How much do you know about Beijing Opera? Try to write a short article of about 200 words to introduce it.

Composition 1: Peking Opera was formed in Beijing during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty (one said it was formed during the Daoguang period). Its predecessor was Hui Opera, commonly known as Pihuang Opera, which was the most popular in Tongzhi and Guangxu years.

Huizhou Opera entered Beijing in A.D. 1790 (the 55th year of Qing Qianlong). The earliest Huizhou Opera Troupe entered Beijing was the prestigious "Sanqing Class" in Anhui. Later, there were four classes in Beijing, such as "Four Happiness", "River Lip" and "Chuntai", which were collectively called "Huizhou Class Four".

During the Daoguang period, Han was transferred to Beijing and absorbed by the tune, forming a confluence of Hui and Han tune. Strictly speaking, the two names should be different: Er Quan only represents the original emblem tune, while Piquan is a new emblem tune including Xipi. By the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, it was called Pihuang Opera. During Guangxu and Xuantong years, Jingpi Spring Class went to Shanghai to perform one after another. Because the "Leather Spring" sung by the Beijing class is different from the "Leather Spring" sung by Anhui, it is more pleasing to the ear, so it is called "Beijing tune" to show the difference. After the Republic of China, the pear orchards in Shanghai were all controlled by the Beijing School, so they were officially called "Beijing Opera". "Peking Opera" originated in Shanghai and then spread to Beijing.

Composition 2: Peking Opera was formally formed about twenty years after Daoguang (1840). At this time, all kinds of singing formats of Beijing opera have been initially possessed, the language characteristics of Beijing opera have been formed, and the role of Beijing opera has also undergone new changes. A number of operas with Peking Opera characteristics appeared, and the first generation of Peking Opera actors also appeared: Yu Shengsan, Zhang Erkui and Cheng Changgeng were known as the "three Ding Jia", and Cheng Changgeng was a representative figure in this period. He made more efforts than other Peking Opera actors in the same period in integrating Han Hui tune and absorbing Kunqu opera to transform and improve it. He made a great contribution to the formation of Peking Opera performance art and played a great role in the development of Peking Opera in later generations.

Industry division of labor has a long history. About seven or eight hundred years ago, in the era of Yuan Zaju, many trades were divided. At that time, the nouns of these trades were called foot color, which were roughly divided into three categories: Duan, Dan and Jing. The end is divided into positive end, outer end and blunt end, denier is divided into positive denier, outer denier and coated denier, and the mesh is divided into mesh and subgrid. Among them, Zheng Mo and Zheng Dan play the main roles. At that time, the division of these trades (foot color) was not so scientific and meticulous as it is now, and the meanings and manifestations of various trades were quite different from those on the stage now. By the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, when Kunqu Opera was popular, the division of trades became more and more accurate, and it was divided into 12 kinds of foot colors, which were called twelve-foot colors of rivers and lakes: old life, positive life (equivalent to niche), foreigner, late life, orthodoxy, niche life (equivalent to boudoir life), attached life and old pedant face (equivalent to net). Han opera * * * is divided into 10 types: one end, two clean, three lives, four Dan, five ugly, six crooked, seven small, eight sticks, nine husbands and ten miscellaneous. The content of the roles played by these ten trades is probably like this: finally, the main male role, that is, the lifeline in Beijing opera; The net, like the net in Beijing opera, refers to the painted face; Dan is the Dan in Peking Opera, which refers to the female role; Iron egg is the abbreviation of iron egg. Iron eggs in the early Peking Opera were divided into different trades, among which iron eggs were relatively minor roles, commonly known as two eggs. For example, Tie Dan now plays Miss Yingying in the Beijing Opera "Matchmaker". Husband, play the role of coachman, sedan chair, stable boy and chief. Generally speaking, these ten types of Han opera are divided in detail, which lays the foundation for the division of Beijing opera. Beijing opera was later divided into four categories: raw, Dan, clean and ugly, which seemed simpler and more concise. However, each category includes several subcategories, so in fact, these ten kinds of transactions are included. Not only included, but also more detailed and rigorous. The only difference is that although Han opera has a lifeline, its main business is the same as Yuan Zaju, but it is still the end, not life. When it developed into Peking Opera, life and tourism became the main business.