The first volume of eighth grade Chinese courseware

With the development of modern educational technology, multimedia, as a brand-new teaching method, has entered the classroom more and more. The following are the relevant materials of the practical Chinese courseware in the first volume of the eighth grade that I compiled for you. Welcome to read!

The first volume of Chinese practice courseware for grade eight: the teaching objectives of Badong Three Gorges;

Knowledge goal:

1 Be sure to read the betting words in the text and understand the meaning of the words.

Master rhetorical devices such as parallelism, metaphor and personification.

Master the poems, proverbs and allusions quoted in the text and understand their functions in the text.

Ability goal:

1 Clarify the context of the article, and master the writing time and spatial order of the author.

2. Grasp the writing characteristics of this article, which is informative and loving.

Learn the different description methods adopted by the author according to the characteristics of each scene.

Emotional attitude values

Cultivate students' feelings of loving the great rivers and mountains of the motherland and enhance their conscious awareness of protecting the environment.

Analysis of Teaching Emphasis and Difficulties

Key points:

1 Learn the different description methods adopted by the author according to the characteristics of each scene.

2. Grasp the writing characteristics of this article, which is informative and loving.

Difficulties:

Master the narrative writing method of travel notes with knowledge, talent and emotion.

Teaching process:

first kind

First, import

1. Recite Li Bai's Early Making Baidicheng;

Say goodbye to the colorful clouds in Bai Di. Thousands of miles in Jiangling, one day.

Apes on both sides of the strait kept crying. The canoe has crossed Chung Shan Man. )

2. Question: ① Where is this poem written?

3. Introduction to the author

Sister Liu, a modern scholar, writer and translator, 1904- 1977, from Yueyang, Hunan. 1925 entered the institute of waseda university in Japan. After returning to China, he served as a professor at Anhui University, director of the Chinese Department of Sichuan University, dean of the College of Arts of Jinan University, and editor of Dadong Bookstore. After the founding of New China, he served as a professor at Fudan University, acting director of the Chinese Department, member of the Standing Committee of the All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and deputy director of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Agricultural Workers' Democratic Party. China's masterpiece of literary history. He is the author of On Characters in Wei and Jin Dynasties, Thoughts and Characters in a Dream of Red Mansions, and An Introduction to German Literature.

4. Introduction to Three Gorges

The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, one of the top ten scenic spots in China and the first of the top 40 tourist attractions in China, is the most magnificent canyon in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, consisting of Xiling Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Qutang Gorge. The Three Gorges, with a total length of 193km, spans Hubei and Chongqing, starting from Chongqing Baidicheng in the west and reaching Nanjinguan in Yichang in the east, and is praised as a "landscape gallery" by tourists.

Here, the peaks on both sides of the strait are sandwiched, the harbor surface is narrow and tortuous, and the beaches and reefs in the harbor are dotted with turbulent water. The text Three Gorges, which we learned in the seventh grade, is a vivid description of the magnificent scenery of the Three Gorges. There is a saying in ancient poetry: once the sea was difficult for water, it was amber forever. People who have seen the sea in Wang Yang have no respect for the water in other places, except for the colorful clouds in Wushan. This shows the beautiful scenery of Wushan sea of clouds. Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, has a famous poem "Arrive at Baidicheng Early", which is also a spectacular scene describing the Three Gorges for an instant.

Now the Three Gorges, with the construction of the huge Three Gorges Project, has become a world-famous tourist hotline. There are many beautiful scenery in the Three Gorges tourist area. In addition to the steep natural scenery, the famous cultural landscapes include Baidicheng, Du Feng Ghost Town, Zhongxian Shi Baozhai, Yunyang Zhangfei Temple and Gezhouba Project.

Second, read the text aloud.

Next, let a classmate read Sister Liu's travel notes "Three Gorges in Badong". Let's listen to the beauty of the Three Gorges in Sister Liu's works, and ask the students to think: What impression did the Three Gorges give you?

Students communicate freely and speak freely.

Third, clarify the thinking of the article.

Students clearly discuss and communicate:

1. Analyze the structure of the article according to the content of the text.

The article is written first and then divided, in chronological order.

The first part (1, 2 natural paragraph): It has been written that the Three Gorges is sinister.

The second part: (3~9 natural paragraphs) describes the scenery of Xiling Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Qutang Gorge respectively.

The third part: (10 natural paragraph) Write the mood after leaving the Three Gorges.

