working procedure. The next working procedure can only be carried out after passing the inspection.
2, engineering quality evaluation and acceptance criteria
1) The wall surface is smooth, with no repair marks, no summer-planting, and good impression.
2) Angle of Yin and Yang vertical founder, conform to the requirements of the quality regulations. The allowable deviation of verticality and surface flatness of the facade shall meet the requirements in the following table.
3, the whole wall without empty drum, no cracks, no spots, uniform color.
check before acceptance
10. 1 construction process acceptance
(1) The variety and technical performance of various materials entering the site shall meet the design and product quality requirements.
(2) The structure of thermal insulation system of each floor shall meet the design requirements and relevant technical regulations or atlas.
(3) The protective layer has no hollowing or cracking.
(4) The grid cloth is in close contact with the insulating layer without warping.
Thermal insulation system
Rock wool external wall system
(The following text is selected from the external thermal insulation building structure of China Building Standard Design and Research Institute 10J 12 1).
The system structure mainly includes: adhesive layer, insulation layer, plastering layer, facing layer and accessories. The decorative layer should be light functional paint, such as decorative mortar or water-based exterior wall paint with good air permeability.
The external thermal insulation system of rock wool board has the advantages of low thermal conductivity, good air permeability and high combustion performance.
Composite A-grade polyurethane external wall insulation board
It can be applied to energy-saving and thermal insulation projects of newly built, expanded and rebuilt residential buildings and public buildings, including external wall thermal insulation, opaque curtain wall and EPS external thermal insulation system fire isolation belt.
Polyurethane insulating material
Fire protection index of polyurethane external wall insulation system
In September, 2009, the Interim Provisions on Fire Protection of Exterior Wall Insulation System and Exterior Wall Decoration of Civil Buildings was promulgated and implemented, which clearly required the fire protection grade of building insulation materials. At present, the wall insulation materials widely used in China are very flammable. How to combine the high efficiency and energy saving of thermal insulation materials with excellent fire resistance has become an industrial problem.
Polyurethane exterior wall thermal insulation and fire protection system has outstanding fire protection performance, reaching the national A-level standard, fire and heat resistance, no melting at high temperature, no dripping, low smoke, good dimensional stability, good thermal insulation and energy-saving effect, and is suitable for many fields such as exterior wall thermal insulation.
fire-protection rating
Tested by the authority of the National Center for Quality Supervision and Inspection of Fireproof Building Materials, the fire rating of polyurethane (PIR) board reached B 1, and the polyurethane external wall thermal insulation and fire protection system reached the national fire protection standard A, which did not melt, soften or diffuse flame penetration at high temperature, thus fundamentally solving the occurrence of external insulation fire.
Expansion refractory system
According to the spirit of Document No.46 and Document No.2011issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development in 2009, the external wall thermal insulation function has been upgraded to the external wall fire insulation function, and the mandatory application of Class A fireproof materials to external wall thermal insulation has become an objective need. Because the market is uneven and the quality varies widely, we should make a good choice in application. This paper introduces the fire prevention and heat preservation system of expansive refractories.
1. System introduction
The technology of intumescent refractory slurry fire insulation system is to use intumescent mineral refractory particles, use Jinling brand inorganic alkali-free and corrosion-free external wall fire insulation board adhesive as adhesive, use special mechanical anchoring fasteners to attach the fire insulation board to the external wall, then apply anti-crack mortar, press glass fiber grid cloth to form a structural protective layer, and finally add an external decorative layer as needed.
2. Main performance:
High bending strength (0.2- 1.0 MPa /30-80 mm thickness) and high compressive strength (0.5-3.0 MPa);
B low thermal conductivity (0.05-0.065W/k.m), which can be adjusted according to the instructions;
C the bulk density is moderate (220-280 ㎏/m3), which can be adjusted as required;
D. Absolutely alkali-free and halogen-free, which fundamentally avoids the serious consequences of pulverization, embrittlement and falling off after returning halogen to alkali;
E. Double waterproof, high softening coefficient (≥0.8), and the soaking strength decreases by ≤ 10% without adding hydrophobic agent, and the effect is better with adding hydrophobic agent;
