Chrysanthemum Poetry and Its Symbolic Significance

1. Symbolic significance of chrysanthemum and poem I. Symbolic significance of chrysanthemum:

1. In ancient myths and legends, chrysanthemum was also endowed with the meaning of good luck and longevity.

2. Chrysanthemum is one of the top ten famous flowers in China, one of the four gentlemen among flowers (Prunus mume) and one of the four cut flowers in the world (chrysanthemum, rose, carnation and gladiolus), with the highest yield.

3. Because chrysanthemums are cold and proud of snow, Tao Yuanming's famous sentence "Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge, leisurely seeing Nanshan" came into being. People in China have the custom of enjoying chrysanthemums and drinking chrysanthemum wine on the Double Ninth Festival. Tang Meng's "Passing the Old Village": "Wait until Shan Ye Holiday, I will come back in the chrysanthemum season." .

Second, the chrysanthemum poem:

1, crossing the old village

This old friend prepared a delicious meal and invited me to his hospitable farm.

Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city.

Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops.

Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes.

The writer is Meng Haoran, a poet in Tang Dynasty.

3. Vernacular translation:

My old friend prepared a sumptuous meal and invited me to his hospitable farmhouse.

Green Woods surround the village and green mountains span the city.

Open the window to the grain field and vegetable garden and raise a glass to talk about crops.

The Double Ninth Festival is here. Please come here to see chrysanthemums.

Extended data:

Variety classification:

First, the flowering period:

1, Xia Ju: also known as 599. It blooms once a year in May and September of the lunar calendar. Now it can be planted in solar calendar 10 in May and June.

2. Qiuju: The flowering period is early and late. Mid-sized chrysanthemum whose first chrysanthemum period is in the middle and late September. The late chrysanthemum period is 10- 1 1, which is the most widely cultivated autumn chrysanthemum.

3, cold chrysanthemum: also known as winter chrysanthemum. The flowering period is 65438+ February of the following year to 65438+ 10.

Second, the flower diameter:

1, Chrysanthemum: The diameter of flowers is above 10 cm, which is mostly used for the cultivation of chrysanthemum and specimen chrysanthemum.

2. Middle chrysanthemum: the flower diameter is 6- 10 cm, which is often used for flower bed chrysanthemum and chrysanthemum cultivation.

3. Xiao Ju: Flowers less than 6 cm in diameter are everywhere. They can be used as potted chrysanthemums, cliff chrysanthemums, tied chrysanthemums, bonsai chrysanthemums and so on. Decorate a garden or furniture.

Third, color.

1, Monochrome: Monochrome refers to one flower and one color, including yellow, white, purple, red, pink, green, ink, clay, snow blue and so on. In addition to the basic color system, each color system can also be divided into multiple tones. This is more difficult to describe and accurately grasp.

2. Multicolor:

Multicolor means that a flower has more than two colors, and the color changes are also rich.

There is a flower with two colors, such as "Er Qiao" with red and yellow halves and "Yuanyang Lotus" with red and yellow colors.

The back and abdomen are two colors, such as "golden back and red abdomen".

There are petals with one color as the background and stripes or spots of other colors, such as "sika deer", with pink and purple background and white spots on it.

Having petals of one color at the base and another color at the apex, such as "red gold beads" with red petals and yellow tips; There are flowers with one color in the heart and one color on the side, but there is little contrast, such as The First Phoenix and Green Water.

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2. The symbolic meaning of chrysanthemum and the famous sentences describing it, who has chrysanthemum, plum, orchid and bamboo, have been the object of China literati singing since ancient times. Chrysanthemum is not only a portrayal of China literati's personality and integrity, but also endowed with extensive and far-reaching symbolic significance. There are traces of chrysanthemums in a large number of literary works in ancient China. @ & seagull

The earliest poem about chrysanthemums is probably Qu Yuan's "Drinking Mulan in the morning and dew in the evening, and chrysanthemums fascinate England in the evening". This self-proclaimed "I am alone in the turbid water in the world, and I am alone in the drunken world." During his exile, Li Sao, the first poet in the ages, used an immortal masterpiece to express his noble patriotic sentiment and loyal quality of not colluding with the secular. Here, chrysanthemum symbolizes the noble quality of the poet. wY？ 6L

Cao Zhi, an outstanding representative of Jian 'an literature, has such a sentence in his famous poem "Ode to Luo Shen": "Its shape is also strange, such as Youlong, Rongyao Qiuju and Hua Mao Song Chun." Chrysanthemum is used to describe the brilliance and beauty of Luo Shen, whose skirt is fluttering and dancing, and to describe her demeanor and temperament. “4y & ltn:

