Kneel down and beg for appreciation of Zhongnanshan's poems, and climb the stairs to get angry! ! !

Wang Wei

Its huge height is near Paradise City (1), from mountain to cape (2).

When I look back, the cloud is behind me; When I walked into the fog, it disappeared.

A central peak divides the wilderness and climate into many valleys.

As I needed a place to spend the night, I called a woodcutter on the river.

A: Scenery, clouds, exaggeration, intertextuality. The combination of dynamic and static is magnificent and picturesque, and the scenery loves nature and intoxicated with mountains and rivers.

Translation:

Mount Zhongnan is tall and majestic, almost close to the sky, and the mountains are connected with the ends of the earth. Looking back at the large white clouds that have just retreated to both sides, the faint blue fog has become a hazy fantasy realm. The middle peak is tall and majestic, and it has become a dividing line. There is a great difference between cloudy days and sunny days. It's getting late and I want to find someone to stay, so I have to ask the woodcutter across the water.

Difficult notes: ① Taiyi: the main peak of Zhong Nanshan, another name for Zhong Nanshan, is about 40 miles south of Chang 'an, Tang Jing. It starts from Tianshui, Gansu Province in the west and reaches Shanxian County, Henan Province in the east, stretching for more than 800 miles. Tiandu: Because Taiyi is the best place in the cave, it is called Tiandu, or Chang 'an, Tang Dou. 2 lianshan sentence: the mountain is connected with the cape. The two poems are intertextual. That is, "white clouds look into nothing and look back; When I walked into the fog, they had disappeared. Look back. ".White clouds, white fog. Green haze is also fog, lighter than white clouds. 4 boundary sentence: the north and south of the peak belong to different boundaries. Ancient astronomers corresponded the positions of twelve stars in the sky with the counties on the ground, calling a place the dividing line of a star. ⑤ People: People and villages.

Appreciation and inspiration:

To appreciate this poem, we should first pay attention to the clues and order of the poem. Taking vagrancy as a clue, the author describes Zhong Nanshan in the order of time and space. The first couplet is a vision, which exaggerates the sublimity and vastness of Zhong Nanshan. It is nearly sky high, connected with mountains and ends at the Cape. Couplets are written in the mountains, and mysterious scenes are shrouded in clouds. The scene seen when the neck couplet came to Zhongfeng highlighted the infinite changes of the mountain height and scenery. The tail couplet wrote that climbing mountains and wandering back and forth made me want to find a place to spend the night. The clues are clear and distinct, and in just 40 words, we can see the grandeur of Zhong Nanshan.

Secondly, focus on appreciating the second couplet of poetry. This couplet describes the wonderful scene you saw when you entered Zhong Nanshan in an intertextual way. When the poet entered Zhong Nanshan, he looked ahead and there were white clouds everywhere. He can't see the road, and he can't see other scenery, as if he could float in the ocean of white clouds in a few more steps. However, moving forward, the white clouds continue to be divided into two sides, which is beyond our reach; Looking back, the white clouds on both sides closed again and merged into a vast sea of clouds. This wonderful realm will not be unfamiliar to anyone who has experience in traveling mountains, but who can show it so vividly in just five words except Wang Wei? The sentence "Fog disappeared when I entered them" and the previous sentence "Cloud, when I look back, is behind me" are intertextual, they are intertwined and complement each other. The poet walked out of the vast sea of clouds, and in front of him was a misty blue haze, as if he were moving forward and could touch the blue haze; However, when I walk in, I am not only invisible, but also invisible; Looking back, the green is closed again, hazy and long, but I can't reach it.

climb the stairs

Du Fu

Flowers are close to tall buildings and far away from my hometown. I am very sad. There are disasters everywhere in this country, so I climbed up to see them.

The spring scenery of Jinjiang flooded in, and the clouds on the mountain, ancient, varied and changeable.

The imperial court, like the North Star, will not change in the end, and the Western Hills of Kohl will not invade Tibet.

