Five teaching plans of "Two Essays, Loving Lotus in a Humble Room" in the first volume of Chinese in Grade Eight.

# Lesson Plan # Introduction Why does Tao Yuanming love chrysanthemums alone? What's the function of writing lotus? What does Liu Yuxi compare mountains and rivers to, and what does Xian Long compare to? I have sorted out five teaching plans of the first volume of eighth grade Chinese, "Two Essays, Loving Lotus in a Humble Room", hoping to help you!

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Teaching assumption

One: Teaching objectives

Knowledge goal: 1, master the background information and literary knowledge of the author Liu Yuxi;

2. Learn the key words in classical Chinese (meaning of notional words and usage of function words) and understand the translation of special classical Chinese sentences.

Ability goal: 1, can recite in class;

2. Understand the main idea of the article and the writing method expressed by the author;

3. Learn and understand the dual rhetoric in the text.

Moral education goal: to understand the main idea of the article in combination with the author's writing background, to learn the author's interest and sentiment of being content with poverty and pride, and to cultivate students' noble sentiment.

Second: teaching focus 1, reading and reciting;

2. The main idea of the article;

3. How to write and express your wishes?

3. Teaching difficulties: the non-contradictory relationship between "tuning the piano" and "playing the silk and bamboo".

Fourth, teaching methods: multimedia recording, the use of courseware and the handwritten copy of key content cooperate with each other, adjust the classroom atmosphere with multimedia, increase the classroom capacity, and remind students of key knowledge with blackboard writing. Read more emotional things and try to recite them in the guest room. Bring pre-class preparation into classroom learning to improve classroom efficiency. "Class one teaching.

Preview before class

1, phonetic notation of new words;

2. Find out the rhyme of this lesson in the first question of the evaluation manual;

3. Collect the author's relevant background knowledge.

teaching process

One: Import

Do the students have their own motto? Let the students talk about their mottos. What's the use of writing these mottoes? (used to motivate yourself. It can be seen that the content in Ming should be to motivate and alert yourself. (ppt courseware shows the meaning of "motto" and reminds students to pay attention to "inscription")

In fact, "Ming" was originally a style in ancient China. In addition to our "incentive alarm" accident today, it can also be said that it is a merit. It's usually engraved on objects. A major feature of the inscription is its rhyme. (ppt courseware shows the stylistic knowledge of "Ming", and the word "Yun" is colored to attract students' attention. )

Second, guide reading aloud.

1, Ming is rhyme, what words rhyme? (the student said. ) Read the rhyme clearly and loudly.

2. Play the picture and record it. The students read after them.

3. Ask one student to read aloud, other students to comment, and the teacher to comment.

4. Read aloud in groups.

Three: dredge words, words and meanings (using blackboard writing and courseware)

1. The article is about a simple room, so let's take a look at this simple room. The teacher writes on the blackboard and draws a room to arouse students' curiosity. )

The teacher said to himself, I put Confucius on the roof. Why? Because Confucius is a saint, his words are truth. So we put it on the top, and whether the house is ugly or not, we use his words to define the house.

What did Confucius say? (Kong Ziyun: What's the matter? )

What's the matter? What's wrong with the modern word order? )? "Zhi" strengthens the tone of rhetorical questions. )

Does Confucius mean that the house is simple or not? Let's look at the original text. (ppt shows the Analects of Confucius? Zi Han: I want to live in Jiuyi Mountain. Or: "Ugly. What is it? " Confucius said, "How can a gentleman be humble if he lives there?" The teacher explained this passage. )

Confucius believes that ugliness is not ugly (not ugly). In the words of Confucius, why not? A gentleman lives there.

