Natural Language Classroom Record (Stone)

Language of Nature is a classic expository article introducing the comprehensive discipline of phenology. Phenology itself is a comprehensive application of meteorology, geography, biology, agronomy and other knowledge. When introducing this subject, the author is especially good at contacting many parties and using many examples to illustrate the research objects and basic methods of phenology, thus clearly and completely introducing the characteristics of this subject and showing the scientific spirit of seeking truth and rigor. At the same time, the language of the paper is concise and beautiful, with the characteristics of "scientific sketches", which not only conveys scientific knowledge, but also brings readers beautiful enjoyment.

The new paradigm of "three views" and "four views" constructed by Wang Jun in the teaching of expository writing provides me with a good teaching framework, and it is very easy to start teaching from the specific text content in the process of internal analysis.

Based on the above considerations, I set this course as a text type combining pragmatics and writing, and around the core pragmatic point of "clear thinking and clear hierarchy", I run through the classroom through three steps: macro view of the whole skeleton, middle view of paragraph spreading and micro appreciation of language characteristics.

teaching process

first kind

Read through the full text, dredge the new words, mark the explanation objects and methods, and follow the analysis.

Second lesson

First of all, look at the whole skeleton from a macro perspective.

Teacher: Today we learn natural language. This article has two advantages: first, it shows that the language is vivid and accurate; Second, clear thinking and distinct levels.

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First, the language is vivid and accurate;

Second, clear thinking and distinct levels.

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Today's learning method is very interesting and suitable for many articles. Let's take a look-

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Look at the whole skeleton macroscopically.

Dissemination of Intermediate Cognitive Paragraphs

Characteristics of micro-decorative language

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Teacher: Ok, let's enter the first link-looking at the whole skeleton macroscopically. The method is to extract the main sentence and combine the main points. The specific requirements are as follows:

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Extract the subject sentence and combine it with the subject word.

Please read the text freely and complete the first two tasks:

1. Extract two or more full-text keywords.

2. Summarize the full text with several key sentences.

3. Abbreviate the text and keep only the most core and key information.

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(Students read aloud freely)

Teacher: Everyone is devoted to reading! Many secrets must have been discovered in the process of sketching. So what are the two key words of this article?

Health 1: phenology and phenology.

Teacher: Well, that's right. Then look at the topic "Language of Nature"-phenology, phenology.

Let's talk about whether there are any other keywords to add.

Student 2: Other key words are "importance", "significance" and "decision".

Teacher: Good point! Now let's talk about the key sentences you found!

Health 2: I found the third paragraph, "These natural phenomena were called phenology by working people in ancient China." There is also an introduction to "phenology" later.

Student 3: Phenological observation uses "living instruments", which are living organisms.

Health 4: "What determines the coming of phenology?" I think this sentence is very important, followed by an analysis of these reasons. For example, latitude is the first, longitude difference is the second, height difference is the third, and ancient and modern differences are all concrete decisive factors.

Health 5: There is another sentence: "The study of phenology is to predict the agricultural time and choose the sowing date." Besides, there are many meanings. "This sentence tells us that this paragraph is all about" the meaning of phenology "

Health 6: I also found the second paragraph, "In this way, birds singing and flowers singing, grass growing and warblers flying are all the languages of nature."

Teacher: Everyone is very accurate! Everyone must have felt the clear and distinctive features of this article. Let's look at the characteristics of these key sentences.

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Key sentences are particularly important in the whole text, such as the general sentence at the beginning of a paragraph and the conclusion sentence at the end, which all play a central role.

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Teacher: By grasping the key sentences, you can condense the full text into a short essay, which we call skeleton. Read these sentences.

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Flowers and birds sing, grass grows and warblers fly, all of which are the languages of nature.

These natural phenomena were called phenology by working people in ancient China.

This is the importance of phenology to agriculture.

What factors determine the coming of phenology?

The first is latitude.

Longitude difference is the second factor affecting phenology.

The third factor affecting phenology is the difference between high and low.

In addition, there are differences between ancient times and modern times in the morning and evening when phenology comes.

The study of phenology is first to predict the agricultural time and choose the sowing date. Besides, there are many meanings.

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Teacher: It is very important to be clear in the process of writing expository articles. Let's do an exercise!

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Total sentence: With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the emergence of smart phones has shown outstanding advantages in many aspects.

Paragraph total sentence:

The emergence of smart phones has brought convenience to our lives. Smartphones can shop online like computers. Taobao, JD.COM, Pinduoduo and other online shopping platforms provide us with various daily necessities.

Paragraph total sentence:

Smartphones make our communication more convenient. Smartphones can chat online like computers, even more convenient than computers. The popularity and use of hand-held apps such as mobile phone WeChat, QQ and mobile phone email allow us to communicate anytime and anywhere.

Paragraph total sentence:

The development of smart phones will be broader in the future. Smart phone has become a time management tool, a mobile office platform, and can also remotely control TV sets, rice cookers, air conditioners, washing machines and so on. The development trend of cities in the future must be to move towards smart cities and smart families.

To sum up, the development of smart phones depends on the progress of science and technology and the support of high-tech talents. I hope young people will work hard and contribute to the development of science and technology!

