Personal essay on the culture of the Ghost Festival

?Everyone knows what cultural customs there are during the Hungry Ghost Festival? Below is my "Personal Common Composition on the Culture of the Ghost Festival" for everyone. You are welcome to share it with your friends! A general personal essay on the culture of the Ghost Festival 1

?The Ghost Festival is commonly known as the Ghost Festival and the Half-July Festival, and in Buddhism it is called the Bon Festival. As a traditional folk festival, the name "Zhongyuan" originated from the Northern Wei Dynasty. It falls on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month and some on the 14th day of the seventh lunar month. Originally it was Xiaoqiu, when some crops were ripe. It was customary for the people to worship their ancestors and use new rice as offerings to report the harvest to their ancestors. Therefore, every family worships their ancestors during the Hungry Ghost Festival. Be polite when making offerings.

? On July 15th, people visit tombs and worship ancestors. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Taoism designated three festivals and five festivals. Among them, July 7th was the Taoist Festival, and it was accepted by the Zhonghui, the fixed Taoist government. School exam day. This ancestor worship date in July was later fixed on this day as Taoism set the birthday of the Zhongyuan local official and the corresponding sacrifice date on July 15th. Legend has it that all ghosts are released from the underworld on this day, and people generally carry out activities to worship ghosts. Whenever there is a new funeral, families usually visit new graves, and ghosts are usually sacrificed locally. Therefore, it is a festival centered on ghost worship, and it is the largest ghost festival among Chinese folk. On this day, everyone will put out Kongming lanterns and candles beside the road.

?I remember one time, my parents and I were watching the Kongming Lanterns on the street. But we looked left and right and didn't see the big Kongming Lantern, only the small Kongming Lantern, so I asked the owner of the canteen and found out that it was still in operation! There was no delivery, so we waited on the roadside! Finally, the big Kongming Lantern was made. The Kongming Lantern was just like before, with so many fireworks next to the Kongming Lantern. When it took off, the fireworks flew down to many places and frightened people into scattering. Although there were many large Kongming lanterns placed in succession, I was tired of seeing them. As we walked, we found many Kongming lanterns on the roadside, which made me jealous.

?So I asked my mother for money to buy Kongming lanterns. Unexpectedly, my mother readily agreed to my request, so I bought two Kongming lanterns, one red and one yellow, to put on campus. We first put a red one in, but we didn't know how to put it before it was full of heat. As a result, the Kongming lantern burned so darkly. We learned the lesson from last time. We waited until the air was full before letting the Kongming Lantern fly. I jumped three feet high like a successful child and shouted "Success, success".

?I had a very happy Hungry Ghost Festival. About the Ghost Festival Cultural Composition Personal Chapter 2

?Children of common people in Beijing make simple things and make lotus leaf lanterns, mugwort lanterns, eggplant lanterns, lotus pod lanterns, watermelon lanterns, and incense lanterns to fight Lights Entertainment. These are lamps that make people happy and have fun. The raw materials are easy to obtain, the production is simple, and they are quite childlike. Lotus leaf lanterns are the easiest to make. The children picked a lotus leaf with a long handle, put a small red candle in the center with a bamboo stick and burned it. It turned into an exquisite and beautiful lotus leaf lantern. It can be held in the sky street under the moon to participate in the lantern fight and hold the lantern along the street. Wandering around, the blue light shines like phosphorous fire. There are also children with "a green hijab with a lotus leaf". They put the lotus leaf on their head and put half of a small red wax stick on it to light it. They gathered in groups and ran all over the street playing games. The children shouted in unison. Said: "Lotus leaf lamp, lotus leaf lamp, light it today and throw it away tomorrow!". Just as the Zhuzhi poem in "Miscellaneous Odes of Dumen" says: Children also love the Mid-Autumn Festival, a green hijab with a lotus lantern.