This sentence affirms that a humble room is not humble, so when we read it, it should not be an interrogative tone, but an affirmative rhetorical question. (Students can read freely)

2. In Liu Yuxi's words, why is the house not ugly? I am humble, but I am virtuous. )

Please translate this sentence and pay attention to fill in the omitted parts. This is a humble house, but my character is noble. )

What role does this sentence play in the article? This topic is very important and we should read it carefully. (Students can read freely)

Where do you think I should draw this sentence in this room? The position of the pillar, the key position in the center of the house. (blackboard writing)

3. In the author's eyes, why is "The Humble Room" not simple, and from what aspects is the article written?

(1) The moss on the stage is green, and the grass on the curtain is green. -Elegant living environment.

The environment is elegant, so read it aesthetically, as if you have seen such a quiet environment. (Students can read freely)

Where do you think I should put this sentence in the house? (At the step, it is connected with the outdoor. (blackboard writing)

(2) Laugh and have a university, no Ding Bai. People who communicate with each other are elegant.

What are the definitions of "Scholar" and "Ding Bai"? (Learned and unlearned)

This sentence is about people coming and going in the house, and we shut him in the house. (blackboard writing). "Nothing" in this sentence should be read lighter than "you". (Students can read freely)

(3) You can tune the pipa and read Jin Dian. There is no confusion, and there is no complicated form. -Things in life are elegant.

What do silk and bamboo mean? What kind of statement is this? What does (music, metonymy) mean? (official government document). Why doesn't the author like music? Doesn't he like tuning the piano himself? What's the difference between them? (Students discuss and get the answer. Sugar Singing's voice is the elegant music that you play, while the voice of silk and bamboo is the vulgar voice that bureaucrats and rich people listen to in colorful life. )

What kind of thinking does this sentence imply? An aversion to luxury life and officialdom.

This is also the life in the house, and we paint in the house. (blackboard writing). Like the previous sentence, this sentence should be read lightly in the "nothing" part. (Students can read freely)

4. Besides the description of the humble room, what else did the article write? Look collectively.

(1) "The mountain is not high, but there are immortals, hence the name; The water is not deep, and the dragon has spirit. "

Here, what does the author compare the mountains and rivers to and the dragon to? The landscape is compared to a humble room, and the fairy dragon is compared to a gentleman living in a humble room.

The teacher explained "Bi Xing": start with a metaphor, say something else first, and then sing. This is the traditional expression of China's poetry.

(2) "Nanyang Zhuge Lu, Xishuzi Ting Yun."

What is the expression of this sentence? (analogy)

What is the function of analogy here? Students come to the conclusion that the house where the ancient sages lived proves that the humble room is not simple, and the author also takes the ancient sages themselves as an example to show that he also pursues their spiritual realm. (Teacher writes on the blackboard)

5. Read the text in groups.

6. What thoughts and feelings did the author express when he wrote The Humble Room? Based on the background information about the author collected by the students before class, the students discussed it clearly: they expressed a noble and proud moral integrity and a poor ambition. This is the way to express your will with an object.

7. What rhetorical devices are mainly used in this class? (double)

Remind students where we use duality most often in our lives. The textbook 183 was overturned. Exercise 3. Look at the pictures and see what is in the dialogue (same structure, equal words, related meanings, two phrases or sentences).

Find out which sentences in the article are dual.

Four: expand and extend

1, impromptu couple (students practice dual rhetoric)

Teacher: Rain, rain, rain, rain outside the window, sit and watch the rain outside the window.

2. The slide show network collects and satirizes some students' class inscriptions, asking students to write their own bedrooms by imitating the "humble room inscriptions", paying attention to the characteristics of "inscriptions" and being ambitious. As homework.

Five: collective recitation

Students recite the full text to the blackboard.

Six: Task

22 exercises in the evaluation manual "The name of a humble room". Tisso

I. Learning objectives

1. Through students' autonomous learning, grasp the theme of the work, and understand the artistic characteristics of this article using "supporting things to express their aspirations" and "setting off the pros and cons".

2. Cultivate students' aesthetic taste through aesthetics.

Second, the focus of learning: the artistic characteristics of "supporting things to express one's will" and "setting off the pros and cons".

