A series of English questions, please answer!

Question 1, 3, 5, 6, let me introduce a commonly used translation software, lingoes. You can download the dictionary you need from lingoes website, and you can install multiple dictionaries at the same time, from the most basic Chinese-English, English-Chinese, to Longman, Oxford and other pure English dictionaries, from word definitions to phrase examples, which is very convenient to use.

This film is only suitable for adults.

People in China may take it for granted that this film is only for adults. But intended for sb/sth has sth is planned or designed for sb/sth, such as:

This book is for children. This book is designed for children.

And the passive sentence permit ... to be honest, I have only seen someone being allowed to do something, or something being allowed by someone, but I really have never seen permission for someone ... at least I feel a little ... sweating. The landlord will verify it himself.

Like comparing the meanings of several words, Chinese may have similar meanings and it is difficult to analyze. In fact, if you look up the English definition of each word, for example, it will be better understood;

Be superior to [something]/[someone].

The water flooded our knees. The water is above the knee.

We are flying above the clouds. We are flying above the clouds.

The people who live in my apartment upstairs live in my apartment upstairs.

A naval captain is above an army captain.

Overemphasize the surface of someone [something] and partially or completely cover them/it partially or completely covers the surface of someone/something.

A position higher than sb [sth] but not touched; Be in a higher position above someone [something] and not contact with the objects below, which is synonymous with the above.

She covered the sleeping child with a blanket. She draped the quilt over the sleeping child.

He wore a coat over his suit. He wore a coat on his suit.

She put her hand over her mouth to stop her elf from screaming. She covered her mouth with her hand to avoid shouting.

They gave her a big umbrella. They held a big umbrella over her head.

The balcony protrudes above the street. The balcony juts out of the street.

In order to deepen the impression, we can repeatedly substitute the above examples to understand the difference.

8. The differences between those quantifiers are basically countless differences. You can know this by looking it up a little.

9. Predicative clauses, in understanding, are clauses that act as predicative clauses in sentences. I searched Baidu Encyclopedia for specific usage and posted it to you.

Predicative clause

A definition:

Predicative clauses are predicated by a sentence. Explain what the theme is or what it looks like [1]. Nouns, adjectives or words or phrases equivalent to nouns or adjectives act as predicates together with connecting verbs.

This question is confusing.

This question is rather confusing.

Subject connects verb adjectives as predicative.

The question is when we can get a raise.

The question is when we can get a raise.

Subject-connecting verbs act as predicative-predicative clauses in sentences.

B conjunctions connecting predicative clauses are: that, what, who, when, where, which, why,

Whether, how.

He has become a teacher.

He has become a teacher.

He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.

He has become what he wanted to be 10 years ago.

She has been there for an hour.

She stayed there for an hour.

She stayed where I stood yesterday for an hour.

She has been standing where I stood yesterday for an hour.

His suggestion is very good.

His suggestion is very good.

His suggestion is that we should keep calm.

His suggestion is that we should keep calm.

This question is confusing.

This question is rather confusing.

The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

The question is, when will he arrive at the hotel?

Who will go to Beijing with me tomorrow? Who and I will go to Beijing tomorrow.

Why did he cry yesterday?

Why did he cry yesterday?

How can I persuade her to join our party?

How can I persuade her to join our party?

Whether the enemy is coming towards us.

Whether the enemy is coming towards us.

Second, pay attention to:

Predicative clauses must use declarative word order.

The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.

B You can't use if, but use what to connect predicative clauses (except if).

When is used after prepositions and can be used interchangeably when guiding object clauses.

When you are at the beginning of a sentence, use whether.

Used when guiding predicative clauses, subject clauses and appositive clauses.

Error: The question is whether the enemy is coming towards us.

Right: The question is whether the enemy is coming towards us.

It seems that he has understood the problem.

C is not like an object clause. In complex sentences with predicative clauses, the tense of the main clause and the tense of the clause can be inconsistent.

The question is who will go to Beijing with me tomorrow.

Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.

It cannot be omitted in predicative clauses.

[Edit this paragraph] Basic usage of predicative clauses

Predicative clauses can only be placed after the main clause, and the verbs in the main clause can only be linked verbs.

When noun clauses are used after verbs such as be, they are called predicative clauses. For example, the question is how can we get what we need. The problem is how we can get what we need. //Scissors are not what I need. This pair of scissors is not what I need. My opinion of him is that I will find him a good play. What I told him was that I would find him a good script. What is the direct object in the subject clause? That is the leading word of the predicative clause, which does not serve as a sentence component in this predicative clause and cannot be omitted.//This is what I want to tell you. That's what I want to tell you. That's why she failed in the exam. This is the reason why she failed in the exam. (why acts as an adverbial of reason in predicative clauses)

Note: "This is why ..." is a common sentence pattern, meaning "This is the reason/therefore ...", in which the noun clause led by Why is used as the predicate in the sentence, which is usually used to summarize the explained reasons. For another example, that is why you saw this old woman, Jeanne, before you knew it. Jenny, this is why this old woman appears in front of you now. As mentioned above, Jeanne was deeply surprised that the old woman looked old and haggard. The speaker summed it up with this sentence after telling her the reason. //That's why I came. That's why I'm here.