?The "Beijing Zhuzhi Ci" written by Wenzhao of the Qing Dynasty says: "Visitors in the alleys are noisy at night, Zhuang Lianhada has the right front door. The autumn rivers around the city are full of lanterns, and the Chinese Yuan Dynasty tonight is like the Shangyuan Yuan." Shining on the Buddhist bowl Judging from the etiquette of the Lantern Festival, releasing river lanterns is just a small program and does not seem to be very important. Among the folk activities of the Ghost Festival, lighting lanterns is a relatively important activity. River lanterns are also called "lotus lanterns". There are many forms of lotus lanterns. They are usually lotus flowers made of colored paper, with half an eggplant as a support at the bottom, and a lighted candle inserted in the center to make it float on the water.

Others use watermelons, pumpkins and kohlrabi halves, hollow out the center, insert lighted candles into them, and send them to the river. The lights will naturally float down the water, forming a line of "water lanterns". The waves are rippling, as bright as stars, flowing into the distance in the breeze. The upper and lower lights reflect the reflection in the river, moving slowly, creating a wonderful scene. At that time, lanterns were placed wherever there were rivers, canals and lakes. For example: Jishuitan, Shichahai, and the second gate of the canal. The most popular one is Shuiguan, followed by Paozi River. Tourists gathered together, and there was almost no room for standing upright. Some people were squeezed into the water, which shows the grand occasion at that time. The purpose of placing river lanterns is to purify the souls. If there is a soul holding a river lantern on this day. The road from the underworld to the human world is very dark, and it is impossible to see the road without a lamp. So putting up a lamp is a good deed.

?Wang Kaitai served as governor of Fujian from 1870 to 1875. He wrote in "Reflections on the Ghost Festival": "The Taoist temple purifies the ghosts, and the original Yu Lan ancient meaning remains. But it is the red paper that is to blame. "Posting on the door, Roshan, wine and sea celebrate the Chinese New Year." From the first day of July, Fuzhou people provide meals to widows, widowers, the elderly, the weak, the sick, and beggars. This is called "Yangshe". On July 15th, they also go to the river. Putting out river lanterns and pouring porridge to help lonely ghosts is called "Yin Shi", and these two activities together are called "Yin Shi Yangshe". On the day of the Zhongyuan Festival, Taoists set up a "Puli" dojo and held a ceremony to celebrate the Christmas of Emperor Qingxu, the official who pardoned sins during the Zhongyuan Festival. In the Taoist temple, incense and candles are burned, local official tablets are enshrined, and "The Jade Emperor's Forgiveness of Sins" is recited loudly. On this day, rituals are also performed to save the souls of the dead. Set up a tent and set up an altar in the main hall. Set up a sutra case and an offering table on the altar, and place various ritual objects such as paper-made boats. A portrait of Taiyi, the God of Sound and Rescue from Suffering, is hung on the altar. A blue satin embroidered banner gate and gate are hung in front. Banners are used to build Zidu Taoist temple to make "day and night merits". The local people nearby brought pigs and sheep, soju, rice, pastries, cakes, cigarettes, and fruit sacrifices such as grapefruit, banana, pineapple, and fresh ginger to worship the gods, dead souls, and lonely souls. The offerings are piled up to a height of three to four feet, which is called "Pairou Mountain".

?The offerings are all decorated with triangular paper flags, with words such as "Shine the Yinguang", "Worship the Yinguang" or "Celebrate the Zhongyuan" written on them. There are also red door couplets pasted on the doors of every house, most of them. Write these words as well. In addition to making offerings, common people also fire cannons and pray to atone for the sins of their ancestors and to free the deceased. At four o'clock in the afternoon, after the ashram was completed, the sacrificial shed and the dharma boat were burned. In the evening, we offer food in iron pots and recommend the ancestors who have emerged in this temple to save the lonely souls in the Nine Netherworlds and Ten Prisons and the sufferings of the four lives and six realms. After finishing the sacrifice, the Taoist priests in the Taoist temple and the people who came to help had a big meal, which was also done in every household. It was called "Sanfu".

About the Ghost Festival Cultural Composition Personal Chapter 3

?In the morning, the "ringing" sound of the alarm clock "awoke" me from my sweet dream. I rubbed my sleepy eyes and accidentally read I looked at the calendar and saw that today is August 24th. There are also three words "Hungry Ghost Festival" marked below. "Hungry Ghost Festival"? I have never heard of it. In order to satisfy my curiosity, I asked my mother what is the "Hungry Ghost Festival"? My mother told me Me: The Ghost Festival is a day for people to commemorate their ancestors. Oh, that’s it, I suddenly realized: No wonder my mother often folds ingots recently!