3. Difficulties in learning: How to understand the author's intention of writing chrysanthemums and peonies and why the author has a soft spot for lotus flowers.

Fourth, teaching methods: multimedia

Teaching methods: reading aloud, discussing and practicing.

Teaching and learning process

First, create a situation and introduce the text.

1, imported from Yang Wanli's Seeing Lin Zifang at Dawn in Jingci Temple.

It is the scenery of the West Lake in June, which is really different from other seasons.

Lotus leaves will not turn green the next day, and lotus flowers are particularly bright red in the sun.

2. Show topics and create an atmosphere.

This is a masterpiece that has been told through the ages. We should read it again and again and experience it in reading.

Second, repeat, the overall perception

1, read for free, and pay attention to the accurate pronunciation of new words.

2. Students read aloud to test the effect of self-study.

3, the old normal school reading, listening to music reading, pay attention to the rhythm and emotion of reading.

Third, self-study in groups and exchange discussions.

1, group self-study requirements: ① compare notes and translate the full text with reference books.

(2) Do not understand, discuss with each other.

2. Report on self-study. Raise your hand if you don't understand, and call the roll.

Step 3 test exercises

1), select the one with all the correct phonetic notation.

Sorry, sorry.

I. Fan Yizhuo Man Xie Lian

B Fan Shi Zhuoman Xielian

Fan Yiwan Di Zhelian

Fan Shi Wandi Zhelian

2) Choose the one that explains correctly.

A, incense (more) Zhuo (washing) filth (close but not solemn)

B, dye (pollution) demon (beautiful but not heavy) graceful and pure plants (plants)

C, Yan (auxiliary word) fresh (should)

D, sigh (sigh) pavilion (stand) is not creeping (branch)

3) Choose the one with the same usage and meaning as the dotted word in the example.

Ex.: Love lotus flowers alone, but never touch mud.

First, the hermit of flowers is also

B. Land flowers and aquatic vegetation

However, cannibalism is not common

D, horse travel thousands of miles

4) Translate the following sentences (omitted)

Fourth, taste appreciation, grasp the theme.

1. From what angles did the author describe the characteristics of the lotus and reflect its beautiful quality? (free discussion)

Angular characteristic quality

The environment is muddy but not dirty, clear but not muddy, and lead a clean and honest life without evil.

The shape is tall and straight, graceful and straight.

Delicious, far away, clear and famous.

The above questions and forms are all typed on the screen with pictures of water lilies. )

2. The author writes lotus flowers on the surface, but he actually intends to write people. The purpose of Zanlian is to praise people. What kind of writing technique is this?

-Take things and express your wishes. Reading the whole text is like writing flowers in every sentence, not in flowers; There is no one throughout, but every word is written. The author uses flowers as a metaphor for people, lotus as a metaphor for his own feelings, and lotus as a metaphor for the virtue of a gentleman.

Besides writing about lotus, the author also wrote about chrysanthemums and peonies. * * * wrote several places?

-* * * There are three references. Please read it out loud.

A. Tao Jinyuan clearly loves chrysanthemums. Peony has been loved by people all over the world since Li Tang. Yu Du Ailian ...

B, to call chrysanthemum, the flower is hidden; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers.

The love between C and Chrysanthemum is rarely heard after Tao. Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for many people.

Tao Yuanming-Chrysanthemum-Hermit-is rarely heard of.

To-Lotus-Junzi-Who gave it?

The world-peony-wealth-is suitable.

1. Why do you say that chrysanthemums are hermits in flowers? Why does Tao Yuanming have a soft spot for chrysanthemums?

-Because chrysanthemums don't compete with flowers, they stand proudly in first frost in the season when all flowers are dying, and only spit fragrance. It is a symbol that hermits refuse to go with the flow and live in seclusion in the mountains.

Tao Yuanming lived a clean life and served as an official for many years. Finally, because "I don't want to bend over for five buckets of rice", I resigned and retired. After leaving the complex official sea, he returned to his hometown, plowed the land, lived a leisurely and secluded life, and wrote the well-known "Return to the Garden" and a series of drinking poems.

drink

Build a house in a remote place.