Tao Yuanming, under the hedge of leisurely picking chrysanthemums, endowed chrysanthemums with a unique transcendental style as an idyllic poet and hermit, and since then chrysanthemums have been spiritualized. "To build a house under human conditions, you don't need horses and chariots ... under the hedge of picking chrysanthemums, you can see Nanshan leisurely. ..... There is truth in it. I want to distinguish it and forget to say it. " In a word, nature is eternal, luxury is exhausted, and the true meaning of life is revealed! Me! MZT

Of course, Huang Chao, the leader of peasant uprising in the late Tang Dynasty, changed the image of chrysanthemum hermit. "Whispering westerly winds are planted all over the yard, and cold butterflies are hard to come by. If I were Di Qing in another year, I would report peach blossoms. " Until September 8th in Qiu Lai, I will kill all the flowers after they open. Tianxiang permeates Chang 'an, and the city is full of golden flowers. "In his poems with obvious suggestibility and tendentiousness, Chrysanthemum has become a brave and strong fighter who has gone through many vicissitudes, pleaded for the people and upheld justice for heaven. l "

"The threshold chrysanthemum is sad and the smoke orchid is crying, and the curtain is cold and the swallow is flying." Yan Shu, a rich poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, is good at writing poems, giving chrysanthemum a sad style. Coincidentally, Wang Shifu, a great dramatist in the Yuan Dynasty, also wrote this sentence in The West Chamber: "The sky is blue, the earth is yellow, the west wind is tight, and the wild geese fly south in the north. Whoever gets drunk with Fang Lin in the morning will always leave tears. " The withered chrysanthemums on the ground set off and rendered the departure of the protagonist in the play, and chrysanthemums became the representative scenery in the sad artistic conception. pA*|B

The chrysanthemums written by Li Qingzhao, the first poetess in the ages, often become the object of emotional sustenance. Others miss their husbands far away and feel sorry for themselves. "Don't get carried away, the curtain rolls west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers." Some lament personal fate, and some express the deep tragic pain of national destruction. "Yellow flowers piled all over the floor, worn out. Who can pick it now? " ,! x

A Dream of Red Mansions represents the highest achievement of China's ancient novel art, and describes chrysanthemums in detail. Lofty, aloof and sentimental, Lin Daiyu wrote poems such as "Ask Chrysanthemum" and "Dream Chrysanthemum", praising the noble quality of Chrysanthemum and having a spiritual and emotional exchange with Chrysanthemum. For example, in "Dream of Chrysanthemum", "Going to immortals is not a dream of longing for Zhuang's life, but a dream of recalling the past and looking for Tao. When I sleep, I will be broken with the goose. When I am surprised, I will feel annoyed. " Who is the "aloof" in Ask Chrysanthemum? Late to blossom? Why is the garden lonely? Can geese return to illness and become lovesickness? "In these poems, chrysanthemum plays an important role in shaping the image of Lin Daiyu. X@

The same chrysanthemum has different meanings and styles because different people come to watch and taste it.

3. What are the characteristics of chrysanthemums expressed in the poems about chrysanthemums? What are the ancient poems about chrysanthemums?

A: The symbol of a hermit.

When chrysanthemum was first mentioned, Qu Yuan, a great poet in China, wrote in his famous poem Lisao that "Mulan falls in the morning dew and autumn chrysanthemum falls in the evening". It is through these two poems that Qu Yuan's integrity and honesty are demonstrated. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming had an indissoluble bond with Chrysanthemum. Tao Yuanming wrote many poems about chrysanthemums. Of course, the most famous is "Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge, leisurely seeing Nanshan" in his drinking poems, "Fang Jukai Lin Yao, Song Qingyan Guanzhu; With this beauty, it is outstanding for the cream. " "Qiu Ju is lewd, showing her beauty, forgetting this worry and leaving me behind." So Tao Yuanming became the personification of chrysanthemum.

Since it was favored by Mr. Tao Qian, Chrysanthemum has become a "hermit in flowers". Tao Yuanming's "He Guo Ji": "Fang Ju opened Lin Yao, and Song Qingyan lived in it. With this beauty, it is outstanding for the cream. " It reflects his yearning for enviing a quiet and comfortable life. He picked chrysanthemums leisurely under the east fence, giving chrysanthemums a unique and extraordinary hermit style with the attitude of an idyllic poet and hermit, and chrysanthemums have the spirituality of hermits since then.

Second, the symbol of soldiers.