However, in the twilight, I felt sorry for the sorrow of a long-lost emperor. I sang the songs that his prime minister sang when he was not unfamiliar on the mountain.

A: Write poetry, flowers, architecture, floating clouds, temples, lyrical scenery, comparison between ancient and modern times, broken mountains and rivers, patriotism, and concern for the country and the people.

Precautions:

1, Jinjiang: In the south of Chengdu, Sichuan, a tributary of the Minjiang River, named after Jin Zhuo, Du Fu Cottage is near Jinjiang.

2, come to heaven and earth: come with heaven and earth.

Lei Yu: The name of the mountain is in the west of guanxian, Sichuan.

4. Changes from ancient times to modern times: changes from ancient times to modern times.

5. Arctic sentence: In October of the first year of Guangde (763), Tubo captured Chang 'an and made Li Chenghong, the Emperor of Guangwu, the emperor, living in Shaanxi (now Shaanxi County, Henan Province). Since then, Guo Ziyi has recovered its capital and turned the corner. The meaning of this sentence is that although Tubo is trapped in the capital, the court has never moved like the North Pole. North Pole: Beichen.

6. Xishan bandit: refers to Tubo. In the same year1February, Tubo fell into two new cities, Songsong, Uygur, Bao (both in Sichuan) and Yunshan, and later the states of Jiannan Xichuan also entered Tubo. It means that the court will not change slightly because of the intrusion. So Tubo should not invade each other.

7, "Fu Liangyin": Yuefu title. According to legend, Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion. However, the existing lyrics of Song of Songs are about Yan Ying's double peach killing three scholars, which seems to have nothing to do with Liang's state of mind when he lived in seclusion. Therefore, scholars are skeptical and think that Fu Liangyin is an ancient song. Another said that the singer was Du Fu himself. Publisher: Li Bai also wrote Lyrics of Fu Liang. "Chat" here means that Du Fu also wants to write this song as a gift.

Rhyme translation:

Going upstairs to look at the spring and seeing flowers and wanderers is getting more and more sad;

It is difficult for Wanfang to be full of worries. I'm here to board the plane.

The spring scenery of Jinjiang comes from the edge of heaven and earth;

Clouds in Lei Yu have been unpredictable since ancient times.

The court of Datang is really as unshakable as Polaris;

Tubo Yidimo came to harass the futile invasion again.

It's a pity that Liu was so stupid that he set up a temple to worship;

At dusk, I want to learn to sing like Fu Liang and chat like Kongming.

Comments:

This is a poem with a sense of time and concern for things. The author wrote about going upstairs to see the boundless spring scenery, and he couldn't help but feel sad when he thought of the once-in-a-lifetime and changeable situation. Then I think the imperial court is as unshakable as the Arctic constellation. Even if Tubo invades, it is difficult to change people's orthodoxy. Finally, it reveals the ambition of imitating Zhuge Liang to assist the court, which is full of the spirit of clarifying the world.

The whole poem is lyrical on the spot, describing the impression of climbing the building, pitching and overlooking the mountains and rivers, all from the perspective of space. The word "near" in the first sentence and the word "dusk" in the last sentence play a prominent role in the conception of poetry. "Flowers near tall buildings" is a close-up view, while "Jinjiang", "Lei Yu" and "Houzhu Temple" are prospects. Sunset points out that the poet has been wandering for a long time. This technique of giving consideration to time and space enhances the three-dimensional sense of poetic artistic conception and broadens the realm of poetry's broadness and boldness. Poetry has always been highly praised by poets for its rigorous meter and neat antithesis. Shen Deqian believes that "the beauty of heaven and the cage of the universe are the highest of Du Fu's poems."

This poem expresses the poet's deep anxiety about the national disaster and infinite sadness about serving the country.