Ask why you can stay away from egoism.

See Nanshan leisurely under the east fence of chrysanthemum picking.

Here, I want to tell the truth and forget to say it (there is a portrait of Tao Yuanming on the screen)

This poem fully shows his carefree, leisurely and quiet seclusion after retiring to the countryside, away from the dirty officialdom and the noisy world.

(2) Why is peony a symbol of the rich? The world loves peonies very much, which reflects people's attitude towards life?

-Because peony is colorful, it is a symbol of nobility and elegance. In the early Tang Dynasty, peony was especially praised as a treasure and national flower. In Zhenyuan period, appreciating peony has become the ethos of Chang 'an. In late spring, traffic is heavy, and dignitaries are scrambling to buy at high prices. This is recorded in ancient books:

"Only the peony is the real national color, and the flowers bloom in Beijing." -Liu Tang Yuxi's Peony Appreciation

"Nine flowers and three seasons, ten thousand horses and thousands of cars see peony." -Xu Ning

(On the screen, there are pictures of peony.)

These poems describe the unprecedented grand occasion of the world's special liking for peony since the Tang Dynasty, and fully reflect the vulgar world style of the world's pursuit of wealth, arrogance and extravagance. The author uses "peony love is suitable for many people." Gracefully criticized the world trend of following the trend and pursuing wealth at that time.

3. Why does the author prefer lotus instead of chrysanthemum and peony? What does this reflect the author's attitude towards life?

-(Let students contact Zhou Dunyi's life story to analyze)

4. While writing lotus flowers, the work also wrote chrysanthemums and peonies. What is the intention of this writing?

-The author uses the cream of chrysanthemum to set off a completely clean lotus flower, and uses gorgeous peony to set off the simplicity and nature of the lotus flower from the opposite side. Through the comparison of these different angles, the nobility of lotus is highlighted and the theme of the article is set off.

Fifth, summarize the artistic characteristics.

A) Hold the object to express the ambition and borrow the object expression.

B) Clever use of foil to highlight the theme

Sixth, read it together again to deepen understanding.

Seven, expand reading, transfer training

Article 4

Teaching objectives

1. Read, taste and recite the whole article.

2. Feel the beauty of the lotus.

3. Learn the noble and proud qualities and sentiments of the ancients.

Teaching focus

1. Recite the full text and make it clear.

2. Learn the beautiful quality of lotus "getting out of the mud and not getting stained" and be a totally honest person.

Teaching difficulties

1. Understand the author's thoughts and feelings in the article.

2. Learn to express your will by supporting things.

Preparation before class

Lotus pictures, lotus songs and other multimedia courseware.

Teaching type: appreciation class

Teaching methods: beauty reading, taste reading and reading aloud.

First, create scenarios to stimulate interest

1. Teacher-student interaction, riddle: Little girl, sitting in the middle of the water, wearing a pink coat, full of fragrance. (Answer:)

2. Multimedia play lotus pictures and lotus picking songs.

3. Teacher: Lotus, known as the "fairy in the flower", also known as lotus, is muddy but not dirty, clear but not demon. Today, let's enjoy Zhou Dunyi's Love Lotus and feel the noble character of Lotus.

Second, show the learning objectives.

1, read aloud in chorus.

2. Feel it with your heart.

Third, read the text to see the meaning and perceive it as a whole.

1, explain the topic and introduce the author (after the students guide the answer with words, the teacher adds that it is a style, which can be discussed or described)

2. Read the text by name, students can comment at any time, and teachers can give timely guidance.

3. Listen to the recording of the text and pay attention to the pronunciation of key words and the rhythm of related sentences.

4. Teachers and students exchange pronunciation and rhythm.

5 Free reading with music

6 Read the tape and feel the rhythm and intonation of the sentences.

6. Read together. (Read aloud in groups of men and women, one for male students and one for female students)

Fourthly, it includes English and Chinese to clarify the meaning of the text.