By noon, we were all busy: I was responsible for folding paper, My father and mother were responsible for cooking. I came to the table (there were papers that I should fold today), oh, my God! I didn’t know it until I saw it. I was shocked when I saw that there were 3 pieces of paper on the table. cm thick, without further ado, I started working immediately. I followed the quick method my father taught me: first take out some paper, divide them into several equal parts, then roll them up, flatten them, and finally put them one by one. Just pull it out and it's fine. After thirty minutes, I folded the paper and my mother's side was ready. I helped my mother lay out the food, dishes and chopsticks, and my father took a branch and an old face that could withstand the heat. basin, then light the candle, and everything is ready.

?Dad first took out a piece of paper from the paper pile, lit it, placed one in front of the door, and then used the other to start the fire and put it on the old face In the basin, after the fire started, Dad put two bundles of paper in the old washbasin. After a while, the paper burned to ashes. Dad put the ingot into the old washbasin. After 3 minutes, the ingot was burned out. When the fire went out, we quickly kowtowed. After kowtowing, I blew out the candles, Dad took away the old washbasin and dumped it, and we put the table away again.

?Hungry Ghost Festival It is a day to worship ancestors. We must not forget: without the diligence of our ancestors, we would not be able to live the happy and beautiful life we ??have today! About the Ghost Festival Cultural Composition Personal General Chapter 4

?July 15th Ghost Festival Festival, known as Ghost Festival.

?In fact, from the first day of the seventh lunar month to the thirtieth day of the seventh lunar month are the days when the door of ghosts is wide open. Folklore believes that during this period there will be many lonely souls wandering in the underworld.

?The Hungry Ghost Festival is a day that the Chinese attach great importance to. Every year on the Hungry Ghost Festival, there are many grand gatherings to worship and worship.

?This Ghost Festival is also the largest and most expensive among many Chinese festivals.

?The Hungry Ghost Festival is also the Buddhist "Ollan Festival". Regarding the Yulan Festival, there has always been a story among the people that Mulian saved his mother. In other words, Mulian's mother Liu Qingjie was sent to hell.

?Mu Lian used his supernatural power to see his mother falling into the evil ghost realm. She had a big belly and a small throat. She could not eat and was very hungry. When he saw this, he took the rice to feed his mother, but as soon as the rice was in his mouth, it was burnt to ashes.

?Mulien felt extremely sad and asked Sakyamuni to rescue him. Sakyamuni told him that his mother's sins were so serious that he must use a basin with a list of various delicacies and offer them to the monks in order to relieve the pain of his mother's hanging upside down.

?Finally, he helped his mother escape from the pain of hanging upside down. Therefore, future generations should keep in mind that on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month every year, they will give Ullambana pots to the Buddha and the Sangha to repay their parents for their kindness in raising them.

?Chinese communities will start to pray during this month, and some places will hold Pudu prayers. The Bon Festival is the second largest Chinese festival after the Lunar New Year.

During the July Ghost Festival, it is not difficult to see altars set up for worship in open spaces on the streets and in temples. Some larger sacrifices will worship the ghost king. The Ghost King is also called the Pudu King, and is said to be the incarnation of Guanyin.

?Different regions have different ways of worshiping. Private worship is worship at a person's home. Jiepu is an individual choice of day to worship. Shipu is a large-scale Pudu with the market as the main body.

?On July 30th, the gate of hell is closed, and the one-month Zhongyuan period ends like this. About the Ghost Festival Culture Composition Personal Chapter 5

?The Ghost Festival, also known as the "July Festival" or the Bon Festival, is one of the three major ghost festivals.

