How to plant cucumber (cucumber planting time and technical points)

Cucumber is rich in nutrition and contains all kinds of vitamins needed by human body, so it can often be seen at the dinner table, and the prospect of planting cucumber is also quite good. Generally speaking, the time of planting cucumber depends on the nature of cucumber, and germination needs to be accelerated before sowing. Let's be specific.

1. Planting time

Cucumber can be divided into spring cucumber and autumn cucumber. Spring cucumber means sowing in winter and harvesting in spring. And autumn cucumber means sowing in summer and harvesting in autumn.

The sowing time of spring cucumber depends on the planting date and seedling raising method. If you sow according to the seedling age, you need to sow one month before sowing. If it is cultivated in solar greenhouse or heating greenhouse, it needs to be sown one and a half months in advance; The planting time of spring cucumber can be after late frost, and it should be sunny, not cloudy or windy.

Autumn cucumbers are usually planted 70 days before the first frost, and can be transplanted one week in advance. The growth period of autumn cucumber is relatively short, about 3 months, and it can be directly produced in greenhouse. Because it is hot and rainy before and after the first frost, it is necessary to prevent pests and diseases.

2. Land selection

The field where cucumbers are planted should have been planted for at least two years, with a pH of 6.5~7.5, convenient irrigation and drainage and fertile soil. In the case of paddy-upland rotation, the soil should be dug in June+10/October, 5438, and winter crops should be planted in one season, and cucumbers should be planted in the next spring.

3. Soak seeds to accelerate germination

Accelerating cucumber seed germination before sowing can shorten seedling stage. The specific operation is to soak the seeds in warm water at 55 degrees Celsius for about 10 minute, while stirring constantly, then soak them in clean water at 25 degrees Celsius for 8 hours, take them out to dry, and finally put them in an environment at 27-30 degrees Celsius for germination.

4. Sowing and raising seedlings

The germinated cucumber seeds can be raised in a seedling cup or seedbed, and will germinate after two days. The seedlings can be planted after half a month of growth, and the time is chosen in the sunny evening. Water the seedlings once before raising them. Don't hurt the root system when raising seedlings. Keep the soil on the root system to prevent root system damage. When melon seedlings grow, water and fertilizer should be properly controlled to prevent white growth. Seedling is in the rainy season, so it is necessary to prevent waterlogging and root rot of seedlings caused by heavy rain. After sowing, water once in sunny days, and build a sunshade net to prevent the seedlings from sunburn. Covering at 9 am and uncovering at 5 pm can promote female flower differentiation and increase yield. Cover the melon seedlings with plastic film before it rains.

It is necessary to control pests and diseases at seedling stage. Rhizoctonia solani and damping-off are common diseases at seedling stage, which can be controlled by metalaxyl manganese zinc and carbendazim. High-efficiency cypermethrin to control the occurrence of melon silk moth.

Step 5: Field planting.

Choose a place with fertile soil and convenient drainage, apply about 2000 kilograms of decomposed farm manure per mu, and mix the soil and fertilizer evenly. Then, planting holes were made, the spacing between each hole was 30 cm, and the planting holes were slightly larger than the roots of seedlings. Planting should be carried out in sunny afternoon, covered with fine soil and watered. In addition, it can be covered with a dark plastic film, which can not only keep the temperature and humidity of the soil, but also reduce the growth of weeds.

6. Fertilizer and water management

When applying base fertilizer, 30 kilograms of calcium superphosphate should be added in addition to the decomposed organic fertilizer. When the seedlings grow 2~3 true leaves, topdressing should be done once a week, and urea 10 kg should be applied per mu. Pay attention to the concentration of fertilizer when applying fertilizer, because the absorption capacity of cucumber root system is poor, and the principle of applying thin fertilizer frequently should be observed in topdressing to prevent root burning. When the seedlings grow two, four and six leaves, apply decomposed farmyard manure once each. When the young melons grow to centimeters, cooperate with watering and apply 20 kilograms of compound fertilizer per mu. Apply compound fertilizer after sitting on the melon. In order to increase the yield, apply fertilizer to cucumber once every two times.

The temperature is high in summer and autumn, and plants grow vigorously. Therefore, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied again to prevent excessive growth and premature aging. When the water demand increases during flowering and fruiting, water it once a day, and water it every 3~5 days when the weather is dry. Drainage and flood prevention should be done well in rainy season.

Step 7 erect the vines and trim them

When tendrils appear, draw vines with bamboo strips as a frame. Draw vines every three days to make them evenly distributed. If the variety is the fruit of the main vine, pruning is not needed, and the main side vine or side vine should be trimmed at the top. When the melon vine grows to 1 m, leave three left and right lateral branches, each with a cucumber, and remove the core of the melon vine. Curved melons and pot-bellied melons should be eliminated in time.

8. Falling vines

When the vines grow to the top of the shed and the leafless stems and vines at the bottom are 30 cm off the ground, the time should be chosen in a sunny afternoon, so it is not easy to hurt the vines. It should be noted that it should not be done in the morning or after watering, so as to avoid damaging the vines and affecting the later growth.

Stop watering one week before the vines fall, so as to reduce the moisture in the vines, increase the toughness of plants and reduce germs. Untie the rope on the vine, put the vine on the ground, don't pull it hard, and coil it neatly and orderly in the same direction on both sides of the ridge. Coil the vines along the bending direction, and do not bend the vines in the opposite direction or vigorously to avoid winding or breaking. When the rattan falls in the early stage, it is thin and coiled into small circles, and when the rattan is long and thick, it is coiled into large circles.

9. Harvest

When the cucumber skin changes from dark green to bright green and shiny, and the buds do not fall off, it is best to pick at this time. It takes 55 days from sowing to first harvest in spring, and 35 days in summer and autumn. The first crop of melons should be harvested as soon as possible to avoid affecting the growth of subsequent melons, leading to premature decline of deformed melons or plants and affecting yield.