On the role of revolution and improvement from the Revolution of 1911 and the Reform Movement of 1898.

The Reform Movement of 1898 was a top-down reform of the emperor and a bourgeois reform movement. The Reform Movement of 1898 died halfway and was a complete failure, and the reform laws were abolished. The Revolution of 1911 ended more than 2,000 years of feudal monarchy and established a bourgeois republic, which achieved great success.