Of course, Huang Chao, the leader of peasant uprising in the late Tang Dynasty, changed the image of chrysanthemum hermit. "Whispering westerly winds are planted all over the yard, and cold butterflies are hard to come by. If I were Di Qing in another year, I would report peach blossoms. " Until September 8th in Qiu Lai, I will kill all the flowers after they open. Tianxiang permeates Chang 'an, and the city is full of golden flowers. "In his poems with obvious suggestibility and tendentiousness, Chrysanthemum has become a brave and strong fighter who has gone through many vicissitudes, pleaded for the people and upheld justice for heaven.

At the same time, in Don Cen Can's "Thinking about Chang 'an Hometown on March 9th": If you want to climb the mountain, no one will deliver wine, and you will pity your hometown chrysanthemum far away, you should open it by the battlefield. Chrysanthemum has also become a representative of soldiers.

Third, the symbol of sadness.

Song Liqing took a photo of "Drunken Flowers": the fog is thick and the clouds are sad forever, and the golden beast disappears. The festival is also a double ninth festival, and the jade pillow gauze kitchen is half cold at night. Dongli drinks until dusk, and faint chrysanthemum fragrance overflows his sleeves. Don't say clear autumn is not a person, the west wind rolls the flag and beads curtain, and the person in the curtain is thinner than that Huang Ju. Li Qingzhao was a poetess in Song Dynasty, and chrysanthemum became the object of expressing her feelings in her works. "Dongli put wine after dusk, and there is fragrance in the sleeve. Mo Tao is immortal, the curtain rolls west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers. " Express your inner feelings for your long-lost husband with the word "thin".

Fourth, the symbol of noble character.

After chrysanthemums generally wither, the petals will not wither, nor will they fall off one by one like peach blossoms. So the poet said, "I can't bear to fall to the ground, I would rather die here."

Therefore, poets generally appreciate his cold-blooded character, such as Tang Juyi's "Singing Chrysanthemum";

One night, the new frost hit the tile lightly and the banana collapsed. Only the East Hedgehog Chrysanthemum is cold-resistant, and the golden millet is just dawn. (Some are scattered by wind and rain. In Song Dynasty, there was a story about "Wang Su changed his poems", which was recorded in Feng Menglong's Negative Textbook. It is said that Su Dongpo once visited Wang Anshi in Xiangfu, just when Wang was away, and saw a poem about chrysanthemums on the case. He only wrote the first two sentences: "Last night, the west wind crossed the garden and yellow flowers were everywhere." . Su Dongpo smiled to himself. He thought that even if the chrysanthemum dried up, it would not lose its petals. According to the original rhyme, he continued to write two sentences: "Autumn flowers are not as good as spring flowers, saying that they should sing carefully with poets." After reading Su Dongpo's continued sentence, Wang Anshi felt that Su Dongpo's observation was not comprehensive enough. Later, the two disagreed, and Su Dongpo was demoted to Huangzhou. After Sue arrived in Huangzhou, it was a stormy day. Sue and her friends are enjoying chrysanthemums in the chrysanthemum garden. They saw the colorful scene of "arachis duranensis" with their own eyes. Only then did I realize that I had misjudged Wang Anshi, but I still didn't know much about it. )

There are chrysanthemums, and the autumn shrubs of Tang Yuanzhen, like Taoist priests, are more and more inclined around the fence. It's not that chrysanthemums are favored among flowers, but that this flower is even more flowerless. Marshal Chen Yi's autumn chrysanthemum can Ao Shuang, and the wind and frost are very evil. This performance is cold-resistant, what can I do with wind and frost? "Liu Yuxi once wrote:" Every family is as yellow as a chrysanthemum, and the Liang Garden is few and far between.

4. What is the symbolic significance of Mei Zhu Lanju? 1. Symbolic significance of Mei Ju: Mei Ju occupies four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter. China literati regard it as "four gentlemen", which shows the literati's perception of time order and the meaning of life.

1, Mei: Bloom in the cold, and bloom after the flowers wither. It is beautiful and unique, but it is not unusual. So it has always been used to symbolize the noble character of nature, unyielding and indomitable. 2. Orchid: A flower is fragrant and a peanut is in a secluded place, so it is often regarded as a symbol of modesty.

3. Bamboo: It never dies in winter and has its own beauty. It is honest, humble, neither supercilious nor supercilious, and natural and unrestrained. It is often regarded as a symbol of elegant people with different customs. 4. Chrysanthemum: It is not only beautiful, elegant and fragrant, but also has the characteristics of fighting against frost and snow.

Second, the poem: 1. Plum blossom: There are some plums in the corner. hanling opens them alone. "Plum Blossom" Wang Song Anshi knows that it is not snow, because it has a faint fragrance.

