Listen to Professor Zhu Ziqiang’s lecture on children’s literature

The old view of children

The father is the guide for the son, which is the Three Guidelines and Five Constant Rules of Confucianism. But Confucianism is also a dynamic and changing system. When it came to Dong Zhongshu, San Gang was proposed.

The view of children in which the father is the guide for the son is an adult-oriented view of children.

This is an important angle to explore the development of children's literature. If China had not shifted from private school education to primary school education, the concept of children's literature might not have emerged.

The emergence of children's literature and modern teaching occurred together.

Children's books published by China's Commercial Press are published as commodities.

The five New Culture Movements carried out language and ideological revolutions. Change the adult-oriented view of children into a child-oriented view of children. Zhou Zuoren played a pioneering role.

When he advocated a child-centered view of children, he advocated equality between children and adults. Children should be equal in personality to adults. Adult society needs to realize that children and adults are very different physically and mentally.

If children are not treated as children, adult things will be recommended to them.

Children's literature is a product of social transformation.

"Ann's Seed"

What kind of book is Ann's Seed?

Children's literature is before us and is the starting point for our literary career.

For example: "Hunter Hailibu" is a folk tale. If it is a folk tale, what should we do when we teach reading?

The teacher is teaching abbreviations. I think there is something wrong with this design. The characteristic of folk literature is that it is concise and lively, without description of scenery, but simply tells stories neatly. "Hunter Hailib" is such a story. It is very different from Andersen's "The Daughter of the Sea". It would not be good to use Hunter Hailibu as an abbreviation.

Read "Ann's Seed"

The front lining is very designed with two lines of footprints, one large and one small

(The teacher reads this story aloud)

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Is this story well written?

Several teachers said it was well written. Can you tell me why?

Teacher 1: An was doing his own thing. He didn’t seem to have done enough homework, but let everything take its course and adapt to everything.

Teacher 2: There are three different ways for parents to raise their children. The first one is to break the hoe and quit. Work on it when you feel interested, and stop when interest stops. The second type is doting parents, and the third type is life is life, experience is life, let it take its course, and exercise when the time is right. Let nature take its course and let your child grow up naturally.

This is a philosophical picture book.

Do you feel bad about it?

Teacher 1: Since it is a children’s picture book, from a children’s perspective, I prefer the introduction in Frog and Toad, “The Garden”. Toad goes to see it every day and sings and reads to the flowers. Tell them that planting a garden is really tiring. After a while, when you look at it, the flowers really bloom. I think this story is suitable for adults to read to children.

Teacher 2: The setting of this character is different from the characters in the human world. This is an adult’s perspective. If you read it to your children, is it meaningful but not interesting?

The first teacher thought the book was well written and followed nature. In the spring, plant it. How does Ann know how to plant seeds? He asked the market to ask.

The three children used different methods. The author denied the children's own exploration, but affirmed An's inquiry. What I question is why only one seed is given to the child. Why doesn’t our education give children ten seeds?

Safety is not true growth.

I give this example just to tell you that discussing children’s literature is not an easy task.

When I wrote the book "The Classics Tell Us", I wanted to criticize the children's literature writers of the 1980s for their difficult words.

I say that children’s literature is natural, authentic, not pale, and its own texture can make a person stand up. Children's literature is because it stands on its own. Simple, not empty, simple and not childish. I think good children's literature has this quality.

For example, philosophy in children's literature

"Fresh Cream Cake" (originally called "Lara and Me", now called "Little Sister Clara")

< p> I was a little brother. One day, when I was living with Clara from the kitchen to the living room, I told my little sister that there was a big cake in the kitchen. As soon as we entered the kitchen, my mother said, this cake is not allowed to be touched. …………

At first glance, children’s literature seems to contain careful thinking, but there is reason and logic inside. When we talk about children's literature, we usually say that it can cultivate logical thinking and rational thinking.

Is there a philosophy in this story? I think there are two.

First, any knowledge comes from experience. In this story, is the salty butter cake bad? Have a taste for yourself.

The other is whether the experience you have observed can be extended to other events. If the left side is not broken, is the right side not broken either? So, is what little sister Clara did right? right.

Finally, both siblings have stomachaches and run to the toilet. Do you have any basis for this? Are you sure you just ate too much? Are you sure the cake is not bad? Maybe the cake is spoiled. This is philosophy. It doesn't tell you the answer, it just makes you think.

I think because cats like themselves more than anyone else, it can be changed to - "Cats like themselves more than they like others."

Why does it live a million times? Still want to survive? Because he has never been himself, he still has to live and be himself.

Having lived a million times, he has experienced too much, so he loves himself even more. In the end, the cat gave up on this self. After meeting the white cat, he gave up on himself. What is the true self?

The second half is very touching as he writes about the cat's process of gaining himself.

Ajia’s recommendation: Maybe this book will save a marriage that is about to fail.

Ideas in children's literature -

"The Very Hungry Snake"

Picture books are visual and auditory art. Adults read them to children, and children appreciate them. painting.

I particularly noticed that Miya Xida also gave him a crown on the little snake’s head. Who can wear the crown?

When I read this book, I will think of Nietzsche. What he said when talking about the construction of human spiritual world. He said that our human spiritual realm must go through three stages. First, our human spiritual realm must go through three stages. You have to become a camel, to be patient and tough, but it is not enough to become a camel. One day, you have to become a lion, to have courage and to fight. It's not enough to become a lion. One day, you have to become a child, innocently and innocently creating everything.

When I faced this little snake, I thought he was amazing. I didn’t have the courage to swallow the whole tree, but this little snake did.

A person’s development is a miracle. Who will create this miracle?

The educational wisdom of children's literature——

"I kept walking and walking"

Teacher Zhu showed this story.

Has this boy always been gone?

No

Our education lacks this kind of idleness for children. There is less time for children to grow up.

It is wrong to pursue education all the time, and exam-oriented education is not possible. Following examination-oriented education, it is impossible for our nation to reach the Sunshine Avenue.

A child in the United States is no longer afraid of death after watching "A Brief History of Everything".

"Dirty Harry" can be told using deduction.

When Harry is tired from playing, he can go home and do a deduction. What will happen when he goes home?

When he got home, his family no longer recognized him. What should he do?

It may be instinctive for Harry to make sounds when doing things in the past.

What will Harry think when he walks out? He pulled out the brush and ran upstairs, begging to be given a bath.

Harry's growth. The brush is hidden under the mat, and I can take a shower whenever I want.

"I am an Elephant"

Book knowledge is important, but always comes second. Your own experience and discovery always come first.