Bai Zhou's poems

Pan He Bai Zhou, Pan Yeqi Liu. If you are worried, if you have hidden worries. I don't have any wine, so I can swim in Aoyi.

I have an evil heart. I can't be rude And brothers, you can't rely on them. A thin sentence will make you angry.

My heart is full of stones, but I can't turn it around. I'm full of bandits. I can't get involved. Wei Yidi, don't be casual.

Trouble is quiet and small. Many people are detained, but many are insulted. Calm down and think about it, and there will be a slap in the face.

The sun, the moon and the moon, overlapping and tiny? Worry in the heart is like a robber's clothes. Think quietly, but can't fly.

To annotate ...

1, pan fàn: the same as "pan", with an erratic appearance. White boat: A boat made of cypress. Hey (crying kū): cut and hollow.

2. There are auxiliary words. These two sentences mean that the white boat is vague and endless. The author uses it to compare his own life.

3. Hey: Uneasy look.

4, such as: Jude "and". Hidden: deep. Huainanzi? It's called "Shan Xun", which is quoted as "Yin", and the unprecedented "Worry" is the worry of hidden songs. "Yin worry" is a big worry, and everything can pass.

5. micro: no, no.

6. Here it is. Ao: It's not that I have no wine to relieve my worries, nor that I can't travel, but that neither drinking nor traveling can solve my worries.

7. bandit: no. Sword: mirror.

8. such as (such as rú): inclusion and accommodation. The above two sentences mean that my heart can't face a figure like a mirror, no matter good or bad.

9, according to: rely on.

10. My humble opinion: See the article "Complaining". Hey (Susie): Tell me.

1 1. The above four sentences say that stones can be turned over and mats can be rolled up, but my heart is not like this. In other words, you can't do as the Romans do and you can't bend your mind.

12, Dignity: Dignity, courtesy. Didi: There is still a "ranking ranking", and the order of ranking up and down is not chaotic.

13, selected: pronounced "Xun (Xun xùn)", which means submission.

14, quietly: bitter.

15, Yun (Yun Yan): angry. Small groups: there are many villains.

16, T (T u): Pass T, meet. "Chu ci? Wang Yi's annotation "Regret for the Past" is quoted as "Li". Min (min mǐn): It hurts. Because I was angry with the clique, I suffered a lot of pains and insults, so I had to "quietly worry." "

17, Jing Yan: To be "quiet" means to be careful.

18, Bi: "Jade" is cited as "Yi", which means "Fu" heart. Biot: Plop. The more I think about it when I wake up, the more painful it is. First I rubbed my chest, then I beat my chest.

19, ju, Zhu: auxiliary words.

20. Overlap: Change means rotation. Micro: The text is obscure and plain. "Xiaoya? At the turn of October, the article "Although the moon is small, this day is small" refers to the solar eclipse, and the word "micro" here has similar meaning. The above two sentences ask why the sun and the moon replace the eclipse, but they don't always shine on the world with light. Speaking straight is often unable to express your feelings.

2 1, dragon (for Hu): wash. Like bandits' clothes: like unwashed clothes. What the above two sentences say is that the troubles in my heart can't be removed, just like the dirt on my clothes can't be washed away. The longer it grows, the bigger it gets.

Solution and original text

The author of this poem was created by a "clique", unable to fly, unwilling to yield, full of resentment and nothing to say, so this euphemistic song was used to appeal. As for the identity and gender of the author, there are different opinions, such as a gentleman who is frustrated in the DPRK, a widow who refuses to marry, and a woman who cannot aspire to her husband. Judging from the language in the poem, such as the metaphor of "clothes like bandits", the tone seems to be more suitable for women. From the sentence "brothers, no evidence", we can also see that the reasons for the author's sadness and resentment are more family disputes than political frustration.

Yu Guanying's Modern Translation

Bai Zhou drifted with the tide and could not rest. I can't sleep with my eyes, and I have a lot of troubles in my heart. It's not that there is no wine to drink, nor is there no place to travel.

My heart is not much better than a bronze mirror. I shoot both the good and the bad. I have brothers, but brothers are hard to trust. I threw up my anger at him and he glared at me.

My heart is hard to compare with a stone. How can I move with people? My heart is hard to compare with a summer mat. I can roll it if I want. People have dignity, things have bodies, and people can't ride their necks.

I have a lot on my mind, and the villain is a thorn in my side. Endless suffering, enduring countless bullying. I put my hand on my chest and thought about it. I suddenly woke up and my heart beat faster.

Ask the sun and the moon, why is there light like no light? Heart disease can't be washed clean, like a pile of dirty clothes I put my hand on my chest and thought about how to fly high.