"Plum Blossom" Wang Songan holds frost for the road, and snow is cold. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, He Xun was as snowy as snow, and he was not planted when he crossed Wuxi.

"Plum Blossom" Don Ye Luo II. Orchids: solitary orchids live in secluded gardens, and the grass is weeds. "Antique" Tang Li Bai is a kind of delicate fragrance, which has its first spring.

It smells good. China people compete for flattery.

Not counting peaches and plums. "Red Lip (Orchid)" In the Song Dynasty, Yao worried about the smoke and tears, the curtain was light and cold, and the swallows flew away.

"Liang Shanbo, sill, chrysanthemum, sorrow, tears, dew" Yan Shu in the Song Dynasty was at the top of Qian Shan, and the seam was deep and fragrant. "Painting Orchids" Zheng Xie 3 in Qing Dynasty. The bamboo stems are quiet and jade, and the evening smoke is green.

"The Title of Hsinchu" Tang Du Mu insisted that the green hills were not relaxed, and the roots were broken. "Bamboo Stone" In the Qing Dynasty, the new bamboo in Zheng Xie was higher than the old bamboo branches, supported by veteran cadres.

"Hsinchu" In the Qing Dynasty, Zheng Xielu was born with bamboo shoots, and his fur brushed the frost roots. "Bamboo Slips" of Tang Dynasty: Li He 4. Chrysanthemum is not a preference among flowers, and this flower is even more flowerless.

"Chrysanthemum" Tang Yuanzhen secretly dizzy purple, melting yellow. "Chrysanthemum" The chamomile in front of Li Shangyin's eaves in the Tang Dynasty moved late, and it was difficult to pick it.

"Tanting Qiangan Chrysanthemum" In the Tang Dynasty, Du changed his skin and makeup. I only doubt that spring will come to Chongyang.

Zhang Song Xiaoxiang Four Gentlemen, Mei Zhu Lan Ju, has been loved by the world for thousands of years because of its elegant and indifferent quality, and has become a cultural symbol of personality. Although this is their own in our nature, it is also related to the appreciation and admiration of literati in past dynasties. Mei, noble and arrogant; Orchids, elegant and ethereal; Bamboo, modest and restrained; Chrysanthemum, Leng Yan Qing Zhen; It is precisely because of this elegant and indifferent quality that it is loved by the world and is called "Four Gentlemen".

Literati in China loaded their true feelings in a flower, a grass, a stone and a tree, which made flowers, trees, grass and stones break away from or expand their original meanings, thus becoming the symbol of feeling things and metaphors, and also the most common theme in object-chanting poems and flower-and-bird paintings, rooted in their yearning for this aesthetic personality realm. The reason is not only the natural beauty of the four gentlemen, but more importantly, the ancients injected a kind of personality strength, a kind of moral sentiment and cultural connotation into the four gentlemen, and realized their self-worth and personality pursuit through the four gentlemen. Plum blossoms, one of the four gentlemen, are hardy, bloom early and bloom in early spring.

Plum, blooming in the cold, is beautiful and unique, which is a symbol of perseverance. People paint plum blossom mainly to show its unique personality that it is not afraid of cold and is proud of snow after frost.

When people draw orchids, they usually place a delicate and noble sentiment on them. And there are thorns in the flowers, which shows that a gentleman can accommodate villains.

Orchids, with a fragrant flower and a peanut in a secluded place, are often regarded as a symbol of humility. Chrysanthemum, it is not only beautiful and elegant, fragrant, but also has the characteristics of snow resistance; Flowers bloom after withering and do not compete with others, so they have always been used to symbolize the unyielding noble character of nature.

Bamboo that never fades after winter has its own beauty. It is honest, humble, neither supercilious nor supercilious, and natural and unrestrained. It is often regarded as a symbol of elegant people with different customs. Poems related to Mei Lan and Zhu Ju: 1. "Plums" Song Dynasty: Wang Anshi counted the plums in the corner and opened them alone.

I knew from a distance that it wasn't snow, because there was a smell coming. Several plum blossoms in that corner bloom alone in the cold.

Why do you know from a distance that Bai Meihua is not snow? Because there is a faint plum blossom fragrance. Note: (1) cold ling: braved the cold.

(2) Far: Far away. Know: I know.

(3) for (wèi): Because. Dark fragrance: refers to the faint fragrance of plum blossoms.

Appreciation: "There are many plums in one corner", and "one corner" is inconspicuous, unknown, unappreciated, but indifferent. The "corner" environment highlights the humble and lonely forms of several plums.

