Just like the strong wind in spring, it blows at night and blows open the petals of 10 thousand pear trees.

Suddenly, it was like a spring breeze blowing overnight, as if thousands of trees and pears were in full bloom.

This poem is about sending snow. In the 13th year of Tianbao (754), Cen Can went to the frontier fortress again, and served as Feng Changqing, the Northwest Hospital of An. Wu is still his predecessor. Write this poem and send him back to Beijing. "Cen Can brothers are curious" (Du Fu's into the pit), so when reading this poem, don't ignore a "strange" word everywhere.

This poem begins with a sudden surprise. Flying snow spreads news before snow is the spirit of flying snow, and the so-called "pen is not swallowed up". Heavy snow will come with the wind, and the beauty of the word "the north wind rolls the ground" lies in seeing snow in the wind. "White grass", according to Yan Shigu's annotation in The Biography of the Western Regions in Hanshu, is a kind of grass name in the northwest, and Wang Xianqian's supplementary annotation shows that it is tenacious. However, frost grass is brittle and can be broken (if it is spring grass, it cannot be "broken" when it is pitched with the wind). "White grass bends over" means that the wind is fierce again. It is crisp in August and autumn, and it snows all over the sky in the north. The word "and eight In the snow across the sky of Tatar" vividly describes a strange surprised tone of southerners.

It's bitter and cold outside the Great Wall. The north wind blew and it snowed heavily. The poet's Spring Breeze makes pear flowers bloom, which is very novel and appropriate compared with the North Wind, which makes snowflakes fly. The word "suddenly like" is beautifully written, which not only shows the variety of "Hu Tian", but also shows the poet's surprise and curiosity. The magnificent artistic conception of "blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees" is quite romantic. Southerners have seen pear blossoms in full bloom. Snow-white flowers are not only one by one, but also a mass, much like the scene of snow pressing the winter forest. The spring breeze blows pears, and there are even thousands of trees. Reduplicated rhetoric shows the prosperity and magnificence of the scene. "Full of gas, touching it like a flower" (Chun Xue in Oriental Autumn) also uses flowers to describe snow, which is equally ingenious, but this poem should be divided into three points regardless of pride and curiosity. The poet compares the spring scenery with the winter scenery, especially the southern spring scenery with the northern winter scenery, which makes people forget the strange cold, feel happy and warm inside, and is amazing in the creation of ideas and environment. There is an idiom-"A wonderful hand rejuvenating" to comment on this famous saying about snow.

After a beautiful start in writing about the snow scene in the wild, the poem pen was written from account to account. Pieces of flying "flowers" floated in, entered the room through the curtains, and slowly melted on the curtains ... The word "bead curtain, wet silk curtain" connects the preceding with the following, changing naturally and calmly, and the object is nuanced. The influence of "white snow" intruded into the room. If it is in the south, it will explode if you put on the fox fur, but here the fox fur is not warm, and even the soft brocade is only thin. An edge general who can "break five-quarter arc" can't open an angle bow; Usually it is "iron armor that stays up all night", but at this time it is "iron clothes are hard to protect". Two sentences and general Duhu (the governor of the town near Duhu) said, understand each other. These four sentences, some people think, show the bitter and cold life of soldiers in the border area. Who says they're not? But as far as the theme of Bai Xuege is concerned, it is mainly through people's feelings and various events that are regarded as abnormal by southerners to write about the strange cold weather and the power of snow. This is really Snow White's hymn. It is concrete and realistic to write cold through people's feelings, and it has not become an abstract concept. The poet relishes the strange cold, which makes people feel fresh and interesting. This is another manifestation of the poet's "curious" character.

The scene moved out of the tent again and extended to the vast desert and the vast sky: the vast sand sea, snow and ice everywhere; Snow presses the winter clouds, thick and dense. Although the snow is suspended, it seems that the weather will not improve in the short term. "The sand sea deepens the ice depth, the clouds are bleak, and Wan Li condenses", and two sentences draw a magnificent snow scene in Sasai with exaggerated pen and ink, which arranges a typical farewell environment for Judge Wu's Return to Beijing. It is difficult to travel long distances in such cold and bad weather. The word "sadness" vaguely implies parting.

