How to build a mushroom shed for cultivating flower mushrooms?

There are currently two types of mushroom farms used to cultivate flower mushrooms: one is a border-type mushroom farm built in a shade shed, and the other is a covered three-dimensional shelf-type mushroom shed.

(1) Construction of the shade shed. The outdoor large field mushroom cultivation shed consists of two parts: the shade shed and the border mushroom field.

①Construction of outdoor shade shed. Choose an outdoor open space or a large field with convenient water sources, build a shade shed, and determine the shade shed area based on the number of cultivations. Generally, a shade shed (mushroom farm) does not exceed 667 m2 (1 mu) (8,000 to 10,000 small bags with a diameter of 10 cm can be placed). The height of the shade shed is 2.5 to 3.0 meters. The scaffold should be strong and covered with thatch or plastic sunshade net. The surrounding area should be properly shaded with thatch, reeds, or crop straw, so as to provide shade and ventilation while protecting it from the harm of poultry and livestock trampling. A vegetable plastic greenhouse used for off-season cultivation, plus a sunshade net, can be used as a shade shed for cultivating shiitake mushrooms.

②Construction of border-style mushroom farm. The border-type mushroom farm is located in the above-mentioned awning. The length depends on the topography of the awning, and the width of the border is 1.2 to 1.4 meters. The border surface should be flat or slightly turtle-shaped. Wires should be drawn longitudinally on the border surface. The distance between the wires is 20 cm and 25 cm away from the border surface. The middle should be properly supported to ensure that it is still parallel to the border surface after bearing the load. Pedestrian passages are reserved between the borders, and ditches are dug around the mushroom field for drainage. (2) Construction of three-dimensional shelf-type mushroom sheds. The border-style mushroom farm set up in the shade shed was originally a mushroom farm used to cultivate ordinary shiitake mushrooms (mushrooms) in a bag-free manner. Some mushroom farmers have now converted it to flower mushroom cultivation. Although flower mushrooms can be cultivated in the base, management is difficult. At present, the two-stage system is commonly used to cultivate flower mushrooms, that is, growing mushrooms in a border-style mushroom field to promote budding, and building a three-dimensional shelf-type mushroom shed to cultivate flower mushrooms. In order to facilitate dehumidification and flowering, the shelf-type mushroom shed should not be too large, so there is often a saying of growing flower mushrooms in three-dimensional bags in small sheds. The mushroom shed is 6.5 meters long, 2.5 meters wide and 2.5 meters high. The two ends of the mushroom shed are built with brick gables, leaving a door 1.8 meters high and 0.5 to 0.6 meters wide in the middle. The pedestrian passage in the shed is as wide as the door, 1 meter wide on both sides, and has 2 rows of bed frames on each side. The bed frame has 5 upper and lower layers, with a distance of 35 cm between layers, and the bottom layer is 25 cm above the ground (Figure 4). Each mushroom shed can hold 500 large bags with a diameter of 15 cm, or 650 small bags with a diameter of 10 cm. There should be natural shade or artificial shade above the shelf-type mushroom shed, and the degree of shade changes according to the seasons. Generally speaking, it is measured as "seven points yang and three points yin" in winter and spring, and "seven points yin and three points yang" in late spring and early summer or autumn. Various places can make appropriate adjustments to the shade degree according to the growth and development stages of shiitake mushrooms and the light and temperature conditions.

Figure 4 Schematic diagram of three-dimensional shelf-type mushroom shed 1. Mushroom house channel 2. Shelf 3. Mushroom tube (bag) 4. Plastic film