Zhongyuan Festival is a Taoist term. The name "Zhongyuan" originated from the Northern Wei Dynasty. In some places, it is commonly known as "Ghost Festival" and "Shigu". It is also called the Day of the Dead and the Half of July. According to records in ancient books: "The Taoist Scriptures use the fifteenth day of the first lunar month as the upper yuan, the fifteenth day of July as the middle yuan, and the fifteenth day of October as the lower yuan." The Zhongyuan Festival is related to New Year's Eve, Qingming Festival, and Double Ninth Festival (except, Qing Dynasty). , 9) and other three festivals are the four major festivals for worshiping ancestors in traditional Chinese festivals. "Tao Zang" records: "On the day of the Zhongyuan Dynasty, local officials searched and selected people to distinguish good and evil... During their day and night, they lectured and recited this sutra, and the great sages of the ten directions chanted the spiritual chapter together. The hungry ghosts who were prisoners were freed at that time." Folks mostly miss their loved ones on this festival and send good wishes for the future.

?Taoist festivals can correspond to traditional folk books and are mainly based on the same cosmology: the three realms of heaven, earth and water are deified into the three realms of government offices governed by the officials of heaven, officials of earth and officials of water. The popular name "Three Realms Gods" refers to the gods of the three realms in general. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China, Tianshi Dao had integrated the cosmology of the previous Taoist period. For the first time, the "three official handwritten letters" were required to be thrown into the sky, the earth, and the water to express repentance of sins to the three officials and pray for peace. After the development of the Six Dynasties, the Three Meeting Days were combined with the Three Yuan thoughts. Officially advocated by the Tang Dynasty, the Three Yuan Days of Shangyuan, Zhongyuan, Xiayuan, etc. were finalized and became a day to pray to Emperor Xuanyuan (Tai Shang Laojun, Laozi). ), the emperor led hundreds of officials to participate in the festival ceremony. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, it has become a folk festival.

?The fifteenth day of the first lunar month is called the Shangyuan Festival by the Han people, which is a celebration of the Lantern Festival. Eat cold food to commemorate the sage. Six personal articles about the culture of the Ghost Festival

?1. The origin of the Ghost Festival

?1. The name "Zhongyuan" originated from the Northern Wei Dynasty and is a Taoist term. According to records in ancient books: The Taoist Scriptures regard the fifteenth day of the first lunar month as "Shangyuan", the day when heavenly officials give blessings; the fifteenth day of July as "Zhongyuan", the day when local officials forgive sins; and the fifteenth day of October as "Xiayuan", To relieve misfortune for water officials. According to the "Book of Practice": "On the first day of the seventh lunar month, the local officials came down to determine the good and evil in the world. The Taoist priests chanted sutras at night, and the prisoners of the Hungry Festival were also liberated." Therefore, on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month, people will Prepare rich sacrifices to worship local officials, emperors and ancestors.

?2. The Ghost Festival is the product of the combination of Taoism and traditional Chinese folk customs. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China, Tianshi Dao had integrated the cosmology of the previous Taoist period. The first pass required "handwritten letters from the three officials", which were thrown into the sky, the earth, and the water respectively to express repentance of sins to the three officials and pray for peace. After the development of the Six Dynasties, the Three Meeting Days were combined with the Three Yuan thoughts. Under the official promotion of the Tang Dynasty, the Three Yuan Days such as Shangyuan, Zhongyuan, and Xiayuan were finalized and became the three days for praying for good luck and worshiping ancestors and gods. On the Yuan Festival, the emperor led hundreds of officials to participate in festival ceremonies. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, Three Yuan Day became a folk festival.

?3. During the Hungry Ghost Festival, Taoist temples, such as Di’anmen Fire Temple and Baiyun Temple outside Xibianmen, etc., hold “Prayer for Good Luck and Auspiciousness” every year in order to pray for “good weather, peace and prosperity for the country and the people”. Because of the fear of evil, people combined Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism in their daily lives. They called the Ghost Festival on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month and the seventh month of the lunar calendar as the "Ghost Month."

?2. Taboos of the Ghost Festival

?1. Do not address your name directly. Do not wear clothes embroidered with your name at night to prevent your soul from being possessed. In addition, it is best to avoid Call other people by their first names, otherwise good friends will take the opportunity to take away their souls if they hear it. At the same time, if you hear someone calling your name, don't turn around or respond immediately.