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Teacher: Students, the way to look at the whole skeleton from a macro perspective is-

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Key sentences to guide

The hierarchy is refreshing and good.

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Second, the spread of intermediate understanding paragraphs

Teacher: After the first learning stage is over and the text framework is formed, paragraphs need to be played. Let's see how this paragraph unfolds.

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There are ingenious ways to spread paragraphs-focus and contrast.

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Let's look at the layout of this text. We found that several paragraphs are used to determine the arrival of phenology, which is the focus of the article. Now the question is coming-

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Thinking:

1. Why should we focus on the factors that determine the phenology?

2. Can the order of these factors be reversed? Why?

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(Student group discussion, teacher camera guidance)

Health 7: Because phenology is of the greatest significance to agricultural production, the determinant of phenology is the most practical and useful. Knowing the determinant can better guide agricultural production.

Health 8: The first paragraph is about the common phenomenon that the north is cold and the south is hot, so it is put in the first place. The second paragraph is about the difference of phenological phenomena between coastal and inland areas at the same latitude, and the scope is much smaller, so it is the second. The third paragraph is about the difference of phenological phenomena between mountainous areas and the same place, and the scope is small, so it is repeated. In addition, it is said that it takes a long time to observe phenological differences, so it is put at the end.

Therefore, the key words "first", "first" and "second" in this part are also very important, which makes the logical order of paragraphs very strict and clear. Are there any similarities between these factors?

Health 9: I found examples in every paragraph.

Teacher: Good! Teacher: you see, there are rules to follow in the spread of jokes, and only a good level can make your article look good. Let's review the method-

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Arrange from primary to secondary.

Key words guide you.

The total score relationship to use.

It is clearer to give an example.

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Third, the characteristics of micro-vision language

Teacher: OK! Let's enter the third part of the study.

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Zhu Kezhen is an outstanding scientist and educator in China, a famous geographer and meteorologist in contemporary times, and the founder of modern geography in China. He can read at the age of three, recite poems at the age of five and learn to write a composition. He wrote it many times until the cock crowed. He has kept a diary since Harvard University. Due to the war losses, there are only 1.936 to 1.974, totaling 38 years and 37 days, with more than 8 million words. These diaries have also become the first-hand materials for his scientific research.

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Teacher: As can be seen from the materials, people who have made great achievements must be people who can persist in doing things and study hard. Continuous learning has created the language features of Zhu Kezhen's articles. Let's take a look-

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Please read the paragraph 1-2 quickly, sort out idioms and four-character phrases, and appreciate its beauty.

Melting ice and snow? Vegetation germination

Two open? Suddenly come back?

Flying north and south? Field grassland

Disappear (fall)

Decadence? Melissa Zhou?

Every year? Walk around and start over.

Trees and plants flourish and wither? Migratory birds come and go.

Flowers and birds? The grass grows and the warbler flies?

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Teacher: Tell me about your findings!

Health 10: I think these words are all describing the changes of the four seasons, which are very distinctive. Change in turn in spring, summer, autumn and winter.

Health 1 1: Every year. It is a summary sentence, which summarizes the changes in the four seasons of the year, concise and accurate.

Teacher: Good point! The author shows a picturesque picture of the four seasons with a beautiful image, which arouses readers' interest in reading popular science articles and gives people a strong suspense. Therefore, popular science really has deep intentions. Students, let's describe "natural language" with beautiful poems now! You can use the words combed above for reference.

(Students write and communicate)

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The 24 Solar Terms

2016165438+1October 30th, our application for the 24 solar terms was successful, and foreigners exclaimed that it was "the fifth great invention of China". The traditional farmers in China have no concept of time, especially the current concept of time, but they not only divide the changes of cold and hot seasons into the so-called twenty-four solar terms, but also use the songs of the four seasons to distinguish more than 72 phenological transformations in a year. They know the languages of these birds, animals, insects, fish and plants, and live poetically in this land according to these languages.

It rains a lot during the Qingming Festival, and Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as the Youth Day, marks the official start of the season in Ji Chun. "Qingming" means that the climate is warm, plants sprout and peaches are in full bloom, giving people a feeling of freshness, clarity and prosperity.

Qingming is divided into three stages:

Tung Stone Flower: The white tung flower is in bloom.

The vole turns into an owl: the owl rú means: in ancient books, it refers to quail birds. The literal meaning of "voles become owls" is that voles become birds, and the connotation means that voles are like birds after Tomb-Sweeping Day.

Rainbow begins to appear: after the rain, you can see the rainbow in the sky.

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Twenty-four solar terms are the summary of phenology in ancient Central Plains. For thousands of years, working people have paid attention to the relationship between the rise and fall of vegetation, the coming and going of migratory birds and natural phenomena such as climate, and arranged farming accordingly. Behind the solar terms is the wisdom and logic of the people.

We gradually find that phenology is closely related to life. From season to food, from climate to travel, learning to take care of your life is gradually becoming a compulsory course for us.

Let's go outdoors, get close to nature, meet more people, and perceive life more sensitively and delicately. At this moment, we will achieve harmony and unity with nature and achieve the realm of "harmony between man and nature".

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Teacher: Students, the language of nature deserves everyone's listening. Let's listen to this wonderful language with gratitude and feel the wonderful gift of life! Dissolve the class

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