So I wrote about buying wine and drinking other things in Zhang Zhongjun (the commander's camp). If the above is mainly about singing snow, the following is to write farewell with snow as the background. The sentence "Let's play other barbarian pipa, guitar and harp", juxtaposing the three instruments without writing the score itself, seems rather clumsy, but it can indirectly convey a scene of worrying about the complicated strings and the meaning of "always closing the mountain and feeling different". These marginal instrumental music can touch the sender's homesickness and have a different flavor than farewell. Writing a banquet left a deep impression on readers, but there were not many ink drops, which also showed that the author divided the primary and secondary details in the pen according to the meaning of the topic.

It was dusk and it was snowing heavily when the guests were sent out of the military gate. At this time, I saw a strange sight: although the wind was blowing hard, the red flag on the Yuanmen did not move-it had been frozen by snow and ice. This vivid and unusual detail once again vividly shows that the weather is extremely cold. The white snow is a little bright red on the background, and the warm color and cool color on the screen make the whole realm whiter and colder; The still image of snowflakes flying in the air makes the whole picture more vivid. This is another wonderful stroke in the poem.

Take the passengers to the intersection, which is the east gate of Luntai. Although reluctant, it is time to break up after all. How can we get to the highway when the snow closes the mountain? The road turns to the peak, pedestrians disappear in the snow, and the poet is still watching affectionately. These last few words are extremely moving, and they become the perfect ending of this poem, which is also the well-known opening. What was he thinking when he looked at the horseshoe prints left in the snow? Do you miss this traveler, worry about when the long road to the mountains will end, or be disappointed with the uncertainty of your return date? There are endless feelings at the end, and the artistic conception is similar to the ancient poem "Step out of the east gate of the city and look at Jiangnan Road in the distance". An old friend went there in the snowstorm the day before yesterday. Famous sentences are similar, but they are more effective at the junction of poetry.

Full of whimsy is the main feature of this poem (which can well reflect the poet's creative personality). With keen observation and sensibility, the author captures the wonders of the frontier fortress, reproduces the magnificent natural scenery of the frontier fortress with vigorous brushwork, such as waving a lot of wine (such as Hanhai), sketching details (such as Our Frozen Red Flag Can't Fly in the Wind), realistic and vivid description, and romantic and wonderful imagination (such as Sudden Love), which is full of rich frontier fortress. The whole poem is full of strong subjective feelings, praising the natural scenery and showing sincere friendship in a timely manner. Poetry is rich in connotation, distinctive and unique in artistic conception, and has a strong artistic appeal. The language of the poem is clear and beautiful, and with the cooperation of rhyming changes and alternating scenes, it forms ups and downs of rhythm and melody. A poem, when two sentences turn to rhyme, or four sentences turn to rhyme, the scene must be updated: the beginning of the poem begins with a sharp voice, which matches the picture of the snow; Then the rhyme is soft and soothing, and then the beauty of "spring blossoms" appears; The following turns sluggish and astringent, and there is bitter cold in the army; ..... When the four sentences gradually come to a slow end, a horseshoe-shaped mark gradually drifts in the picture, which makes people's lower back weak. Sion has an excellent overall cooperation and deserves the reputation of "sound painting".

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Li Shangyin was a great poet as famous as Du Mu in the late Tang Dynasty. But in terms of influence on later generations, he surpassed Du Mu. An important contribution of Li Shangyin in the history of poetry is to creatively enrich the lyric art of poetry. In his poetry creation, he often constructs a beautiful image with hidden feelings and beautiful scenery with clear pronunciation and mellow voice and beautiful sentences. The most representative work of this style is his Seven-character Law, among which Untitled (mostly seven-character close style) is the most typical. The title of the poem "Untitled" is the creation of Li Shangyin. This kind of poem is not written in one place and one time, but mostly describes love, and its content is called "untitled" because it is inconvenient to express clearly or because it is difficult to express it with an appropriate topic. Some of them may not have their own sustenance, or they may have the ability to love. Although many scholars have made textual research on this, before there is conclusive evidence to prove that they have their sustenance or what they really rely on, they should be regarded as ordinary love poems based on the artistic conception formed by poetic images, which does not hinder the understanding of their artistic value. The following "Untitled" is a masterpiece of expressing love:

It was a long time ago that I met her, but since we separated, the time has become longer, the east wind is blowing, and a hundred flowers are blooming.

