Shanbei minsu

1, turn to Jiuqu

"Zhuan Jiu Qu" is also called "Zhuan Deng" among the people, which belongs to a folk ritual activity. People pray for the blessing of the gods to drive away evil spirits, eliminate disasters and take refuge within one year, so that people and animals will be safe, the crops will be abundant, safe and healthy, and happiness will be beautiful.

Lantern Festival is usually held on the evening of the fifteenth day of the first month. Some villages also have fixed days, such as the fifth, seventh, eighth and third day of the first month. There are also many villages that do it casually after the Yangko in the first month, or when the Yangko teams in other villages mourn. There is no fixed date.

2. Female customs

In the past, the traditional concept of "men are superior to women" has been deeply rooted in the customs and habits of women in northern Shaanxi.

After the reform and opening up, women were completely liberated, men and women were equal, and women held up half the sky. Some taboos are gradually abandoned and broken, while others are brought into the ranks of spiritual civilization and continue to be used.

3. Folk custom and jujube

Jujube is a major specialty in northern Shaanxi, mainly distributed along the Yellow River and the lower reaches of Wuding River in northern Shaanxi. It has the advantages of simple cultivation, strong adaptability, early fruiting, quick effect and drought tolerance. There is a folk saying that "the needle of kudzu vine is harvested in a drought." Jujube has high nutritional value and edible value, and is called "the king of fruit", which is a nutritional supplement for people to prolong life. Food to save hungry lives; Exquisite gifts for friends and family.

With the reform and opening up and the development of commodity economy, the people of Jujube Township have embarked on a new path of jujube industrialization through years of demonstration and introduction of technology and equipment. Candied jujube, smoked jujube, roasted jujube, Elaeagnus angustifolia, crisp jujube, red bean paste jujube, amethyst jujube, jujube wine and jujube juice, etc. Processed with jujube as raw material, it sells well in large and medium-sized cities all over the country, with a broad market and is deeply loved by consumers.

Qingjian 1995 in northern Shaanxi was officially named as the hometown of red dates in China by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry.

4. Folklore and Donkeys

Everyone knows donkeys, especially the rice-fat donkeys in jia county.

Donkey is one of the common means of production and transportation in rural areas of northern Shaanxi, and people in northern Shaanxi can't live without it for generations. No matter when its history goes back, it has made great contributions to mankind.

In a word, donkeys play an important role in production customs and people's lives, so farmers are willing to raise them.

5. Folk customs and beliefs

Faith is the extreme worship and respect for a certain religion. Believing in and worshiping supernatural gods is a natural and social force that dominates people's daily life, a refraction and illusory reflection in people's minds, and is regarded as one of the norms of action and social ideology.

In daily life, the abnormal activities of animals and the abnormal phenomena of weather are caused by the changes of animal life laws and natural conditions respectively. However, in the backward years in the past, people often mistakenly thought that the appearance of this abnormality was an ominous omen and a warning and enlightenment from ghosts and gods. So some people take advantage of this abnormal phenomenon and use it to cheat people. Today, with the development of science and in-depth research by scientists, this change has been scientifically proved. There are many beliefs and taboos in northern Shaanxi. With the continuous development of the two civilizations, some popular beliefs have been gradually broken, and some have been brought into people's lives and become a custom.

6. Repair the temple fair

People in northern Shaanxi used to worship gods because of natural and man-made disasters, so many temples were built everywhere. According to relevant statistics, there are currently two temples in each village on average, some of which are particularly luxurious.

The repair of the temple was first proposed by the president, and all the villagers were called to discuss and pass it. At the selected address, Mr. Yin Yang was asked to set up a compass, set the direction, and then choose an auspicious day to start construction.

7. Temple Fair

Due to the harsh natural conditions, natural disasters and man-made disasters have occurred from time to time, and the people of ancient northern Shaanxi almost pushed the people into the jaws of death. As a result, people suffering from disasters and living in poverty, out of a strong desire to worship and believe in gods, used religious national beliefs to build large and small temples in various places, such as Jade Emperor Temple, Kannonji, Laoye Temple, Niangniang Temple, Zhaocai Temple, Longwang Temple and Mountain. Its scale is also grand. At present, some of them have not been listed as key cultural relics protection units by the state, provinces, cities and counties, such as Liang Qing in Yan 'an, Baiyun Mountain in jia county, Qingyun Mountain in Yulin, Erlang Mountain in Shenmu and Heilongtan in Zhenchuan. Pray for God's blessing, and look forward to a beautiful and happy life of family security, food and clothing, and living and working in peace. However, for thousands of years, a temple fair culture has gradually formed in various places.

