Please briefly talk about the artistic features of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang.

Generally speaking, it is: realistic carving technique, paying attention to detail description.

1974 In March, villagers in xiyang village, east of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum in Lintong, Shaanxi Province, accidentally discovered a miracle that shocked the world. After careful excavation by archaeologists, a major historical relic was born, which immediately attracted the attention of the whole world. Known as "the eighth wonder of the world" and "the most spectacular discovery in the archaeological history of the 20th century", this is the famous Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang.

Three pits of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the First Qin Dynasty were found, but 1 pit was not built, which was sequentially numbered as 1 pit to No.4 pit. More than 100 chariots, more than 600 pottery horses, nearly 8,000 pottery figurines and other bronze weapons were excavated. The excavation of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang showed the world a large and well-organized Qin Shihuang Guard, symbolizing the powerful army of the Qin Dynasty. Although the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Han Dynasty have been unearthed in Xianyang, Xuzhou and Wuwei, they can't be compared with the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang in terms of scale and production technology. "The Art of War" begins with a clear meaning: "Soldiers, the important events of the country, the place of life and death, and the way of survival must be observed." From this, we can see that the ancient army occupied an important position in the country, and we can also see the mystery of Qin Shihuang's reunification of the country.

For the time being, regardless of its grand scale and fine arrangement, from an artistic point of view, it embodies a high artistic level and can be called a fine work of art. The artistic feature of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang is its high realism. The army lineup displayed in the pit of Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang was completely designed according to the actual situation in Qin Jun at that time, so the Terracotta Warriors and Horses were also made according to the actual size. The sculptures before Qin Dynasty were mainly decorative, while the Terracotta Warriors and Horses used realistic depiction, which had obvious portrait and sketch characteristics. Generally speaking, the height of pottery figurines is about 1.8 meters, and the highest can reach 2 meters, all of which are big. Generally, Ma Tao is 2 meters long and 1.7 meters high, which is as big as a real horse, with accurate proportion and vivid image. Such a large-scale group of Ma Taoqun is also a breakthrough in the history of sculpture in China. The second is vividness. The realism of Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses is not simply imitated according to reality, but through artistic treatment. Different figures, different ranks, different personality characteristics and different mental outlook are all reflected in Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses. It can be seen that its modeling description not only achieves "likeness", but also achieves "likeness". The heads of Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses are the most exquisite, and some of them are eyebrows, dignified and solemn; Some faces are handsome and smiling slightly; Some of them have wrinkles and mature faces ... All kinds of characters in Qin Jun are vividly represented by detailed descriptions of their faces. The vivid features of Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses are also expressed through artistic exaggeration and refinement. Its depiction is not to pursue details, but to grasp the key parts for artistic treatment. For example, it is unrealistic to thicken the eyebrows to make the face feel more three-dimensional and treat the beard as flying or curly, but it highlights the personality. The same is true of Ma Tao, who portrayed the horse vividly with the general shaping method of washing and tempering. In addition to the exquisite and changeable shape of the horse's head, the limbs and chest have been exaggerated by freehand brushwork, with sharp edges and corners, prominent tendons, rounded hips and slightly concave waist, which makes them look strong and powerful. There are not too many complicated lines, which are smooth and rhythmic, making people feel like real horses, but it seems that nothing can be found in reality. Flexible and diverse artistic skills are also one of the artistic features of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang. The depiction of Qin figurines is not single, but uses a variety of artistic techniques. Contrast is one of them, such as depicting subtle armor and simple lower body clothes, exquisite military attache, hairstyle and simple figure. These contrast treatments are based on the unity of the overall effect, which makes the image simple and rich, simple and refined, and local and refined without losing the overall momentum. In addition, the Qin figurines are also the unity of round carving, relief carving and line carving, and have successfully created a vivid warrior image by using traditional folk techniques such as plastic, piling, kneading, pasting, carving and painting. Every terracotta warrior and terracotta warrior is a complete unity, which can be described as a combination of various characterization methods. In addition, the true colors of the Terracotta Warriors are actually painted. It's hard to imagine that the dusty terracotta warriors in the pit are actually colorful. Today, due to fire and natural destruction, we can't see their colorful appearance, but fortunately, there are still traces of residual color in some pottery figurines and horses. These colors are red, green, blue, white, black and yellow. It is conceivable that when the pit was built, the colorful pottery figurines stood neatly in a military posture, and the scene was so brilliant and spectacular. What is more commendable is that the colors painted on Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses are not simple and uniform, but have undergone strict color configuration, which reflects the overall color effect. Generally speaking, terracotta warriors and horses are mostly red shirts, green or blue undershirts, pink hands and faces, green or ochre sleeves and collars, black nails and red lines connecting them. These all have certain rules and patterns. This combination of painting and modeling has become a supplementary means of sculpture techniques and an indispensable part of the rich artistic expressions of Qin terracotta warriors.

The art of Qin figurines occupies an important position in the history of ancient sculpture in China. It is the inheritance and development of the artistic tradition of the previous generation, and has a far-reaching influence on the emergence and development of sculpture art in later generations. First of all, it carried forward China's realistic artistic tradition and laid the foundation for the sculpture art of later generations. Secondly, the washing of Qin figurines was inherited and developed after the Han and Tang Dynasties, which became an important artistic feature of China plastic arts. In addition, the combination of painting and modeling has injected new vitality into China ancient sculpture and broadened the development path of China sculpture art.

The art of Qin figurines is a model in the history of ancient sculpture art in China. His artistic style and techniques were inherited and developed by later generations, which made his artistic tradition go back to ancient times. Today, people from all over the world watch this world miracle with great surprise and praise. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang are the pride of our nation and the precious heritage of world culture.