Silkworms in spring will weave until they die, and candles will drain the wick every night.

In the morning, she saw her hair cloud changing in the mirror, but she bravely faced the cold of the moonlight with her evening song.

There are not many roads to Pengshan. Oh, Bluebird, listen! -Give me what she said! .

This poem expresses the love psychology in a feminine style. It contains burning desire and persistence in sorrow, and its emotional realm is profound and rich.

The first two sentences are about the unfortunate experience of love and the mood of the lyric hero: because of some power, it is difficult for a pair of lovers to meet each other, and the pain of separation is unbearable for her. The "don't" in the first sentence does not mean that we say goodbye now, but refers to the established forced separation. The word "difficult", the first refers to the difficulty of meeting, and the second is pain and embarrassment. In previous poems, some sentences such as "It's a piece of cake to meet difficulties" (Ge Yanxing by Cao Pi) and "It's a piece of cake to meet difficulties" (Hugh by Ding Du by Song Wudi) all emphasize the difficulty of reunion and lament the pain of parting. Li Shangyin went further from here, saying that "seeing each other late" means "parting is also difficult"-it is difficult to give up and the pain is unbearable. The poet used the word "difficult" twice in one sentence, and the appearance of the second word "difficult" gave people a slight sense of suddenness because of repetition, which made the whole poem interlocking and made the parting pain of reunion after a long separation particularly profound and lingering because of the low expression; This sentimental modality is not easy to understand in such a straightforward narrative as "Don't be easy to get". This lyric hero is already so sad, but facing the scenery in late spring, of course, it makes her sad. In late spring, the east wind is weak, flowers bloom and fall, and the beautiful spring is about to pass away. There is nothing that human beings can do about it. Their own misfortunes and mental pains are like flowers that wither with the passage of spring, because beautiful things are destroyed, which makes people feel endless disappointment and regret! The phrase "the east wind rises and a hundred flowers blossom" not only describes the natural environment, but also reflects the poet's state of mind. Things blend with me, and the mind and nature reach a subtle fit. This kind of description that reflects people's situation and feelings with scenery is common in Li Shangyin's works. For example, the first two sentences of "A note to friends in the north on a rainy night" say: "Jun asked that the return date is undecided, and the rain rose in the autumn pool in the evening." The second sentence not only symbolizes that the poet stays in Bashu, but also reflects the boredom of leaving. For example, in "And the East Wind Has Arised, Let a Hundred Flowers Bloom", realism and symbolism are integrated into one, giving feelings a tangible external form, which is usually called the lyrical way of feeling in the scene.

In a few words, it is more tortuous to write the feelings of "seeing each other late" and "inseparable". The word "silk" in "Spring silkworms must weave until they die" is homophonic with "thinking". You miss each other like silkworms until you die. "And the candle will cry the wick every night" is a metaphor for the endless pain of not being together, as if the candle burned to ashes and the wax tears ran out. Miss more than, showing deep attachment, but will spend a lifetime in miss, but it also shows that meeting is indefinite and the future is hopeless. Therefore, his own pain will accompany him all his life. However, although the future is hopeless, she loves it to death and will be attached to it all her life; Despite the pain, there is only patience. Therefore, in these two sentences, there are both disappointed sadness and pain, as well as lingering and burning persistence and pursuit. Pursuit is hopeless, and we still have to pursue it in hopelessness, so this pursuit is also pessimistic. These feelings seem to circulate endlessly, and it is difficult to find the end; It seems to have formed a multi-faceted solid, and light can't see the whole picture from one angle. The poet successfully expressed such a complicated psychological state with only two metaphors, which shows that his association is very rich. The phrase "Spring Silkworm" is first of all the association between the lingering attachment of human beings and the endless spinning of spring silkworms, and then from the spinning of silkworms to the ending of "death" and then to the unswerving love of human beings. So writing "silk to death" gives this image various metaphorical meanings. "Silkworm should not be old (no, it means' ignoring' here), and it often wears silk day and night. What a pity! When you are exhausted, it is time to be lingering. " The intention is similar to the sentence of "Spring Silkworm" in Untitled. The idea of "how to be tired" of spring silkworms here is a kind of idea of "lingering has its own time", and its future is quite promising. The phrase "spring silkworm" in Untitled is not like this. As far as its pursuit spirit is concerned, its pursuit is hopeless, but it doesn't care if there is hope. Different emotional realms make associations more tortuous. In the Yuefu before Li Shangyin, it was not uncommon to compare burning candles with suffering. For example, "Thinking of you is like a candle, frying in the middle of the night" (Wang Rong's "Gentleman Coming Out"), "Thinking of you is like a candle, frying in tears for a thousand lines" (Chen, same topic) and so on. "Every night the candle will cry the wick away" is also a metaphor of the candle, but it does not simply compare the pain with wax tears. But through "starting from the ashes", it further embodies the painful feeling of life. Lenovo is much more profound and complicated than previous people, and its image is much richer.

