"Tang Ju Fulfills His Mission" Classical Chinese Translation

[Original text]

The King of Qin ① sent people to address Lord Anling and said ②: "I want to exchange land of (4,500) miles to ⑤ Anling, Lord Anling. ⑥I wish you a humble man!" Lord Anling said: "The great king favors ⑧, and it is very good to change the big to the small ⑨. Although ⑩(11), I received the land from the previous king (12), I am willing to (13) keep it till the end of (14), Don't dare to change!" King Qin did not say (15). Lord Anling sent Tang Ju to Qin (17) because of this (16).

The King of Qin said to Tang Ju: "I used a land of five hundred miles to move to Anling, but Lord Anling didn't listen (18) I, what's wrong? And (19) Qin destroyed Han and Wei, and ( 20) You want (21) fifty miles of land to save (22), and (23) you are the elder (24), so I don’t mean (25). Now I want to give you ten times the land, please wide (26). ) To (27) the king, and the king rebels against (28) the widowed people, does he underestimate the (29) widowed people and (30)?" Tang Ju said to him: "No, it is not the case (31) that Lord Anling accepted the land from the previous king. Even if you don't dare to change it for (32,000) miles, how can you keep it (33,500) miles straight?"

King Qin was angry (34) and said to Tang Ju: "Gong (35) also tasted it "Have you heard that the emperor is angry?" Tang Ju said to him, "I have never heard of it." The king of Qin said, "The emperor is angry, and there are millions of corpses and blood flowing for thousands of miles." Ju said: "Has your Majesty ever heard that Buyi's (40) anger?" King Qin said: "Buyi's (41) anger is also (42) without his hat (43) and only (44) in his bare clothes (45), and snatches (46) with his head. "Di'er (47)" Tang Ju said: "This is the anger of a mediocre man (48), not the anger of a scholar (49). The man (50) stabbed Wang Liao (51), and the comet attacked (52). ) month; Nie Zheng stabbed Han Puppet (53), Baihong (54) passed through (55); Yaoli stabbed Qingji (56), and Cang (57) eagle struck the three sons (58). 59) They are all men in commoner clothes, and they are still angry. Hugh Xi (60) descends from the sky, and he and his ministers are killed. If the soldiers are angry (61), they lay down two people, bleeding for five steps, and the world is plain. (62), today is (63). "Stand up with your (64) sword.

The King of Qin looked at him (65), knelt down (66) and thanked him (67) and said: "Sir, sit down! Why is this! I have ordered (68): (69) Han and Wei will be destroyed. , and Anling is fifty miles away, only (70) and (71) Mr. : Ying Zheng, later known as Qin Shihuang. ②Said...: Say... to.... ③Idiot: A person with few virtues. In ancient times, princes or scholar-bureaucrats used a humble term for themselves. After the Tang Dynasty, only the emperor could call him an oligar. ④To: use. ⑤Easy: Exchange. ⑥It: Adverb, used in sentences to express speculation, hope, exhortation, command and other moods. It can be translated as "probably, hope, possibly, definitely" etc. ⑦Xu: Promise, promise. ⑧Hui: Favor. ⑨Big and small: Adjectives are used like nouns, referring to large and small areas of land respectively. ⑩Although: Although. (11) Ran: So, so. (12) Receive the land from the previous king: that is, "receive the land from the previous king", the adverbial is placed later. Yu, from. The late king, the deceased senior king. (13) Wish: hope. (14)End: forever. (15) Said: Tong "joy". (16) Cause: So, just. (17) Envoy to Qin: That is, "envoy to Qin", the adverbial is placed later. Yu, preposition, to. To envoy, to send an envoy. (18) Listen: obey. (19) And: Conjunction, let’s talk again. (20) And: turning conjunction, however, but. (21) With: preposition, by virtue of. (22): Particle, used at the end of the previous clause to indicate a certain result or phenomenon, and the next clause explains the reason. (23) With: preposition, bar. (24) Elders: Old people, here refers to moral and honest people. (25) Wrong meaning: that is, "cuo meaning", keep it in mind. Wrong, pass "measure" and arrange. (26) Guang: The adjective is used as a verb, meaning "expand". (27) Yu: preposition, give. (29) Light: despise, the adjective is used like a verb. (30) Same as: "椤(yǘ)", interrogative modal particle. (31) If so: like this. (32)Although: even.