2. From Yichang to Chongqing, the author swam the Three Gorges upstream. Where did he pass along the way?

The ship set sail from Yichang.

Starting from Xiling Gorge, * * * is divided into four sections: Huang Mao Gorge, Dengying Gorge, Kongling Gorge and Micang Gorge, with Xiangxi as the outlet.

The ship crossed the border to return to Badong and entered Wuxia Gorge.

Cross Wushan and enter Qutang Gorge.

After crossing Qutang Gorge, we will arrive at Baidicheng, and finally the boat will dock on the river bank of Kuifu.

The order of the author's travel (first of all, it is necessary to make clear that the author traveled from Yichang to Chongqing to the upper reaches of the Three Gorges)

Yichang-Xiling Gorge (Huang Mao Gorge, Dengying Gorge [including Huangling Temple], Kongling Gorge [including Niuganmafei Gorge and Kong Ling Beach], Micang Gorge, (Xiangxi)-Zigui, Badong-Wuxia-Qutang Gorge (Baidicheng, Mrs. Sun).

Fourth, read the text intensively and taste the language.

1. In the Three Gorges, Wuxia is the most attractive place for tourists. Listen to the reading and recording of the seventh and eighth paragraphs of the text, find out what these two paragraphs have written, and see where the ontology of martial arts is now.

(These two paragraphs mainly describe the rivers, mountains and seas of clouds in the martial arts. )

2. Read the seventh and eighth paragraphs freely and find a parallel sentence, an anthropomorphic sentence and a figurative sentence respectively.

① Comparative sentence: "The river is narrow, dangerous, steep and tortuous." This sentence captures the words "narrow", "urgent", "tortuous" and "many beaches" and highlights the dangers of the river.

2 personified sentences: "This peak is very high, and that peak is higher. A row in front, a row in the back, and countless rows in the back. You surround me, I surround you, you bite me, I bite you. " This sentence highlights the characteristics of mountain peaks-high. It is very vivid to describe the towering Wuxia Mountain with personification, which brings the mountains to life.

(3) The witch's cloud "has everything from cattle and horses to tigers and leopards." This sentence vividly describes the fantastic and changeable clouds.

Fly hard, fly hard, always feel that it is not easy to fly over the peak.

By repeatedly using rhetorical devices, it is written from the side that birds can't fly over the peak, which sets off the sublimity of the peak.

5. Read the text carefully and complete the table in groups:

Landscape features, poetic feelings, proverbs and allusions

Always say the Three Gorges: sinister, the most sinister. The Wuxia Gorge of the Three Gorges in Badong is long, and the apes are shocked by tears.

Xiling gorge:

Huang Mao Xiashan is high and dangerous, and the water is urgent.

Jiangbei Mountain in Deng Ying Canyon is steep, dry and tasteless. Jiang's impromptu poems are relaxed and leisurely. Nanshan is exquisite and beautiful, with lush and lovely trees. Konglingxia Niuganmafeixia: The mountain is like a knife, and the green beach is not a beach, which is extremely terrible and becomes a narrow gate. Kong Ling is the Ling Gang Beach at the Gate of Hell: water pours down from a height.

The water in Micang Gorge is not as urgent as before, but the mountain is steeper.

Thousands of mountains and valleys are close to Jingmen, and girls grow up here.

Martial arts: water risks, strange mountains, strange clouds, interesting.

Qutangxia: The mountain is slightly flat, and the water is still dangerous. Liu Huangshu is lonely and desolate.

Baidicheng and Lady Sun Temple;

Pine trees, eight arrays, bells

After walking through the Three Gorges: the mountains are wider, the rivers are wider and the water level is flatter. relaxed

Abstract of intransitive verbs

The Three Gorges is a scenic spot in China. The magical and magnificent natural scenery and its human landscape fascinate us. I hope the students will have the opportunity to experience the magical scenery of the Three Gorges.

Seven. homework

1, word accumulation, explanation, sentence making

2. Exercise 4 after class

Second lesson

First, review.

Students collect relevant information, communicate in groups, and recommend representatives to take the stage to tell the imaginary scene after the completion of the Three Gorges Project.

Second, analyze the function of quoting poems, proverbs and allusions.

1. Folk proverb "The Wuxia Gorge in the Three Gorges of Badong is long, apes crow three times, and tears spill on their skirts."