It embodies the poet's attitude of sticking to his own opinions despite the harsh environment. "Cold ling drives alone" and "one person" have strong meanings, and they are not afraid of others' eyes, and they still stand firm in harsh environments.

Reflect the poet's belief in self-persistence. "Far knowledge is not snow", and "far knowledge" refers to the fragrance floating from a distance, which is faint and not obvious.

The poet has a keen sense of smell, unique vision and is good at discovering. "Not snow", not plum blossoms, but the whiteness of plum blossoms can be seen.

It means it looks pure and white from a distance, but you know it's not snow, it's plum blossoms. Poetic twists and turns are implicit and intriguing.

A faint fragrance, a delicate fragrance. "Because there is a faint scent", "faint scent" refers to the scent of plum blossoms, which personifies people, and cold ling is alone and noble in character; The faint fragrance is a symbol of its brilliance.

In the first two sentences, the plum blossom in the corner is not afraid of the cold, but proudly independent. In the last two sentences, the plum blossom is brightly white and fragrant, which praises the demeanor and character of the plum blossom and is a portrayal of the poet's cold and stubborn character. The poet described the purity and beauty of plum blossom with snow by appreciating its noble character of not being afraid of cold, and pointed out that plum blossom has a "dark fragrance" more than snow, which shows the great charm of a strong and noble personality.

In the extremely complicated and difficult situation of the Northern Song Dynasty, the author actively reformed, but failed to get support. His lonely mentality and difficult situation naturally have something in common with Meihua. This little poem has profound implications, and the sentences are simple and natural, without any traces of carving.

Second, "Ancient Lonely Orchid Garden" Tang Libai Lonely Orchid Garden, grass is a * * * weed. Although the sun shines brightly in spring, I feel sorry for the crisp moon in autumn.

First frost early, green dare not rest. If there is no breeze blowing.

5. the symbolic meaning of chrysanthemum chrysanthemum chrysanthemum is one of the four gentlemen in flowers (mei Zhu LAN ju), with a cold and arrogant character. The symbolic meaning of chrysanthemum is as follows:

1. Different colors of chrysanthemums have different symbolic meanings: yellow chrysanthemums symbolize faint love. White chrysanthemum, which means mourning in China, is used to mourn the dead; But in Japan, chrysanthemum is a symbol of royalty, representing chastity and honesty. Dark red chrysanthemums symbolize charm.

2. Chrysanthemum symbolizes longevity: Chrysanthemum blooms in autumn, so it is a symbol of autumn. People even call September "Chrysanthemum Moon", because chrysanthemum is homophonic with "syndrome" and "nine" is homophonic with "long", so chrysanthemum is also used to symbolize longevity or longevity. It is more meaningful to pick chrysanthemums on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month.

There are nine quails painted on the chrysanthemum. Because "quail" and "an" are homophonic, it means "the ninth is in peace" and hopes that others will be safe for a long time.

Chrysanthemum and pine trees are painted together, which means "pine chrysanthemum will last forever", which means wishing the person who accepts this painting a long life.

5. Chrysanthemums are painted with slugs. Because slug and official are homophonic, it means "one product of official residence", which means hoping that others will occupy official positions for a long time.

Extended data

Poetry related to chrysanthemums

1, "Drinking (V)" by Tao Yuanming in Wei and Jin Dynasties: "Under the hedge of picking chrysanthemums, you can see Nanshan leisurely."

Interpretation of vernacular Chinese: under the east fence of picking chrysanthemums, you are leisurely and carefree, and Nanshan in the distance comes into view.

Appreciation: After Tao Yuanming abandoned his official position and retired to Lushan Mountain, he planted chrysanthemums and recited poems to amuse himself. He was the first person to praise Chrysanthemum "first frost is outstanding".

2. Cao Qingxue Qin's "Chanting Chrysanthemum": "After Ling Tao's commentary, the eternal high wind said today."

Interpretation of Vernacular Chinese: Qiu Ju's noble character has been praised by people since Tao Qian wrote Ju Fu.

Appreciation: Since Tao Yuanming commented and praised chrysanthemum in his poems, the noble character of chrysanthemum has been admired by people for thousands of years.

3. Qu Yuan's "Li Sao" in the pre-Qin period: "Drink Mulan dew in the morning, and chrysanthemum leaves England in the evening."

Interpretation of Vernacular Language: Drink dew dripping from magnolia in the morning and chew petals falling from autumn chrysanthemum at night.

Appreciation: drinking dew is not polluted by the world, using the allusion of Phoenix not drinking dew, not eating refined. It symbolizes a person's noble quality and constantly strives for moral progress.

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