(33) Zhi: adverb, but, only, only. (34) 怫(fú)Ran: Angry look. (35) Public: You, honorific title. (36): Cancel the independence of the sentence "The Emperor is angry" and make it act as the object of "hear". (37): Cancel the independence of the sentence "The Emperor is angry" and make it an adverbial expression of time. (38) Fu: Make... fall down, use the method. (39) Liu: Make... flow, use the usage. (40): Cancel the independence of the sentence and make it act as the object of "smell". (41): Cancel the independence of the sentence "Bu Yi Nu" and make it an adverbial expression of time. (42) Also: just, just. (43) No hat: take off the hat. Free, take it off. (44) Disciple: Naked. (45)跣(xiǎn): barefoot. (46) Grab (qiāng): bump, hit. (47) Er: Just open the "ear". (48)Mediocre person: mediocre and incompetent person. Husband, adult man. (49) Scholar: In the pre-Qin period, the meaning was more complicated. It first referred to unmarried men, the lowest class among the slave-owning aristocracy, and also referred to warriors, warriors, righteous men, and scholars. This refers to a hero with ambition and courage. (50) Fu (fú): pronounce words. (51) Zhuan Zhuzhi stabs Wang Liao: When Zhuan Zhuzhi stabs Wang Liao. In other words, the independence of the sentence "Zhu Zhuzhi Wang Liao" is cancelled, making it function as a time adverbial. Zhuan Zhu was a native of Wu during the Spring and Autumn Period. Wang Liao, the king of Wu. Prince Guang wanted to kill Liao and establish himself as king, so he sent Zhuanzhu to hide the dagger in the belly of the fish and assassinate King Liao in the name of offering the fish. (52) Raid: attack, invade. (53) Nie Zheng assassinated the Korean puppet (guī): When Nie Zheng assassinated the Korean puppet. In other words, cancel the independence of the sentence "Nie Zheng assassinated the Korean puppets" and make it function as a time adverbial. Nie Zheng was a Korean during the Warring States Period. Han Puppet, also known as Xia Lei, is the Prime Minister of South Korea. The Korean doctor Yan Zhongzi had a grudge against the Korean puppets, so he sent Nie Zheng to assassinate the Korean puppets. (54) Baihong; white gas. (55) Pass: straight forward. (56) When you want to (yāo) leave the thorn to celebrate the Ji: When you want to leave the thorn to celebrate the Ji. In other words, the independence of the sentence "Yao Li Ci Qing Ji" is cancelled, making it function as a time adverbial. Yaoli was a native of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period. After Prince Guang assassinated King Liao, King Liao's son Qing Ji fled to Wei State, and Prince Guang sent Gaoli to kill him. (57) Cang: Tong "Cang". (58) Strike on the palace: that is, "strike on the palace", the adverbial is placed after. Hit, beat. (59) Zi: A good name for a man. This can be translated as a good man. (60) Xiu Xi (jǐn): Xiu, a good omen; Xi, a bad omen. Xiuxi is a compound word with a partial meaning, and the meaning of the word is "祲", which is the (three) bad omens mentioned above. (61) Bi: True. Tianxia: People from all over the world. (62) 缧

(gǎo) Su: white silk fabric, also refers to filial piety. The verb used here is to wear white clothes and wear filial piety. (63) is: this, this. (64) Ting: pull out. (65) Seluo: There is an expression of surrender on the face. Color, complexion. (66) Long kneeling: The ancients sat on the ground. When kneeling, they straightened their backs and looked longer than when sitting, so it was called long kneeling. (67)Xie: Apologize. (68) Yu: Same as "Yu", understand. (69) Fu (fú): pronounce words. (70) Tu: adverb, only. (71) With: preposition, because, because.

[Translation]

The King of Qin sent someone to say to Lord Anling: "I want to exchange an area of ??five hundred miles for Anling. Lord Anling (you) should agree to it. "Okay." An Lingjun said: "(Thanks to) the king's favor, it is great to exchange the big one for the small one. However, (I) inherited the fiefdom from the late king (there), and I always want to keep it for life. , I dare not exchange (with others)." King Qin was very unhappy. So Lord Anling sent Tang Ju as an envoy to Qin.