?2. Don’t pat others on the shoulder. From a spiritual point of view, there are three fires on the human body, one on the head and two shoulders. Therefore, it is best not to pat others on the head casually during the Ghost Moon. Shoulder-length, so as not to extinguish the fire on him and give the good brothers an opportunity to take advantage.

?3. Do not whistle, beware your good brother likes you; when passing the cemetery, keep saying "Sorry for disturbing you!" and remain solemn and do not whistle to show respect for your good brother.

?4. Do not play in dangerous waters. According to legend, "water ghosts" will find someone to be a scapegoat in order to reincarnate.

?5. Do not eat the sacrifices secretly and compete with ghosts for food, for fear of encountering bad luck. About the Ghost Festival Cultural Composition Personal Chapter 7

?1. The origin of the Ghost Festival

?The Ghost Festival, New Year's Eve, Qingming Festival, and Double Ninth Festival are also known as the four traditional Chinese festivals On this festival, people often remember their loved ones and send good wishes for the future. The Ghost Festival, also known as the "Ghost Festival" or "Obon Festival", falls on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month every year, and sometimes on the 14th day of the seventh lunar month. It is said that on the Hungry Ghost Festival, the lonely ghosts in the underworld will be released. In order to commemorate their ancestors and worship local officials, people in the upper world will prepare rich sacrifices, burn incense and paper, and worship these people from the underworld. of ancestors.

?The Taoist Ghost Festival is both a Taoist religious festival and a folk festival. When Taoism first began, there was worship of the three officials. The prestige of Zhengyi League is believed in the three officials, namely Tianguan, Diguan and Shuiguan, henceforth called the Three Officials Great Emperor. They each have their own responsibilities. The Heavenly Officer blesses the Shangyuan, the Earthly Official pardons the Zhongyuan, and the Shuiguan calls the Lower Yuan to relieve misfortunes. The Taoist book says that during these three days, the three officials will examine human merits and crimes to determine rewards and punishments. Among them, the local officials are in charge of the underworld. Of course, the focus of inspection is the various ghosts. So on this day, all the ghosts will leave the underworld and take the exam. On this day, Taoists routinely set up altars to celebrate the birthdays of local officials. At the same time, believers also contribute money to set up fasts to pray for the blessings of their ancestors, and to ask the local officials to forgive their sins and ascend to heaven early. This is the main reason why the Hungry Ghost Festival has become a folk festival.

?The Hungry Ghost Festival is a product of local culture. It existed during the reign of Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty and matured in the Song Dynasty. Officially advocated by the Tang Dynasty, the Three Yuan Days such as Shangyuan, Zhongyuan, and Xiayuan were finalized and became the Three Yuan Festivals to pray to Emperor Xuanyuan (Tai Shang Laojun and Laozi). The emperor led hundreds of officials to participate in the festival ceremony. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, it has become a folk festival.

?2. Customs of the Ghost Festival

?Every July, grand celebrations will be held among the people. They can be held all over the country, whether in commercial areas or HDB areas. When I saw the red fortune-telling paper to celebrate Zhongyuan, I decorated it with lanterns and colorful decorations, and set up an altar to honor the gods. The "Pudu" ceremony is the most important part of the Ghost Festival. It can be roughly divided into street Pu, market Pu, temple Pu, etc. Pudu that is mainly based on neighborhoods is called "Jiepu", and Pudu that is based on market is called "Jiepu". "Shipu", the Pudu who is the abbot of the temple is called "Miaopu". Pudu is usually centered around a temple, and nearby residents bring offerings to the temple to offer sacrifices. Many people also place offering tables in front of their homes, display offerings, and hang paper lanterns under the eaves.

?Ancestor worship is one of the customs of the Hungry Ghost Festival. The Hungry Ghost Festival falls on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month, so it is referred to as "July 15th" for worshiping ancestors. However, the worship ceremony is usually held in the evening before the end of July, and is not limited to a specific day. On ordinary days, ancestors are worshiped, and the ancestors' tablets are generally not touched. When it is time to offer sacrifices, the ancestors’ tablets should be taken out one by one and placed respectfully on the table specially used for worship. Then, incense should be placed in front of each ancestor’s tablet. Every morning, Tea and rice will be served three times at noon and dusk until they are sent back on July 30th. Those who have portraits of their ancestors should also be asked to hang them up. When worshiping, people kowtow to each ancestor in order of generation and age, pray silently, and ask their ancestors to bless them with safety and happiness.

