How did you deal with the plague that broke out in Song Dynasty?

Ancient medicine was underdeveloped, and after the plague among the people, the destructive power often exceeded that of war and famine. Xu Shen hit the nail on the head in Shuo Wen Jie Zi: Popular, people are sick. ?

Plagues occurred in all previous dynasties, while the Song Dynasty inherited the Five Dynasties and enjoyed the country for 3 19 years. All kinds of plagues occurred 49 times in * * *, with an average of 6.5 1 year and an average annual occurrence probability of 15.03%. So how did the Song Dynasty deal with the plague?

Practical and effective measures to prevent plague

What do you need to deal with the plague? Guard? And then what? Control? Get your hands ready. During the Song Dynasty, according to? Guard? , multi-pronged. The court set up the Ministry of Security. Palm Hill, Gardens and Wild Smelting? The function is similar to that of the current Ministry of Natural Resources. In addition, various trees were planted on both sides of Bianliang Road in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the establishment of Genyue Garden and Yujinyuan Garden in the city beautified the environment of the capital. All localities also attach importance to urban greening, which has emerged? Green trees become curtains and even become a drug market? And then what? Wumen road, April milk cries green branches? Scenery.

Plague is easy to occur in crowded places, especially in prisons with poor sanitary conditions. In the third year of Jingdezhen in the Northern Song Dynasty (1006), in April, Zhenzong thought that summer was the high incidence period of epidemic diseases. At the time of the imperial court's final decision, capital crimes flowed down, migrated and handed down from generation to generation, and the aides released them. ? At the end of the day, it was ordered to introduce the commander of the army to the department, repeat the names of the punishments decided, and check and implement them. Naturally, it is hot every year, and all officials are sent to the platoon, and they are personally out, so they are customized. ? Not only that, but the court also designed? Leak Yuan Ze? Used to bury the ownerless corpse, thus purifying the environment and fundamentally cutting off the generation of infectious bacteria. Beautifying the environment and paying attention to hygiene are important measures to prevent plague in Song Dynasty.

A well-structured medical system

Also improve the medical level? Guard? An important means. The imperial court set up the Hanlin medical officer's hospital, palm? Sacrificing medicine and accepting letters to treat various diseases? There are also specialized institutions such as Tai Hospital, Huimin Bureau, Prescription Bureau and Pharmacy, which are in charge of medical education and the circulation of medicinal materials. In the event of a plague, these institutions have a clear division of labor, and are responsible for drug deployment and plague treatment, and perform their respective duties.

Doctors play an important role in the medical system. The court stipulated that there were less than 10,000 subjects and guests, and one was a doctor; There are ten thousand households with two or more people; Increase one person to five people per household? Doctor, there are ten people in Jingfu Jie Zhen and three in Neimai; There are seven people in Yuzhou and two people in Xiaofang Mai; Every household in the county has one person and five people. ? The perfect medical system promoted the development of health in Song Dynasty.

Commendable epidemic prevention drugs

What are the anti-epidemic drugs? Guard? An indispensable part. ? Northern Song Dynasty Medical King? Pang Anshi thought in Treatise on Febrile Diseases:? Treat epidemic incompatibility, treat febrile diseases and typhoid fever. ? In the book, he included Tu Su wine, Piwen powder, Qianfu powder, Shagui pill and other anti-epidemic drugs, which were widely used among the people. Zhu Jian, a medical scientist, has studied Treatise on Febrile Diseases, including Nanyang Huojing, among which Laojun Shen Ming Powder and Wuchengzi Huo Ying Pill are also effective anti-epidemic drugs.

Dou Cai, a physician in the Southern Song Dynasty, was listed in Bian Que Shuxin? Zhonghe soup? Treat typhoid and plague with dull headache, fever and runny nose. Its prescription is:? Rhizoma Atractylodis (one catty, soaked in rice), Radix Aconiti (processed), Cortex Magnolia Officinalis (processed with ginger), Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, Radix Glycyrrhizae (four taels each) and Fructus Tsaoko (two taels each). * * * is the last. Four dollars each, seven slices of ginger, soup and dregs. ? Because of its remarkable effect on preventing plague and avoiding epidemic situation, it is highly praised by the people. God? .