F. Freeze-thaw resistance, frost resistance (30 times) Mass loss (%)≤ 3 Strength loss (%)≤ 10
G. drying shrinkage value (rapid method) (mm/m)≤ 0.3.
H. Non-toxic and high temperature resistant, (> 1, 300℃, completely reaching the A-level standard), no shrinkage, no deformation and no pulverization after combustion, good sound insulation and shock absorption elasticity, heat insulation and flame retardancy, no black smoke during baking, and no toxic gas after high temperature combustion (in line with and superior to the relevant national standard AQ1);
First, the unique breathable material can prevent moisture accumulation inside and moisture absorption and condensation formed in the alternating process of high temperature and low temperature, resulting in the weakness of the board, effectively eliminating the security risks of the wall and the external decorative layer;
J, with stable performance and low cost, is a special adhesive for making fireproof insulation boards and firewalls.
3. The selection range of main materials for the slurry of expanded refractory:
Expanded perlite, vitrified microbeads, expanded vermiculite, etc.
Interlayer insulation
External wall sandwich insulation is to place insulation materials between the inner and outer wall sheets of the same external wall, and both the inner and outer wall sheets can use traditional clay bricks and concrete hollow blocks. Therefore, 1) these traditional materials have good waterproof and weatherability, can effectively protect the interior wall and thermal insulation materials, and have low requirements for the selection of thermal insulation materials, such as polystyrene, glass wool, rock wool and other materials; 2) The requirements for the construction season and conditions are not very high, which will not affect the winter construction. In recent years, it has been applied to some extent in cold areas such as Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, northern and southern parts of China.
In non-cold areas, this kind of wall is thicker than the traditional wall, and the inner and outer wall pieces need to be connected by connectors. The structure is more complicated than the traditional wall, and there are still thermal bridges in the setting of ring beams and structural columns in buildings in earthquake areas. The efficiency of thermal insulation materials is still not fully exerted.
Thermal insulation decorative board system
External thermal insulation system of thermal insulation decorative board (hereinafter referred to as integrated thermal insulation decorative board system) is composed of adhesive, thermal insulation decorative board, sealing material and auxiliary anchor. During construction, waterproof leveling layer shall be made on the base wall first, and the thermal insulation decorative board shall be fixed on the base by bonding and anchoring.
The thermal insulation decorative board consists of thermal insulation layer, inorganic resin plate, facing layer and connectors. Thermal insulation materials can be EPS board, XPS board, PUR board, phenolic board and rock wool board. The decorative layer is paint, and the inorganic resin version is Class A non-combustible material, with the thickness not exceeding 10mm and the weight not exceeding 20kg/ square.
The effective bonding area between the thermal insulation decorative board and the foundation wall should be greater than 50% of the decorative board area, and the tensile bonding strength should not be less than 0. 10MPa. The number of anchors for fixing the thermal insulation decorative board shall not be less than 6 per square meter.
Related standards
Code for acceptance of construction quality of building energy-saving projects (GB 50411-2014)
Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Cold and Cold Regions (JGJ26-20 10)
Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Areas (JJ134-2010)
Design Standard for Building Energy Efficiency GB50 189-2005
External thermal insulation system of external wall with expanded polystyrene board and thin plaster JG 149-2003
Technical specification for external wall thermal insulation engineering JGJ 144-2004
5 assurance measures editor
(a), the implementation of engineering quality standards
1. System implementation standard inspection: national industry standard JG 149-2003 "External Thermal Insulation System of Expanded Polystyrene Board Thin Plaster External Wall"
2. The architectural structure atlas of this project conforms to10J121-1External Thermal Insulation Structure of Buildings (I) issued by the national industry.
3 existing national, local and industrial laws, regulations, norms and standards.
(2), inspection method
1, specifications and technical indicators of insulation board and steel wire mesh, and the use requirements of polymer mortar must meet the requirements of national norms and relevant standards.
Inspection method: check the factory certificate.
2, insulation board must be firmly bonded with the base surface, no loose and virtual adhesion phenomenon.
Inspection quantity: each floor shall be inspected once every 20M long (each floor shall be extended by 3m), but each floor shall be inspected at least three times.
Inspection method: observation and manual push-pull inspection.