?When sending it back, it should be done after the blackout. Usually the head of the family and the men in the family will bring firecrackers, paper money, and incense candles, find a secluded flat land by the river or pond, and sprinkle a circle with lime. , indicating a restricted area. Then pour some water and rice in the circle, burn some paper money and clothes, which are called "wrapped clothes", and set off firecrackers to send the ancestors on their way to the "underworld".

?Nowadays, the customary ancestor worship ceremony of the Hungry Ghost Festival has been simplified. In most areas, the ancestor worship ceremony begins on the evening of the 15th or 14th day of the seventh lunar month. Ancestor worship rituals have also been simplified, and superstitious colors have been gradually removed, while the form of sacrifice has been retained as a memory and commemoration of ancestors.

?3. Ghost Festival customs in various parts of my country

?Hebei Province: Nanpi County carries fruits, preserved meat, wine, money, etc. to ancestors’ graveyards on July 15th to offer sacrifices. sweep. And holding the grain to the field stalks is called "recommending new things". During the Ghost Festival in Guangping County, people worship their ancestors with fresh food, and prepare fruits, vegetables, and steamed sheep to give to their grandchildren, which is called "giving sheep."

On the 15th day of the seventh lunar month in Qinghe County, people visit the graves to offer sacrifices and present steamed noodle sheep to their daughters.

?Shanxi Province: Scholars in Yonghe County worship Kuixing on this day. Shepherds in Changzi County slaughter sheep to compete with the gods on the Hungry Ghost Festival. According to folklore, this can increase sheep production. Meats were also given to relatives. Those who were poor and had no sheep would be replaced by steamed noodles in the shape of sheep. Farmers in Yangcheng County make wheat scraps into the shapes of cats, tigers and grains and offer sacrifices in the fields, which is called "Xingtian". During the Ghost Festival in Mayi County, people make wheat noodles into the shapes of children, named "moodle people", and give them to each other's relatives' children. Farmers in Xin County hang five-color paper on field stems during the Ghost Festival. Guangxi Province: Yangshan people regard July 14th as the Mulian Festival. They kill many ducks to worship their ancestors. There are no pedestrians on the road that day, which is called "hide ghosts".

Henan Province: When Zhongyuan worshiped local officials in Shangqiu County, paper flags were hung at the door. Legend has it that they can prevent insects. Kite flying during the Ghost Festival in Mengjin County. On the 15th day of the seventh lunar month in Qixian County, a circle of ash is drawn in front of the door and paper balls are burned inside the circle to worship ancestors. Shandong Province: Changdao fishermen made small boats out of wooden rafts, and put a note on them "for ××" or a memorial tablet for those who drowned in the sea. They then loaded them with food, clothing, shoes and socks, and then lit candles. The married man puts the boat into the sea. Families in Zhanhua County collect hemp and fresh grass leaves to build a shed, called a "hemp house", and place ancestor tablets in it for worship. Duling County calls the Hungry Ghost Festival the Festival of Pinch-mouth, and every family eats simple meals.

Shaanxi Province: Lintong County burns paper to honor Magu on July 15th. The farmers' party on the Ghost Festival in Chenggu County is called "hanging hoe". Farmers go to the fields on the morning of the Ghost Festival, select the highest and densest rice ears, and hang five-color paper flags, called "field banners."

?Jiangsu Province: Residents of Wu County fold tin foil into ingots during the Ghost Festival and burn them along the road, which is called "making a ghost bond". There is a kind of paper ghost popular in various places in Yizheng County, with bowls and lanterns inside. There are gamblers, drunkards, old officials and so on. Four boats are put into the river during the Hungry Ghost Festival in Yixing County, one with flame mouths, one with Buddha chanting, one with burning tinfoil ingots, and one with river lanterns. Villagers in Dong County eat pan food on this day, which is a dustpan-shaped food made of flour and sugar. When river lanterns are released in Shanghai, red and green paper lanterns are dotted at the stern of the boat, called "du".