Rendered the sinister and sad atmosphere around the Three Gorges, and set the tone for the full text.

2. The author's impromptu poem "Huangling Temple has Jiangnan flavor and weeping willows".

The "Jiangnan flavor", "weeping willows" and "flowers" in the poem vividly describe the beauty of the landscape around Huangling Temple. Highlighting the beautiful environment of Huangling Temple.

3. Proverbs "Green beach is not a beach, reclamation is the gate of hell".

It shows the sinister and terrible beaches in Kong Ling. The first sentence highlights Kong Ling beach by contrast, and the second sentence describes Kong Ling beach by "the gate of hell", which is obvious and daunting.

4. Poetry: "Wan He is close to Jingmen, and the girls are in the village".

It highlights the wonderful use of the word "Qu" in the poem, and further shows the mountains along the river bank like Ma Benteng. The last sentence of the poem also praises the princess Wang Zhaojun of the Ming Dynasty.

5, the allusion "Liu Huangshu entrust an orphan"

On the one hand, the article describes the lush, exquisite and lovely trees in Baidicheng, on the other hand, it also describes the tragic story of Liu Huangshu orphans here, which highlights the rich historical and cultural connotation of the Three Gorges scenery and is even more intriguing.

Step 6 summarize

Since ancient times, all famous mountains and rivers have formed indissoluble bonds with celebrities, poems, proverbs and allusions, showing a strange phenomenon of * * * glory and nature, complementing each other and shining each other. On the one hand, the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is a natural landscape, ranking first in the world because of its majesty, strangeness, precipitousness and beauty. On the other hand, it also lies in its numerous cultural landscapes. Thanks to the poets and poets who devoted themselves to the Three Gorges in the past dynasties, they left a series of glorious footprints on the mountains and rivers and wrote immortal poems for future generations. How many eternal songs and stories are flowing in the endless torrent of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River! The Three Gorges gave the literati literature nourishment and creative passion, and they rewarded the Three Gorges with Wen Zhen, Mo Bao and celebrity effect.

Third, taste the language

Thinking exercise 3: Students discuss, communicate and summarize.

1, the author summed up the risk of the river in a very concise language, and the four comparisons are short and powerful, which gives people a sense of suffocation when reading. "Narrow, sharp, tortuous and many beaches" is chilling. The parallelism sentence is neat, slightly changed and harmonious and interesting to read.

2. Grasping the characteristics of many peaks and heights, the arrangement of languages is like the waves of the sea, each wave is higher than the other, giving people a sense of hierarchy. Using anthropomorphic techniques, the model of chasing after each other and keeping up with the joneses is vividly displayed. In addition, the authentic technique of "you surround me, I surround you, you bite me, I bite you" gives people a sense of cycle, which is very interesting.

3. With the image of "like cattle and horses, like tigers and leopards", the various forms of the sea of clouds in Wushan are vividly written. In addition, it is more interesting to highlight the clouds in Wushan than those in Lushan by means of comparative writing.

Fourth, summarize the writing characteristics of the article.

1. The article narrates and describes the scenery in turn according to the author's travel notes. Well organized. This paper first makes a general introduction, and then goes upstream to describe and describe Xiling Gorge, Wuxia Gorge and Qutang Gorge respectively. When describing the longest Xiling Gorge, it is introduced in four paragraphs, which is clear at a glance.

2. When introducing the scenery, you can grasp the characteristics and be appropriate and detailed.

3. Use a variety of rhetorical devices and writing techniques to describe the scenery vividly. Use personification, metaphor, parallelism and other rhetorical devices to highlight the characteristics of the scenery, and use the brushwork of comparison, contrast and contrast to highlight the sinister nature of the Three Gorges.

4. In this paper, ancient poems, proverbs and his own impromptu poems are quoted appropriately, which plays a role in making the finishing point, being concise, rendering the atmosphere and adding charm to the travel notes.

Verb (short for verb) homework

Practice two or three after class.

Attached book design:

1 Badong Three Gorges

Yichang-Xiling Gorge (Huang Mao Gorge, Dengying Gorge, Kongling Gorge and Micang Gorge)

-Zigui, Badong-Wuxia-Qutangxia-Jiang 'an of Kuifu

The first volume of Chinese practice courseware for grade eight: the teaching goal of Zhouzhuang Yunshui

1, students read the text by themselves, combined with the illustrations in the teaching materials, and feel the moving charm of Zhouzhuang water town as a whole.