8. Draw lots to play divination

The gods in the temple are silent, enjoying the cigarettes and money offered by people, but if people want to know the good or bad luck and the good or bad luck prompted by God, they must draw lots in front of God and ask for divination.

Draw lots: make the lottery ticket into a flat shape with bamboo poles, engrave the words "Up, Up, Universiade, Middle, Down and Down" and the lottery number, and then put it into the lottery bucket. When drawing lots, pilgrims kneel before the gods, light incense and burn it. After describing the reason for drawing lots, slowly shake the short drawing pipe and repeat it several times, and finally draw lots. Then look up the lottery content according to the lottery number and lottery spectrum, and you can know the "tips" given by the gods. If something happens, I will smoke again until it is ideal, but at most three times. Each temple has its own symbol, and its number and content are different.

Gua: Gua is made of cypress, about five to six inches long and about one inch thick. According to the eight diagrams of stem, ridge, infinity, shock, hairpin, separation, Kun and equivalence, eight faces are made, on which specific contents are written respectively. Of course, every temple has its own divination.

Drawing lots for divination has a long history and is popular in various temple fairs in northern Shaanxi. Children should draw lots to seek divination for treatment, promotion, family life, business marriage, rain and blessing.

9. Drama custom

Speaking of singing opera, everyone who is good at singing opera is very interested. Men, women and children are particularly fond of watching it, not only in the theater, but also on TV with rice bowls at home. Old people will not get tired of watching classical operas for a long time, but they will not get tired when they are young. The nickname "opera fan" can be seen everywhere.

There are also many kinds of operas in northern Shaanxi, including Shaanxi opera and Shanxi opera, which are basically classical. Performing this kind of drama requires more cast members, more complex costumes and props, and it is difficult to perform the art, which can only be completed by a large troupe. But there are also many small plays, which are basically modern, such as Daoqing, Hu Mei, Yangko Opera, Wan Wan's wrist, sketch, duet, three-game board, Allegro and so on. These plays have few cast members, simple costume props and relaxed performing arts. Most of them are performed by small troupes, except for comprehensive literary evenings performed by one or two large troupes.

10, post a blessing.

Happiness is a symbol of food and clothing, happiness, harmony and unity. During the Chinese New Year, every household will write some square red paper or buy some big lucky characters in the market and stick them upside down on the walls of doors, windows or kilns. According to legend, reversing the word "Fu" means "Fu is here".

It has become another kind scenery of the Chinese nation, and it is also in line with our nation's psychological state of expecting good luck. It is deeply loved by Chinese people, so it has been passed down to this day and will last forever.

1 1, line up for dinner.

When it comes to "eating" (begging), people will say that it is the result of being too poor at home. That was not the case. The superficial form I said is basically the same as that in society, but the meaning is quite different. This is also a folk custom that has been circulating for thousands of years.

In the past, people were in an idealistic concept, leaving the life and death of children to God's blessing. Some noble dolls wait until they are three or four years old, and they are "eaten" by other families under the guidance of adults until they are twelve years old.

12, break ground

Building a kiln and building a house is the busiest thing in my life. When you choose a suitable place to build a kiln, please ask Mr. Feng Shui (Yin and Yang Master) to fix the direction in the form of a "compass" to see if it can be built. If possible, on the day when the ground is broken, the host will bring incense, offer food and wine, light incense at the selected place, burn it, offer food and kowtow, and inform the local land god that there will be some in the future. This custom, which has been circulating for thousands of years, is called "breaking ground".

In addition, when mourning, the same ceremony should be held before sweeping the grave, which is also called "breaking ground".

13, soil donation

Sacrificing earth, folk custom is also called "the God of Earth Security". The land god, also known as the "family god" among the people, whose "character" is to protect the peace of this family. If there is any disaster in this family, it depends on the land god to "rescue", so people should hold a ceremony to protect the land god in a newly built house or an old house that has lived for many years.

The land god has a certain time limit, and it can only be held when the land god is still there.