3, polymer mortar and insulation board must be closely bonded, no stratification, empty drum. There is no ash explosion and crack on the surface.
Number of inspections: same as above. Inspection method: tap with a small hammer and observe the inspection.
4. General items:
A, the total bonding area between each quick insulation board and the base shall not be less than 30%;
Inspection quantity: check one place every 20M long according to the floor, but not less than 3 places, and check at least 2 pieces at each place.
B, check whether the interface agent has been brushed (sprayed) before applying special adhesive and polymer mortar.
The number of inspections is the same as above. Every place is not less than 8 o'clock. Inspection method: Observe and touch to check whether there is sticky feeling.
C, the expansion plug part of the engineering plastic fastener enters the structural wall not less than 50+/-5 ㎜.
Number of inspections: same as above. Not less than 4 sets in each place. Inspection method: Withdraw the self-tapping screw and observe the inspection.
D, insulation board joints without adhesive.
Number of inspections: same as above. Inspection method: observation and inspection
E, grid cloth should be placed horizontally, compact, can not have empty drum, folding, warping, the phenomenon such as exposure. Lap width should not be less than 100㎜, up and down should not be less than 80㎜.
Number of inspections: same as above. Inspection method: observation and ruler inspection.
F, polymer mortar protective layer thickness should not be greater than 4㎜, the first layer should not be greater than 5㎜.
Number of inspections: same as above. Inspection method: straightedge inspection.
Note: The inspection shall be carried out before the mortar sets.
5. General allowable deviation items
1) The allowable deviation of insulation board installation shall conform to the provisions in the table below.
2) Allowable deviation and inspection method of plate installation
3) Implement the national standard "Unified Standard for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Building Engineering" GB50300-200 1.
4) Brick facing shall comply with the General Conditions for Quality Acceptance of Building Decoration Engineering (GB502-200 1).
Seven, finished product protection
1) The remaining mortar such as door and window frames, drip tanks and pipes shall be cleaned in time.
2) When dismantling shelves, protective measures such as plastering insulation layer, doors, windows, holes, edges, corners and cribs must be prevented from being damaged. Other types of work shall not pollute and damage the wall, and it is forbidden to trample on windows and destroy edges and corners.
3) Each structural layer shall be protected from water impact and vibration before condensation and hardening, so as to ensure sufficient strength of each structural layer.
Safety assurance measures
8. 1 Fire safety measures
(1) Smoking is prohibited on the construction site, and a special smoking area is set up, and cigarette butts are not allowed to be thrown at will.
(2) Flammable and explosive articles should be stored in special warehouses, away from fire sources and heat sources. Iodine tungsten lamp is strictly prohibited in the warehouse, and high-pressure mercury lamp is used for lighting, with good indoor ventilation.
(3) It is forbidden to burn construction waste at the construction site.
(4) Each floor of the construction site is equipped with a fire extinguisher, which is obviously located and will not be replaced at will.
(5) Be familiar with the use of fire fighting equipment, and check it by special personnel to keep it in good condition.
8.2 electricity safety measures
(1) A special person shall be responsible for all electricity consumption, and it is forbidden to connect the power supply to non-electricians.
(2) Connect the power supply first, and then cut off the power supply. Live working is strictly prohibited.
(3) All wires shall adopt double-layer rubber sheath line. Wires shall be overhead and firmly erected, and shall not be tied to metal pipes or structures.
(4) Use air half-open or leakage switch to keep the plug and socket intact, and the electrical switch cannot be used for multiple purposes.
(5) Mechanical equipment and electrical equipment shall be reliably grounded, and shall not be operated with illness or overload. Hand-held electric tools should be kept in good condition and should be used safely.
8.3 Construction safety measures
(1) Safety helmet must be worn on the construction site, and slippers are not allowed to enter the construction site.
(2) When working high above the ground, wear non-slip shoes and fasten your seat belt. It is forbidden to walk along climbing objects without handrails.
(3) When using power tools, be careful, use proper methods, grasp and clamp the cutting parts firmly.
8.4 Collecting data
(1) Pay attention to data collection. Collect every data that needs to be collected from the beginning of construction, such as product certification, and don't wait until it is finally needed.