The first couplet mentions the whole article, "ten thousand people are so difficult" is the starting point of the whole poem to write scenery and express emotion. In March, the spring is full, and the flowers are near the tall buildings, just for appreciation, but the poet is moved by this scene and can't help it. "Sorrow is not in flowers, but in ten thousand people" ("Jin Shengtan selected and approved Du Fu's poems"). This time, the war is not over and current events are disturbing. The whole poem begins with inverted sentences, and the language is extremely frustrating. Like "Where petals flow like tears" in "Spring Watch", flowers hurt guests' hearts, and they all use the contrast method of happy writing and sad writing.

Zhuan Xu followed "boarding the ship" and wrote down what he saw and heard. The splendid spring scenery on the vast Chengdu Plain, accompanied by the surging of Jinjiang spring water, permeates between heaven and earth. "The clouds in the sky are like white clothes, you must change like a pale dog" (alas). The floating clouds on the top of the mountain in Lei Yu remind the poet of the changes in the ancient and modern world. Among them, "today" means the vicissitudes of the world since the "An Shi Rebellion". Two lyrical sentences, thinking for thousands of years, magnificent and fantastic, with a broad realm. Shen Deqian, a poet in A Qing, commented on this poem "The weather is majestic and the universe is covered" ("Three Hundred Tang Poems"), mainly aiming at these two sentences. Starting from the fourth sentence, the couplet describes the current situation of "how difficult it is for 10 thousand people", which is also my idea when I boarded the plane. "How difficult is it for 10,000 people?" It is impossible to write all of them, so I only focus on things like Tubo being trapped in the capital and disturbing Sichuan. This is a catastrophe after the Anshi Rebellion. The last sentence "never change" inherits the fourth sentence "change from ancient times to the present", which shows that the Tang Empire has a long history of luck. It is precisely because the author firmly believes that "the imperial court will never change" that the next sentence says "non-aggression" against the wishes of Tubo. The word Yan Yizheng is awe-inspiring, showing a firm belief in burning anxiety. Wang Siyuan, a scholar of Amin Dynasty, said: "The Arctic court has a long history, such as the river of Jin, which will never change; And' bandits of the Western Hills' are like clouds on the jade base, so they don't come to invade each other "(Du Yi). The internal relationship between abdominal joint and parallel joint is well expounded.

William expressed his gratitude for the monument he saw when he climbed the building. His words were euphemistic and ironic. Liu Chan, the late ruler of Shu, still enjoys the sacrifice, but he really has no way to conquer the king of the country, which can only make people feel sorry. This is entirely through the sight of places of interest, lamenting Liu Chan's death of employing people, and making a sharp and profound satire on Tang Daizong's favorite eunuchs Cheng and Yu Chaoen, making it difficult for ten thousand people to invade. Sum up a sentence and hurt yourself. Du Fu is a man who is willing to commit suicide in times of crisis and reports to the Lord in times of crisis. However, at this difficult time, he can only climb stairs here and recite poems, just like Zhuge Liang who worked hard in Longmu in the past, but he is ill in his later years and has no ambition. How can he not be sad! This is the main reason why the first sentence "flowers are as high as my window and hurt the hearts of wanderers".

The whole poem expresses the feelings of the scenery, and the mountains and rivers are magnificent, which is connected with the changes of the ancient and modern world. Artemisia can penetrate the natural scenery in difficult times and integrate natural scenery, national disaster and personal feelings. His writing is extensive and profound, which well reflects the poet's depressed artistic style.

Shufen

Lu you

I don't know the difficulties in the world at an early age, and the Central Plains looks like a mountain.

On a snowy night, the boat crossed Guazhou, and the iron horse dispersed in the autumn wind.

Stuffed on the Great Wall, making empty promises, the sideburns in the mirror have long faded.

"Introduction" is a real name, and it can't compare with anyone in a thousand years.

A: Write about snow, autumn wind, the Great Wall with broken mountains and rivers, and moving south to love the country and worry about the country.

Translation:

When I was young, I didn't know that things were difficult. Looking north, the Central Plains spirit occupied by Jin people is like a mountain.