?Sichuan Province: It is customary in Sichuan Province to burn rice paper to worship ancestors during the Zhongyuan Festival. That is, a stack of paper money is sealed into a small envelope, with the name and title of the recipient written on it, the number of envelopes received, and the name and time of the person who converted the silk into silk. It is said that on July 15th, the gate of hell is closed, and every family must "give away their children". People in Chengdu area use paper to tie "flower trays", put paper money and fruits on them, hold them in their hands, and walk around the house while chanting: "close relatives and friends, neighbors, original residents, dead souls who are still reluctant to go back, all the lonely souls in the wild Ghosts, please put the flowers on the plate and send them back to Luo!" After saying this, they were burned outside the house.

Zhejiang Province: Jiashan County takes rain on the Ghost Festival as a sign of a good rice harvest. People in Tonglu County blow gongs and scatter rice in the fields on the night of the Ghost Festival, which is called "giving food". At the Bon Festival in eastern Zhejiang, 24 old ladies were invited to "walk the Eight Knots" while chanting sutras. During the Hungry Ghost Festival on the rooftop, we eat "dumplings", which are similar to spring rolls. There is also the custom of placing street lights, with six strong men in a group: one person beats the gong, one person plays the clapper, one person carries the lantern, one person spreads salt and rice along the way, one person places incense candles (inserted on a piece of sweet potato or taro) along the way, and one person along the way. Arrange a piece of tofu and a rice ball (placed on a large leaf), and set up offerings about every hundred or so steps.

?Jiangxi Province: People in Ji'an burn paper during the Ghost Festival, but pregnant women are prohibited from origami. It is said that the paper ingots folded by pregnant women cannot be picked up by ghosts after being burned, and there is no benefit in sending them to the underworld. When setting off the flames, the mage threw buns and fruits to the audience. Legend has it that if a woman grabs a bun, she will have a son the next year. If a child grabs the bun, he will not be frightened in his life. Anyuan County worships ancestors by burning incense and making tea on July 12th, offering offerings in the morning and evening. On the 15th night, Chu clothes and crowns were burned and paper money was given as a sacrifice.

?Fujian: During the Hungry Ghost Festival in Yongfu County, married women must go home to worship their ancestors. Fuzhou dialect calls the Zhongyuan Festival "Burning Paper and Clothes Festival". A married daughter prepares her parents' clothes, robes, and wats, puts them in a box, wraps it in a gauze cage, and calls it a "gauze box" to send to her parents' home. During the Zhongyuan period in central Fujian, there was a custom of universal celebration, which must be held in both urban and rural areas, and the funds were collected door-to-door. Even extremely poor families will try their best to raise money to cope. There is a proverb: "If Purdue does not provide money, the plague is at hand. If Purdue does not contribute, the short master will come to take care of it." During the Pudu, there will also be performances by the disciples' band.

?Guangdong Province: The Yi people of Qujiang County worship their ancestors and the dog-headed king on July 15th, and entertain the gods with little boys and girls wearing colorful clothes, singing and dancing. The people of Guishan County regard July 14th as the Hungry Ghost Festival. It is said that because the soldiers of the Yuan Dynasty went south, in order to avoid the disaster, they celebrated the festival one day early. Chenghai County celebrates ancestors and the kitchen god during the Ghost Festival. In the Zhongyuan Dynasty of Deqing Prefecture, winter leaves were wrapped in flour and made into cakes called "Qiaoqiao" to worship ancestors. In ancient times, when feeding orphans in Chaoyang County, wealthy families would buy rakes, waterwheels, and even girls from poor families, write them on pieces of paper, and scatter the pieces of paper when feeding. Those who cannot afford to buy farm tools or marry a wife can receive it by voucher.

?Yunnan Province: After worshiping their ancestors, the Tengyue people burned the bag and carved a cucumber into the shape of a boat, called a "cucumber boat", and burned it together with the bag.