Vernacular translation

Row a small cypress boat and drift to the middle stream. If you are nervous, if you have sadness in your heart, it is difficult for you to fall asleep. It's not that you can freestyle with your hands up and down without wine in your hand.

My heart is not a bronze mirror, and it is difficult to tell good from evil. Although there are brothers and compatriots, it is difficult to communicate with each other. Speak with pain, they are ruthless and angry.

My heart is not like that stone. I can't move or transfer. My heart is not like a reed mat, and it is not easy to roll it up. You have a magnificent prospect, and my heart will not choose anyone else.

Full of sadness and anxiety, resentment and resentment are hard to get rid of. There are many disasters and many humiliations. It's hard to think about it quietly, beating my chest and not sleeping.

Hate the sun and the moon, why is there no light? Worry in your heart is like not washing dirty clothes. If you think about the past quietly, you can't fly to heaven.

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explain

This is a good poem with feelings and words. Yu Pingbo believes: "The whole wording is euphemistic and restrained, and the metaphor is ingenious and meticulous, which is not easy to find in the simple Book of Songs." There has been a long debate in history about the author and theme of this poem. To sum up, there are mainly two schools: one thinks that the author is a male benevolent government, and the Preface to Shi Mao says: "It is not good to talk about benevolence. When Wei Qing was in the crowd, the benevolent people did not meet, and the villain was on the side. " Another school thinks that the author is a woman, and Lu Shi thinks that it was written by Mrs. Wei Xuan, saying that "virgins refuse to change their minds, so there are bandit poems." Modern scholars believe that it was written by women. When we observe the lyricism of the whole poem, we find that there is a bitter voice without radical language, which really doesn't look like a man's tone. Judging from the content of the poem, this is a poem of resentment, which is about a woman who hurts herself and suffers untold pain.

The whole poem consists of five chapters and thirty sentences. The first chapter starts with "Pan-White Boat, Pan-"and compares it with White Boat. These two sentences are empty, and they are function words. The boat made of cypress is very strong, but it floats in the water and has no one to rely on. Here is a metaphor to describe a woman's vacillating mentality. Therefore, it will be "sleepless, if there are hidden worries", and when it is implemented with a pen, there will be a figure of a troubled woman sleeping in the dark night. Drinking and inviting people to travel can help people solve their worries, but this kind of "hidden worry" can not be solved by drinking and traveling, which shows that the pain is deep and it is difficult to sell. The second chapter is closely linked with the previous chapter, and it would be great if someone could share this unavoidable sadness! Although the woman resigned to her fate, she couldn't bear it. At this moment, I want to get it off my chest. When you want to talk to someone, the first thing you think of is your brother, but it's "groundless." Reluctant to go, but also to "meet and hate each other late", old grievances have not been spit out, and new enemies have been added. Your own brothers and sisters are still like this, let alone others? Confucianism can't be said, and it can't be said. In the words of Li Qingzhao, a poetess in the Song Dynasty, it is really "the first time, how can I get a word' sorrow'" (slow voice). The third chapter is introspection. The first four sentences use metaphors to illustrate that although you can't worry, your inner firmness has a different stone pad, and you can't give in to others. "Di Weidi. I can't stand others, but they can't take away my ambition. I must keep my dignity and never give in. Reading poetry at this point can not help but make people admire from sympathy. So where does the hero's mountain of sorrow come from? The fourth chapter of the poem gives the answer: it turned out that it was restricted by small groups and could not be dealt with. " Many slaves are humiliated "is a antithesis, telling the story of the protagonist, which is really full of bitterness." In the evening, I think about all this quietly, and I can't help but sigh and feel sorry for my life. At the end of the chapter, the first two sentences, "The sun lives in the moon, and the lake is very small", turn to the time when the sun and the moon are helpless. The sun and the moon are the messengers of heaven and the source of light. Poverty leads to poverty. "So, you are tired, tired, can not but want to shout to heaven. "(Sima Qian's words), women complain that the sun and the moon are obscure, in fact, because women's minds are too deep, so that the sun and the moon lose their luster. My heart is so eager for freedom, but I have the heart to fly and no strength to fly, so I can only give up with a sigh. Words are like tears, and the image of a sad and angry woman is in front of us. So what is the heroine like? What do you mean by villain? In the opinions of various schools, it seems that the heroine is more inclined to think that the small group is a concubine.

The whole poem closely follows the word "worry", so deep that there is no resentment, no diarrhea and no solution. The five chapters are in one go, with dignified and euphemistic language and strong and profound feelings. The poet used a variety of rhetorical devices, and the use of metaphor was even more incisive. "My heart is full of bandits, but I can't turn around." My heart is full of bandits. Can't roll ",a few words are the most wonderful, and are often quoted by later poets. (Fu Junlian)