Tell me about your challenge to the car. The car was born in Germany, grew up in France and matured in the prosperity of the United States and Europe.

Talking about the past, present and future of cars

Talk about the past, present and future of cars; First, the past of the car; The history of automobile development for more than 100 years shows that the automobile was born in Germany and grew up in; However, although the European car companies dominated by France occupied the world cars at that time; In the subsequent development of automobile history, the world automobile industry experienced three major events; The first change-assembly line mass production; At the earliest time, cars were luxury goods produced for a few people; 19 13 years, Ford built the world in Detroit, the automobile city; The second change-diversification of automobile products; Before the Second World War

Talking about the past, present and future of cars

First of all, the car's past

The history of automobile development for more than one hundred years shows that automobile was born in Germany, grew up in France, matured in America, flourished in Europe and challenged Japan. 1886, German Ben Ci and Daimler invented the automobile, and then companies producing automobiles appeared in Europe. The earliest automobile companies were Mercedes-Benz, Daimler, French logo Company, Renault Company, British Austin Company and Italian Fiat Company. Europe is the cradle of the world automobile industry. The Germans invented the automobile, and the French promoted the initial development of the automobile. 189 1 year, Armand, a Frenchman, adopted the front engine and rear drive for the first time, which laid the basic structure of the automobile transmission system. 1898, Frenchman louis renault first applied the universal joint to the automobile transmission system and invented the bevel gear main reducer.

However, although the European automobile companies dominated by France occupied the dominant position in the world automobile industry at that time, they all produced cars by hand, paying attention to luxury and being expensive, which limited the development of the automobile industry.

In the subsequent development of automobile history, the world automobile industry experienced three major changes. The first change is that Ford Motor Company of the United States introduced Model T and invented the automobile assembly line, which transferred the development of the world automobile industry from Europe to the United States. The second change is that Europe has broken the long-term monopoly of American automobile companies in the world automobile industry through various modes of production, and the development of the world automobile industry has returned to Europe from the United States. The third change is that Japan has formed a lean production mode by improving the production management system, and has made every effort to develop economical cars with good quality and low price. Japan became the third development center of the world automobile industry after the United States and Europe, and transferred the development of the world automobile industry from Europe to Japan.

The first change-assembly line mass production

In the early days, cars were luxury goods produced for a few people. 1908, Ford introduced Model T. The appearance of Model T turned the car from a proprietary product of the rich into a popular commodity. In the 20-year production process of Model T, Model T is called "the tool that carries the whole world".

19 13 years, Ford built the world's first automobile assembly line in Detroit, which made Model T the beginning of mass production, and the automobile assembly time was shortened from 12.5h to10.5h ... from 1908 to1928. 19 15 years, the annual output of Ford alone accounted for 70% of the total output of American automobile companies, while the total output of European countries with a long history of automobile production at that time was only 5% of that of the United States.

The second change-diversification of automobile products

Before World War II, Europeans had begun to be dissatisfied with the unification of American cars. However, at that time, European automobile companies could not produce on a large scale, and they reduced their prices to compete with American automobile companies. Therefore, with novel automobile products, such as engine front drive, engine rear drive, load-bearing car body, load-bearing car body, mini fuel-efficient car and so on. Try to adapt to different road conditions, national hobbies and other requirements to compete with American car companies. Therefore, it has formed a transformation from a single automobile product to diversification. In view of the weakness of single American model, huge volume and high fuel consumption, Europe has developed colorful new cars. For example: Mercedes-Benz and BMW with strict specifications; Lightweight and elegant Ferrari and Citroen; Elegant Rolls-Royce, Jaguar, magical Beetle, and the "mini" that swept the world appeared one after another. Product diversification has become the biggest advantage, and economies of scale have also been achieved.

By 1966, the automobile production in Europe had exceeded 1000000, which was five times higher than that in 1955, with an average annual growth rate of 106%, surpassing the automobile production in North America and becoming the second largest automobile industry development center in the world. By 1973, the automobile production in Europe increased to150,000, and the world automobile industry turned back to Europe from the United States. The Third Transformation —— Lean Production Mode

The third revolution of the world automobile industry took place in Japan. Japan's automobile industry started late. Toyota Motor Corporation, Japan's largest automobile company, and Nissan Motor Corporation, the second largest automobile company, were both established in 1933, but until 1950s, Japan's automobile industry was still developing slowly.