(2) Collect data in advance according to the quality acceptance regulations of the quality inspection station.
(3) The usual work contact list and reply should be in written form to form written materials.
(4) The written materials shall be stored in an orderly manner, properly kept and shall not be lost.
6 advantages and disadvantages of editing
1. External wall insulation form
Single material thermal insulation external wall: aerated concrete, sintered thermal insulation brick.
Composite thermal insulation external wall:
According to the different setting positions of thermal insulation materials, it can be divided into internal thermal insulation,
External wall insulation and sandwich insulation external wall. Insulation Decoration integrated plate
Others: thermal insulation blocks, etc.
2. External wall internal insulation technology
Thermal insulation in the wall is to place thermal insulation materials on the inner side of the outer wall.
Advantages:
1) The requirements for waterproof and weatherability of facing and thermal insulation materials are not very high, so gypsum board and plastering mortar can meet the use requirements, and the materials are convenient;
2) Internal thermal insulation materials are separated by floor slabs, and construction is only within a height range, without scaffolding;
3) In areas with hot summer and cold winter and hot summer and warm winter, internal insulation can meet the requirements;
4) For the energy-saving renovation of existing buildings, especially if it is difficult to unify the renovation of the whole building or the whole community after the house is sold to individuals, it is only possible to adopt internal insulation. Therefore, in recent years, external wall internal insulation has also been widely used.
Disadvantages:
1) Because of ring beam, floor slab, constructional column, etc. It will cause thermal bridge and large heat loss;
2) Due to material, structure, construction and other reasons, the facing layer is cracked;
3) it is inconvenient for users to carry out secondary decoration and hanging ornaments;
4) occupying indoor use space;
5) The energy-saving renovation of existing buildings will greatly interfere with the daily life of residents.
6) The wall is greatly influenced by the outdoor climate, and the temperature difference between day and night and between winter and summer is large, which is easy to cause the wall to crack.
3. Exterior wall sandwich insulation technology
Exterior wall sandwich insulation is to place insulation materials between the inner and outer wall sheets of the exterior wall, and the inner and outer wall sheets can use concrete hollow blocks.
Advantages:
1) can effectively protect the interior wall and thermal insulation materials, and has low requirements for the selection of thermal insulation materials, such as polystyrene, glass wool and urea-formaldehyde on-site casting materials;
2) The requirements for the construction season and conditions are not very high, which will not affect the winter construction. In Heilongjiang
, Inner Mongolia, northern Gansu and other cold areas have a certain degree of use.
Disadvantages:
1) In the non-severe cold area, this kind of wall is thicker than the traditional wall;
2) The inner and outer wall panels need to be connected by connectors, which is more complicated than the traditional wall;
3) There are many "thermal bridges" in the shell. In the earthquake area, there are many "thermal bridges" in the setting of ring beams and structural columns of buildings, and the efficiency of thermal insulation materials has not been fully exerted.
4) The external wall is greatly influenced by the outdoor climate, and the temperature difference between day and night and between winter and summer is large, which is easy to cause wall cracking and rainwater leakage.
7 Construction condition editing
1. Within 24 hours after construction, the ambient temperature of the construction site and the surface temperature of the wall base shall not be lower than 5℃, and the construction shall generally be carried out at 5-35℃.
2. The wind force shall not be greater than level 5.
3. The grassroots wall is dry.
4. Construction cannot be carried out in rainy days.
5. It is not allowed to construct on the wall in windy environment or under the condition of high temperature and direct sunlight in summer, so as to avoid capillary cracks caused by excessive water loss during construction.
6. Unhardened materials should be prevented from being directly affected by relatively harsh climatic conditions, especially by rain. Newly built walls should be protected if necessary.
7. Keep abreast of the weather in the next three days. If it rains, construction is strictly prohibited.
8. Technological requirements: There is no crossover operation in external wall construction.
9. Cleanliness requirements: The grass-roots wall surface must be completely cleared of floating ash, stains, release agent, hollowing, protrusions and weathering products that affect the bonding strength.
10. flatness and verticality requirements: check with a 2m ruler, and the maximum deviation should be less than 4mm；; Parts out of tolerance should be repaired.
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