2. Let the students talk about the impressions left by the author's three trips to Zhouzhuang.

3. Focus on reading and savoring a passage that the author went to Zhouzhuang for the third time, and realize its accuracy and vividness.

elegant language

training/teaching aid

1. Choose a picture of Zhouzhuang water town and paste it on the blackboard.

2. Draw a picture of Zhouzhuang

Teaching time

2 class hours

teaching process

Lesson 65438

First, create situations and introduce new lessons.

Zhouzhuang is located in the southeast of Suzhou and southwest of Kunshan, which was called Zhenfengli in ancient times. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was called Hancheng. Kangxi year was officially named Zhouzhuang Town.

Zhouzhuang is a Zeguo, because the river has become a street, showing a simple, clean and quiet school. It is a typical "small bridge and flowing water family" in Jiangnan. Although it has experienced more than 900 years of vicissitudes, it still retains the original style and pattern of the ancient water town, just like a pearl embedded in Dianshan Lake.

Today, in this class, we will take you into Zhouzhuang and feel the touching water rhyme there.

Second, the preliminary reading of the text, the overall perception

1. Listen and find the difficult words in the text. And with the help of reference books and materials to answer.

2. Teachers check the preview effect.

Colorful? These colors are very bright when mixed together.

Blurred? Blurred, difficult to distinguish.

Dazzled? bright

Crystal clear? Bright and transparent

Uneven? Irregular, inconsistent

Listen carefully? Listen carefully

Skilled? Skilled

Swaying? shake

Describe her voice as soft as crying.

Rapid change describes a lot of changes that have taken place in a short time.

It's fleeting, and it will disappear with a little relaxation.

3. Read the text by yourself and think:

(1) "I" have been to Zhouzhuang several times. What impression does it give me every time?

(2) What's the difference between this travel book and the Three Gorges in Badong?

Third, read the text intensively.

1, explain the first three paragraphs.

Question: The first three paragraphs describe the overall impression of Zhouzhuang Water Town. So, what impressed me the most?

2. Explain the scene and feelings of "I" in Zhouzhuang twice before.

First time? Zhongchun? Xuan paper ink painting

The second time? Winter? Printed matter with strong color contrast.

The second time I went to Zhouzhuang, I not only wrote the "dazzling" color, but also wrote the dripping sound and running water sound when the snow melted. Gently describing the underwater sound makes Zhouzhuang scenery not only "color" but also "sound", which is more moving.

Read the fourth paragraph together.

4. Read the passage "The second time I went to Zhouzhuang was in winter, and I can never imitate it with human musical instruments". Savor it.

second kind

First, review and consolidate.

Second, explain the drought situation and feelings of the author's third visit to Zhouzhuang.

1. Read the fifth paragraph silently and think in combination with the first question of "Thinking and Practice":

When the author went to Zhouzhuang for the third time, he mainly described the festival night scene he saw at the end of the ancient town. In what temporal and spatial order did he write it?

Students answer and teachers summarize:

chronological order

Spatial Order: From "Shore" to "Water"

Take a night cruise by boat and describe the hazy scenery in the water. The boat crossed the arch bridge and reached the end of the ancient town.

From "Heaven" to "Earth"

Write about the fireworks in the night sky and the reflection in the river, as well as the cheers of the ancient town.

2. History and reality are linked together.

Question: Where can we see that the author organically links the ancient town's long history with reality?

After the students answer, the teacher summarizes.

3. Q: In addition to writing about stone bridges and flowing water, the article also spent a lot of pen and ink describing colored lights, flower boats and fireworks. Why do you write about an ancient town like this?

It shows that the ancient town water town is full of vitality after the reform and opening up, which reflects the happy life of Zhouzhuang people and has the consciousness of opening to the outside world.

4. Find out the figurative sentences in the text and analyze the effects expressed.

Third, read the attachment "Jiangnan" and think about the difference between Jiangnan described in the poem and Jiangnan described in the article.

4. Recite the phrase "I went to Zhouzhuang for the second time in winter, ~ ~ ~ ~ I can never imitate it with human musical instruments".

5. assign homework.

1. Read the text emotionally.

2. Thinking practice

Attached board book design

3. Qinghai Lake, a magical lake.

Teaching objectives

Knowledge target

1, grasp the emotional clues and observation order of this article, and cultivate students' ability to observe the scenery.