Appreciate that Liu Kun and others once defeated the Nomads from Guazhou Ferry with tall warships on a snowy night, and Wu Lin and others once defeated the Nomads from Guazhou Ferry in the autumn wind.

I think of myself as the great wall of the frontier for nothing, and my aging hair has turned gray in front of the mirror.

The article "A Model" is really world-famous. Who can be similar to Zhuge Liang for thousands of years?

Appreciate:

In the spring of 13th year (1 186), Lu traveled to his hometown. Lu you was sixty years old when he traveled, which is obviously not my age. However, the poet was exiled and had to stay idle in his hometown, thinking that the mountains and rivers were broken and the Central Plains had not been collected, and he felt that there was no battlefield to serve the country and die. He felt that the world was difficult, that the villain had lost his country, and that "the scholar was helpless and loyal to the minister", so the poet was depressed and resentful about generate. Those who are "angry with books" express oppression and anger in their chests.

"The national enemy did not hold the strong man old, and the sword in the box rang at night." When the hero is useless, he will return to the memory of Ma Tiejin Ge. At that time, the poet looked north at the Central Plains, and the heroic spirit of recovering lost land was like a mountain. How energetic! Did the poet ever think it would be so difficult to kill the enemy and serve the country? I thought that if I dedicated myself selflessly and served my country wholeheartedly, my country would be fulfilled by me. I didn't expect traitors to obstruct and destroy me and be deposed many times. At the beginning of the poem, the poet asked himself how depressed and angry he was.

The sentence "Story of the Building" describes Song Bing's resistance to the nomads from the southeast and northwest, and it is also a summary of the poet's past travels. In the thirty-first year of Shaoxing, Song Gaozong (1 16 1), Yan Hongliang, the gold owner, invaded the south, and Song Jun refused to defend it in Guazhou, and then the army of nomads retreated. This is what the last sentence refers to. In the eighth year of Ludao (1 172), Luyou attended the Wang shogunate in Nanzheng. The poet and Wang Yan actively planned to invade Chang 'an, once crossed the Wei River and passed the three passes with the Nomads Normal University. The next sentence refers to this. The glorious past summarized in these two sentences is in sharp contrast with the present situation of "intentional killing of thieves and inability to return to heaven". "I am afraid to wait for me and hate him for another year." Why does the poet cry when he wants to return to the Central Plains? From the perspective of poetic art, these two poems also show Lu You's great poetic talent. When the "building ship" (magnificent warship) is combined with the images of "night snow", "iron horse" and "autumn wind", it is two open and magnificent battlefield scrolls. Image selection is very clean and typical.

In the sentence "On the Great Wall", the poet uses allusions to express his ambition. Tan Daoji, a famous Liu and Song player in the Southern Dynasties, once called himself "the Great Wall of Wan Li". The emperor wanted to kill him. He said, "Destroy the Great Wall of Wan Li." Lu You made a promise to himself, showing that he was magnificent when he was young, defending his country and showing off his force in the frontier. Who else? However, what about now? The poet's unfinished anguish hangs on a word "empty" Ambition failed, struggle failed, everything failed, but looking in the mirror, I was the first to fall, and my head was bald! Compared with the two, how sad is it? Think again, this ending is not caused by my disappointment, not by my failure to do my best, but by my mistakes and the world grinding me! I have a heart, God forbid. Sorrow is depression and anger.

Look at the tail link again. I also use code to express my ambitions. Zhuge insisted on the Northern Expedition. Although he was called "but he died before he conquered", he was finally known as "heroes cried on their coats from then on". After thousands of years, who can compare with it? Obviously, the poet's code deliberately belittles the mediocre villain in charge of the ruling and opposition parties, indicating that his ambition to restore the Central Plains will also be "famous in the world". The poet can't find comfort in reality, so he has to put his soul longing for comfort in the future, which is naturally helpless. The poet has to pour out his frustration when he is depressed.

Looking back at the whole poem, we can see that every sentence is full of energy, and every word is full of energy. Anger is a poem, and the poem is full of anger.