It was not until the 1960s that Toyota Motor Corporation of Japan explored a unique and refreshing "Toyota mode of production". It is a new production management system that links all links in the production process to form a complete system, based on "lean thinking" and taking "putting an end to all waste and pursuing perfection" as the best realm. This system starts from product planning and extends to users through the whole process of manufacturing and the coordination of collaborative system. It has changed the management concept of the manufacturing industry in the past under the mass production mode system, taking "calling mode" and "Kanban mode" as the representative of "three punctuality", that is, "producing the necessary products in the necessary amount in the necessary time" as the essence of the concept, and "JIT just in time", that is, continuously reducing costs, no waste, zero inventory and endless product renewal as the pursuit goal. It can be said that this idea is the crystallization of Toyota's collective wisdom, which has spread from Toyota to Japan's automobile industry and from the automobile industry to the whole manufacturing industry, thus pushing Japan into the ranks of economic powers in the automobile kingdom.

By 1973, Japan's automobile exports reached 2 million; 1977 Japanese automobile exports reached 4 million; 1980, Japanese automobile exports soared to 6 million.

Because Japan has achieved double high-speed growth in domestic automobile sales and export volume, it has ushered in the development of Japanese automobile industry and created a miracle in the development of world automobile industry. Toyota Motor Corporation of Japan said, "Everything will be solved eventually.

The advertisements of "Where there is a road, there is a Toyota car" and Nissan Motor Company "Where there is a swift horse in ancient times, there is a Nissan car today" have realized their good wishes. Japan has become the world's third automobile industry development center after the United States and Europe, that is, the world automobile industry has shifted from Europe to Japan for the third time.

Second, the current development of automobiles

(1) Vehicle manufacturing industry

In the last 7-8 years, the growth momentum of the world automobile market will mainly come from Asia, Eastern Europe and South America. If automobile manufacturers do nothing in these aspects, or have no automobile production capacity at all, then their future life will be very difficult, and even there will be a crisis of survival. By 20 10, there will be only 6~ 10 important automobile manufacturers in the world. In order to concentrate on the core business, the main engine manufacturers will further reduce the self-made rate of parts and narrow their work scope. With the rapid development and profound changes of the automobile industry, market participants are required to establish corresponding new corporate culture and social functions, and develop the knowledge and resources of application software of electronic and telecommunication service systems, which, like the proprietary knowledge and technology of supply chain management and integrated network organization, is one of the key factors for success. Only the best in this industry can expect its sales profit rate to climb to 10% or even higher in the next five years.

(2) the corresponding parts industry

At present, the world auto parts enterprises can be roughly divided into two types: first, large-scale manufacturers; The other is the enterprise with great innovation and integration potential. Enterprises that carry out mass production have high product output and low added value, and strive for users at low prices, thus gaining higher market share. Enterprises with great innovation and integration potential refer to those market segments, which focus on a certain business field and are good at producing some components or systems with high added value. From the development trend, these enterprises have strong innovation ability, good profitability and bright development prospects. With the reduction of the scope and workload of vehicle manufacturers, the role of parts manufacturing industry has become more and more important. They not only produce the vast majority of auto parts, systems and modules, but also undertake more research and development work. However, this does not mean that there will be more and more auto parts enterprises in the world. On the contrary, the industrial sector will be further concentrated and monopolized.

Third, the future development of automobiles.

1. With the continuous development of automobile industry and electronic industry, electronic technology is more and more widely used in modern automobiles, and the degree of automobile electronization is getting higher and higher. Automotive electronic technology is the product of the combination of automotive technology and electronic technology; It can be said that today's cars have entered the era of electronic control. At present, the adoption of electronic equipment has become an important index to measure the technical level of automobiles, and the competition in the future automobile market will be the competition of automobile electronization.

2. Environmental protection has become one of the most important problems of automobile technology in the next decade, especially reducing the impact of automobile pollution on the environment. The improvement of fuel economy usually involves improving the efficiency of power plant, optimizing aerodynamic design and reducing the weight of car body. But at present, the technical level of gasoline engine and fuel engine to start cars has reached a peak. It is for this reason that diesel, kerosene, oil and other resources in the world are becoming scarcer and scarcer, and their prices have doubled. Therefore, we will vigorously develop new energy vehicles. The most promising new energy vehicle is electric vehicle.

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