2. Learn how to capture the vivid description of scenery features.

3. Learn the vivid words and various rhetorical devices in this article.

capability goal

1. Enjoy the vivid and beautiful language of this article by reading aloud.

2. Contact with real life to enhance students' awareness of environmental protection.

Affective goal

1, understand the beauty of Qinghai Lake, and let students love the colorful motherland more.

2. Cultivate students' awareness of environmental protection.

Teaching focus

1. Understand the author's description and experience the fantastic beauty of Qinghai Lake.

2. Taste and appreciate vivid and beautiful language, and learn vivid words and the use of various rhetorical devices.

Teaching difficulties

Grasp the key sentences and the emotional clues of this article.

Class arrangement

2 class hours

teaching process

first kind

First, the introduction of new courses.

Nature is full of intoxicating beautiful scenery. In the beautiful west, there is a lake called "Lake of Dreams" by the world, and there is a song praising this "Lake of Dreams". The name of the song is Qinghai Lake. I let everyone learn this song last weekend. How do students learn? Now let's show our songs to the teachers here, shall we?

Second, a brief introduction to Qinghai Lake

Qinghai Lake is the largest inland saltwater lake in China, located in the northeast of Qinghai Province, with a distance of Xining 150km, a width of 63km from north to south, a circumference of more than 360km, an area of more than 4,500km, an altitude of 3,200m, an average water depth of nearly 20m and a storage capacity of 75.4 billion cubic meters. The salt content is 6‰. The salinity is 15g/L ... Qinghai Lake was called "West Sea" and "Qianghai" in ancient times, also known as "fresh water" and "fresh sea". Also known as "Hai Xian" in the Han Dynasty, it was renamed "Qinghai" since the Northern Wei Dynasty. The Tibetan name is Cuobumbu, and the Mongolian name is Kukunod, which means "blue lagoon".

Three. Brief introduction of the author

Feng Junli, female, born in Tianjin, 1956, was the deputy director of Qinghai Institute of Literature and Art. He published dozens of essays, reportage and short stories.

Fourth, read the text for the first time and feel it as a whole.

Students can read the text freely, eliminate text barriers and think while reading;

1. What are the clues for the author to describe the scenery of Qinghai Lake?

Clear: This article is based on the author's footprint, that is, on the road, in Qinghai Lake, leaving.

2. Find out the relevant sentences from the text and talk about the order in which the author watched Qinghai Lake.

Clear:

Check the order of related sentences.

Qinghai Lake is coming ... Arriving at Qinghai Lake.

In front of my eyes, it is a green grass beach inlaid with dew ... look at the grass beach.

Behind the green and yellow, there is an endless blue lake ... to see the lake.

Looking pleasing to the eye again, the place where the water meets the sky is a dark cloud that has not yet retreated ... pay attention to the dark cloud.

Further up, it is the clear sky unique to Wan Li after the rain. Look at the clear sky in Wan Li.

This light blue sky stretches behind me ... there are rolling dark brown mountains on the grass beach. Watch the grass beaches and mountains.

The sun is getting brighter and brighter, and the outlines of three or five bird lake islands are reflected on the blue mirror ... watch the bird islands.

We continued our journey along the grassy beaches and blue lakes. End of viewing

The author is standing in a fixed place to watch the beautiful scenery of Qinghai Lake. This observation method is the "fixed-point observation" method: from near to far, from top to bottom, clear pronunciation and mellow voice.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Read the text carefully and analyze the structure.

1, read the text together, clarify the structure of the article, and understand the thoughts and feelings revealed between the lines of the author.

2. Discussion and communication:

(1) This paper can be divided into three parts. What is written in each part?

(2) From which parts is Qinghai Lake described in detail?

(3) How to understand the word "dream" in the title?

Clear: (1) This article is naturally divided into three parts: before swimming, during swimming and after swimming.

The natural paragraph of the full text *** 12 can be divided into three parts.

The first part (1 ~ 4) is about Qinghai Lake.

The second part (paragraph 5 ~ 1 1) is to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Qinghai Lake.

The third part (12), leaving Qinghai Lake.

The structural diagram is as follows:

Abstract of intransitive verbs

What should we learn from the study of this article? What knowledge should we know and what ability should we cultivate?

We should understand the fantastic scenery of Qinghai Lake, cultivate our ability to observe and imagine things, and understand the author's feelings, which can be reflected in emotional reading.