The curse of avoiding disaster that stabilizes people's hearts.

Plague prevention and control in Song Dynasty not only sought medical treatment, but also sought ghosts and gods. In the Song Dynasty, a large number of symbols, taboos and incantations were collected in official medical books, such as Taiping Sheng Huifang, Divine Doctors' General Rescue Prescription, General Record of Living Economy, Taiping Huimin and Heji Prescription. In the education of Thai hospital, a forbidden book department was set up to collect, sort out and popularize forbidden spells.

Three years in Xianping (AD 1000), is it true? Deeply concerned about the disaster in Zhejiang, he ordered the three museums to review the spiritual traces, so he sent envoys to worship their mountains and temples and pray for the people. ? Obviously, in the Song Dynasty, warlocks prayed to God to ban the plague, which was obviously superstitious and did nothing to help eliminate the plague. The way of praying to God to ban the plague in the Song Dynasty can objectively stabilize the people's hearts, which is undoubtedly the product of compromising the limited medical conditions.

Unified allocation of medical resources

Control after the plague? Become the key to stop the spread of the plague. In the first month of the first year of He Zhi (AD 1054), a plague broke out in the capital of song dynasty. Hitoshi? Tong Tianxi is broken, is there any medicine for the epidemic? . It is said that Tong Tianxi is a rare treasure and can cure all diseases. Li Shunqing, the chamberlain, intended to keep it for Injong's exclusive use, but Injong seriously refused. I don't value foreign objects and villains! ?

The earliest apartheid system in history

Control? Is it necessary to protect the uninfected and treat the sick? Firewall? . In the fifth year of Yuan You (A.D. 1090), Hangzhou experienced drought first and then epidemic. Was Su Shi, then a judge in Hangzhou, founded? Anlefang? Through isolation, countless patients were cured in three years. "continuing education long edition as a mirror" praise:? Boiling porridge, medicinal bait, sending officials to help doctors, different treatment methods, many people are alive. ?

In August of the first year of Chongning (A.D. 1 102), the imperial court will? Anlefang? Rename? Angie Fang? ,? The establishment of Anjifang to support the poor and sick people still makes counties and counties tied. ? Ji Fang isolation ward? Is it a medicated diet to recruit two monks for sick houses and people who have recovered from illness? . In fact, Anjifang is part of the government-run charity system. Living in a nursing home, Anjifang and Louzeyuan are particularly expensive. ?

Thoughtful resettlement of refugees

Control? It also includes controlling population movements. As the saying goes: There must be a great epidemic after a great disaster. ? Limited by productivity and traffic conditions, ancient reliefs are mostly in the city center. As a result, a large number of refugees flooded into cities, increasing the risk of related plagues. The Song Dynasty was obviously aware of this, and Ceng Gong said frankly: As for prizes, the speed of flooding, whether it is true or not, whether it is true or not, whether it is gathering people to make trouble, whether it is difficult to identify censorship, and whether it is not handled well, is enough to cause disadvantages. If you live in groups and the gas evaporates for a long time, you will get sick. ?

In view of this, according to the disaster situation, the Song Dynasty carved disaster relief with the cape as the basic unit to prevent them from flocking to the city. ? Each official is responsible for ten or five or seven points. According to the number of employees, in addition to county officials, choose officials who are moral, honest and honest, and do not commit crimes. ? This not only improves the efficiency of disaster relief, but also helps to control the epidemic.

Plague in Song Dynasty was mainly caused by smallpox, measles, mumps, typhoid fever, dysentery, seasonal gas disease, leprosy, leprosy, head plague and livestock diseases. Frequent outbreaks forced the imperial court, scholar-officials and medical scientists to actively explore the treatment methods and causes of the epidemic, and established a plague prevention and control system with the government as the mainstay and social forces as the supplement, which achieved good results.

The experience of preventing and controlling the plague in Song Dynasty left precious wealth for later generations, and it still has high reference significance today.