The above four sentences focus on revealing inner emotional activities and concretizing unspeakable complex feelings, which are beautifully written. Five or six sentences are translated into extroverted ideas. The first sentence is about yourself, and the second sentence is about imagining each other. "Changing temples" refers to being unable to sleep at night because of painful torture, resulting in the loss of temples and gaunt face, which is what Wu Yun, a poet of the Six Dynasties, said: "Worrying changes temples, crying makes beauty disappear" (Six Poems with Ma Xiaoxi). However, the sentence "Xiao Jing" in Untitled said that when I looked in the mirror in the morning, I was worried about "cloud change" and it was "but worried"-just worried. This vividly describes the spiritual activities of graceful songs, rather than simply describing the fact that youth is consumed by pain. The night is haggard because of pain, and the morning is haggard and painful. The pain at night is because the pursuit of love cannot be realized; The next day I was worried about haggard, hoping to stay young for love. In short, I am haggard with love, but I am depressed with pain. This lingering feeling day and night still shows a painful and persistent heart. The phrase "nocturne" is to put yourself in the other person's shoes and imagine that the other person is as painful as himself. He guessed that the other party would probably suffer from insomnia at night and often sang poems to mourn, but he was so worried that he couldn't get rid of it, so he felt that the environment was getting more and more desolate, the moonlight was cold, and his mood was even more bleak. The hue under the moon is cold, and "feeling cold in the moonlight" reflects psychological desolation through physical coldness. The word "should" is a tone of conjecture and expectation, indicating that all this is my imagination of the other party. The imagination is so vivid that it reflects her eagerness and deep understanding of her lover.

The more concrete you imagine, the deeper you miss, and the more you will ignite the desire to meet. Since there is no hope of meeting, I have to ask the messenger to pay tribute to myself and visit him in person. This is the last two sentences. Poems often compare immortal couples. Jade bird is the messenger of a goddess, the Queen Mother of the West. Pengshan is a fairy mountain in myths and legends, so here Pengshan is regarded as the symbol of the other party's residence, and Jade Bird appears as the messenger of the lyric hero. This hope at the end of the messenger has not changed the painful situation of "meeting each other late", but it is a hopeless hope and the future is still slim. When the poem is over, the pain and pursuit of the lyric hero will continue.

This poem is full of pain, disappointment, lingering and persistent feelings from beginning to end. Every couplet in the poem is a reflection of this emotional state, but the specific artistic conception of each couplet is different. They repeatedly show the complex emotions throughout the poem from different sides, and at the same time reflect the psychological process with this complex emotion as its content vertically with their close connection. This continuous, implicit and profound lyricism successfully reproduces the deep affection in my heart.

Li Shangyin had similar descriptions in the first, third, fourth and fifth sentences of his previous poetry creation. The poet was inspired, inherited and used for reference by his predecessors. However, he did not simply imitate his predecessors, but took a big step forward with high creativity, transforming the original simple means of expression into more tortuous and vivid, so as to reflect richer and deeper thoughts and feelings. In fact, he has removed the old traces and become a new creation. It can be seen that the poet's rich literary accomplishment and exploration of artistic conception and means of expression are important conditions for the success of this poem.