Here are two structures similar to "That's why ...". , and the relationship between them, "this is why ..." should be clearly distinguished:

(1) "This is why ..." is synonymous with "That is the reason for ...", except grammatically, why does "That is the reason for ..." lead to an attributive clause, from which the reason is removed, and the structure of "That is why ..." is the same, for example:

That's why I can't agree. That's why I can't agree.

(2) In the sentence pattern "That's because …", the noun clause guided by the subordinate conjunction "because" is used as a predicate, which is also a common sentence pattern, meaning "Why is this …/because …". "That's because ..." "That's why ..." is that "that's because ..." refers to the reason or reason, and "that's why ..." refers to the consequences caused by various reasons, such as:

He didn't go to the movies last night. That's because he has to help his little sister with the housework. He didn't go to the movies last night because he had to help his sister with her homework. (The first sentence explains the result, and the second sentence explains the reason)

He has seen this film before. That is why he didn't see it last night. He had seen the film before, so he didn't go to see it last night. (The first sentence explains the reason, and the second sentence explains the result)

[Exam 1] The traditional view is that _ _ we sleep because our brains are "programmed" to let us do so. (Shanghai in 2007)

A. when? Why?

[answer] d

After the underline, there is an predicative clause containing the adverbial clause of reason. If it is not obvious that it acts as an predicative clause of the whole sentence structure, it is difficult to grasp the meaning of the whole sentence. Therefore, we should choose the one that can guide the noun clause and does not act as any component.

[Question 2] You are saying that everyone should be equal, which is _ _ _ I disagree. (2004)

A. Why B. Where C. What D. How about it?

[answer] b

[Analysis] The leading word at the underline leads to the predicative clause after the verb is, which acts as a locative adverbial ("disagree" is an intransitive verb, and "I disagree" itself is a complete subject-predicate structure). The underline should be filled with the guide word where, and the predicative clause "where I disagree" means "where I disagree".

[Question 3]-Last week, I drove to Zhuhai to watch the air show.

Did you take a few days off? ( 1999)

A.when and where

[Answer] A.

[Analysis] The leading word at the underline leads to the predicative clause used with the copula is, and acts as an adverbial of reason in this predicative clause. The underline should be filled with the leading word why, indicating the result caused by some reason.

[Question 4] _ _ What she doesn't understand is that fewer and fewer students are interested in her class. (Shanghai in 2000)

A. what; Why B. that; What C. what; Because D. why; that

[Answer] A.

[Analysis] The leading words underlined in the first line guide the subject clause and act as objects in the subject clause, especially what she doesn't understand, and should be filled in with the leading words of relative pronouns. The second underline means "therefore ..." (indicating the consequences caused by some reason, and the corresponding noun clause is guided by why) instead of "why ..." (indicating the reasons and reasons, and the corresponding noun clause is guided by because), and the guide word Why should be filled in.

[Question 5] _ _ _ makes the school proud, because more than 90% of the students are admitted to key universities. (Spring in Shanghai in 2003)

A. what; Because B. what; that

C. that; What d. that; because

[answer] b

[Analysis] The guide word underlined in the first line guides the subject clause, which acts as the subject in the subject clause, specifically instructing the school to choose the relative pronoun guide word what；; The second underlined leading predicative clause indicates the reason, and the corresponding noun clause should be preceded by that.

[Question 6]-Are you still thinking about yesterday's game?

Oh, that's _ _. (Beijing Spring 2003)

A.b., whatever I'm excited about,

C.when I feel excited

[Answer] A.

[Analysis] Option A means "something that excites me"; Option b means "anything I'm excited about"; C option means "how I feel about it"; Option D means "time that excites me". Among the four options, A is most suitable for the subject representing "game" and acts as a predicative clause.

The relationship between predicative clause and object clause

Do not belong to

Both object clauses and predicative clauses belong to nominal clauses. Its function is the same as that of nouns in sentences. Therefore, the sentence that acts as the object is called the object clause, and the sentence that acts as the predicative clause is called the predicative clause.

object clause

(1) For the object clause, we should grasp the following three points.

Word order: The word order of clauses must be the word order of declarative sentences, that is, the form of "subject+predicate".

② Tense: When the main clause is the general present tense or the general future tense, the clause can be any tense, while when the main clause is the general past tense, the clause and the clause tense must be in the past tense range, that is, (the general past tense, the past continuous tense, the past perfect tense and the past future tense).

③ Conjunction: When the meaning of the clause is complete and the meaning of the main clause is affirmative, the conjunction is that and can be omitted; When the meaning of a clause is complete, the meaning of the main clause is uncertain or negative, and if or what is often used. When the meaning of a clause is incomplete, a conjunction is a special interrogative word used to replace the incomplete part.

Predicative clause

The clause that plays an predicative role in a sentence is called predicative clause, which is located after the verb in the main sentence. The leading words of the predicative clause are the same as those of the subject clause. It is also a kind of noun clause.

What the police want to know is that when you enter the room.

The problem is that we are short of funds. The difficulty lies in our lack of funds.

This is what we should do. This is what we should do.

That's why I want you to work there.

His first question is whether Mr. Smith has arrived. His first question is whether Mr. Smith has arrived.

Note: interrogative sentences in clauses are normal word order, that is, declarative word order.

As if, as if, because it can also be used to guide predicative clauses.

It seems that she has done something great.

That's because you eat too much.