1, group cooperation exploration: division of labor within the group, combination of comments, dredging the meaning of the text, and overall perception.

2. Explore the achievements of exhibitions and exchanges.

Read carefully and feel the main idea of the article

1. Find a sentence describing the noble quality of lotus and read it.

2. Find out seven phrases to describe the lotus, and fill them on the blooming petals to feel the beauty of the lotus.

3. Look at the lotus pictures, listen to the lotus songs, and feel the beautiful image of the lotus in the beautiful picture and music atmosphere.

4. Feel the noble quality of lotus "getting out of the mud and not getting stained". (Perception, discussion and communication)

5. What kind of thoughts and feelings does the author have in describing and praising the lotus?

After the students discuss, communicate and answer in groups, the teacher gives instructions to express his will. )

6. The author compares people to flowers. Try to find the relevant sentences and talk about who they symbolize.

(After the students speak freely, the teacher instructs: Hermit-escape from reality; Rich people-the pursuit of glory; Lotus-lead an honest and clean life, not greedy or immoral, naive and upright)

7. The author also wrote Love of Lotus, Love of Chrysanthemum and Love of Peony. What's the intention?

(After the students think independently and answer, the teacher instructs: Chrysanthemum is a positive contrast; Peony, by contrast, highlights the lotus totally, don't envy its noble character)

8. In the melody of music, recite your favorite sentences freely and try to recite the whole article.

Sixth, review the content, expand and improve.

The beauty of nature is everywhere. What kind of flowers, grass and trees do you like? Why do you like it? Please say a sentence in the sentence pattern "I love because of her".

I love plum blossom because she is fearless of wind and frost, noble and arrogant. )

Seven, contact yourself, sum up the harvest.

What have you gained from studying this article?

(such as: what kind of person to be? What have you learned to write?

chapter five

[Teaching objectives]

1, knowledge and skills: with the help of notes, reference books and related materials, dredge the meaning of the text and grasp the key words; Taste the language beauty of the text in repeated reading.

2. Process and method: autonomy, cooperation and inquiry learning.

3. Emotion, attitude and values: contact personal interests, hobbies and styles, expand imagination and divergent thinking, and experience the truth of being a man, especially the practical significance of learning this article.

[Teaching Emphasis and Difficulties]

In this paper, narrative, description, lyricism and discussion are combined, and the expression of ambition is the focus and contrast is the difficult writing method.

[Teaching Hypothesis]

1, the teaching process is divided into "reading training, overall perception-understanding and appreciation, grasping profound meaning-expanding and extending, applying what you have learned".

2. Make PPT courseware before class and create teaching situation.

3. Students' preparation before class:

(1) Understand the author Zhou Dunyi and the writing background of this article.

(2) Solve the new words in the text.

(3) Collect poems about "Lotus".

[Teaching Hours] One class hour

[Teaching process]

First, create situations and introduce new lessons.

1. The flower of Jinan and the regional emblem of the Macao Special Administrative Region are lotus flowers. Why do people like lotus flowers so much? Guide people to learn new lessons.

Beautiful lotus photos are displayed on the screen.

2. Students exchange collected poems describing "Lotus".

For example, there are lotus flowers on all sides and willows on three sides. One city has mountains and half a city has lakes.

The delicate lotus flower bud shows a sharp corner from the water, and a naughty little dragonfly stands on its head.

Lotus leaves will not turn green the next day, and lotus flowers are particularly bright red in the sun.

3. Introduce the author Zhou Dunyi, student profile, and teacher supplement.

4. Introduce the concept of "Shuo" style.

"Shuo" is a style, which can explain things, make comments or describe things. Ailian said, that is to say, love lotus.

Second, the overall perception, training reading.

1, model reading, with guqin music.

2, two or three students read aloud, requiring accurate pronunciation and correctly grasping the pause of the sentence.

3, group reading, individual reading, everyone comments.