The King of Qin said to Tang Ju: "I exchanged a place of five hundred miles (circumference) for Anling. Lord Anling did not obey me. What was the reason? Besides, the Qin State was destroyed. Korea (and) Wei were lost, but Lord Anling (yet) survived with a territory of fifty miles (circumference), (because I) regarded Lord Anling as a loyal and honest man, so I don't mind now. I used ten times the land (in Anling) to ask Anlingjun to expand his territory, but Anlingjun refused. (Does he look down on me?" Tang Ju replied: "No, it's not like (what you said) ) That’s it.

Lord Anling had to protect the land he received from his ancestors, and would not change it even if it was thousands of miles in radius. How could it only be five hundred miles in radius?"

The King of Qin was furious and said to Tang Ju: "Have you ever heard of an emperor being angry?" Tang Ju said: "I have never heard of it. King Qin said: "When the emperor is angry, he will let millions of corpses fall to the ground and let the blood flow thousands of miles away." Tang Ju asked: "Have you ever heard of the people being angry?" King Qin said: "When the people are angry, they just take off their hats, go barefoot, and bang their heads on the ground." Tang Ju said: "This is what happens when mediocre and incompetent people get angry, not the angry behavior of ambitious and capable people." When Zhuan Zhu assassinated King Liao of Wu, the tail light of the comet swept across the moon; when Nie Zheng assassinated the Han puppet, the white light went straight to the sun; when he was about to assassinate Qing Ji, a goshawk hit the palace. Weird things). These three heroes are all ordinary people. Before the anger in their hearts breaks out, a bad omen falls from the sky. Together with me (today), I am afraid that there will be four. If a good man is really angry, and there are only two corpses lying on the ground, and they cannot move five steps with blood, everyone in the world must wear white filial piety. Today (is) this (situation). " He stood up while drawing his sword.

King Qin showed a look of fear on his face. He stood up and apologized to Tang Ju and said, "Sir, please sit down! Where can I go?" ) to this point! I understand: South Korea and Zhao were both destroyed, but Anling (yet) exists today with a territory of fifty miles (circumference), just because of you, sir. "

[Appreciation]

This story describes the King of Qin's attempt to seize Anling in the name of changing the place. Lord Anling was unwilling to give in and sent Tang Ju as an envoy to the Qin State to confront the King of Qin. The story of the struggle; praising Tang Ju's valuable qualities of being resourceful, calm, strong and fearless in the face of danger.

The beginning of the article explains the reason why Anling Jun sent Tang Ju as an envoy - the King of Qin "wanted to spend five hundred miles." "The land is easy to Anling", but Lord Anling is willing to "keep" his own land forever. On the surface, the Qin State is "taking the big to eat the small", but in essence it is "taking the big to eat the small". Although he only talks a lot, King Qin The bullying, ferocious and cunning face has been fully exposed, implying that dealing with such an opponent is not only an arduous but also dangerous task, which provides a strong foundation for Tang Ju to fulfill his mission below.

From the second chapter. At the beginning of the paragraph, the article focuses on the face-to-face struggle between Tang Ju and the King of Qin. When the King of Qin saw Tang Ju, he questioned Lord Anling in an arrogant manner, and continued to accuse Lord Anling of not knowing how to praise him. , dared to "look down upon" himself. Faced with this arrogant attitude of overpowering others, Tang Ju was calm, calm, and upright, and retorted with reason, safeguarding the dignity of the country. After the King of Qin was frustrated, he became angry and said "Hundred corpses." To intimidate the opponent with a war of "thousands of people, bloodshed for thousands of miles". Tang Ju counterattacked tit for tat, first citing the historical facts of Zhuanzhu, Nie Zheng, and Yaoli assassinating powerful people; then he used "two corpses were laid down, bloodshed for five He warned the King of Qin of the consequences of "stepping forward, the world is in peace"; and then "rising up with his sword", showing his determination to die with the tyrannical King of Qin. He forced the King of Qin, who was fierce and inwardly embarrassed but unreasonable, to "kneel down and thank him" and won the battle. Tang Dynasty won the battle. Ju is not afraid of the enemy, and is wise and courageous. His actions embody the core of "fulfilling the mission".

The whole text is carefully organized, with the beginning and end of the story briefly explained, with two paragraphs in the middle. Detailed description of the struggle between Tang Ju and the King of Qin is focused and detailed. The use of dialogue to depict the characters is another significant feature of this article. It promotes the development of the plot, especially Tang Ju's last paragraph, which is righteous, pressing, sonorous and powerful. How can it not be admired?