4. Ask the students to refer to their notes and dredge the main idea of the text. The teacher nudged one paragraph at a time and carried out every word. Display the translation on the big screen.

5. Students recite hard.

Third, realize reading appreciation and grasp profound meaning.

Listen to multimedia music first, and then discuss the problems in groups. The problems are all displayed on the big screen.

1. In the author's opinion, where does the lotus love? The original answer.

It is very clear: "Love the lotus alone, the mud is not stained, the ripples are clear but not demon, the outside is straight, the fragrance is far and clear, and the plants are slim and graceful, which can be seen from a distance without being ridiculous."

2. What are the characteristics of the lotus described by the seven phrases in this article? Please tell us about this lotus picture.

Qing: "Mud" and "violet" are the growth environment of lotus; "Straight through the outside, not crawling" is the gesture of writing lotus flowers; "Fragrant and clear" refers to the fragrance of lotus; "graceful and pure planting" refers to the whole body posture of lotus; "You can see from a distance, but don't be ridiculous" is said from the perspective of the viewer, describing her lofty demeanor. It is precisely because of the noble temperament of lotus, which is not dyed, not demon, not prostrate and not branched, that people will be awed. The first six sentences come from the lotus itself, and the last sentence comes from the viewer's feelings.

3. What are the words "lotus" of the author?

Qing: "The mud is not stained, it is clear but not evil"-don't drift with the evil world wind (noble and simple); "Straight through the outside"-knowing things and behaving righteously; "Don't crawl"-don't be attached to powerful people; "the fragrance is far away and clear"-the reputation is far-reaching. "Graceful, far-sighted, not ridiculous"-honest and clean, well-behaved, respectable and admirable.

4. The author uses the image of Hua Lian to express a gentleman's ambition. What's that look? What kind of intention did you express?

Clarity: it is a way to express one's will by holding things, and to convey one's feelings of being honest and clean without seeking fame and fortune through the image of lotus.

5. Why does Tao Yuanming love chrysanthemums alone? What's the function of writing lotus?

Qing: Because chrysanthemum is not afraid of cold, proud of frost and snow, and its character is noble. Chrysanthemum is also a hermit in flowers. It doesn't want to go along with the secular, it is extraordinary. All these are in line with Tao Yuanming's attitude towards life. This is similar to Lian's character of "getting out of the mud without dyeing".

Set off the image of lotus in a positive way.

6. In the article, chrysanthemum is used to set off the image of lotus. Why write peony?

Clear: Because peony is elegant, people always regard it as a symbol of wealth ("Peony, flowers are also famous for wealth"). "The world loves peonies very much" shows that the world covets wealth and fame. This world style and attitude towards life is denied by the author. Therefore, peony is the negative image of this article, and the author actually sets off Lian's image as a gentleman from the negative.

7. What feelings are expressed at the end of the article? What's the point?

Clarity: Use the exclamation "alas" as a sentence to arouse deep emotions. Sigh that people who love chrysanthemums are "fresh" ("I don't know much about the love of chrysanthemums after Tao"). "Fresh" means not only "less", but also "less"; Second, sigh that there are few people who love the lotus, and ask a short question ("Who gave the love of the lotus?" ) thought-provoking; Third, lament the people who love peony, and use exclamatory sentences ("The love of peony is suitable for everyone!" " "It is meaningful to sigh that there are too many vulgar people who are greedy for money, suggesting that the author hates the world of fame and fortune.

8. Introduction:

For example, "give the only lotus a muddy but not dirty, clear but not demon, straight through, not creeping, fragrant and clear, graceful and quiet, but far away without being ridiculous." It is advisable to read soothing lyric; "To call chrysanthemum, the hermit of flowers also; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. " Read in a positive tone, and the last clause should be heavier. "alas! The love of chrysanthemum flowers is rarely heard after Tao; Who gave the lotus love? The love of peony is suitable for all ages. " Regret, regret and contempt should be viewed separately.

9. Other questions and doubts.

Fourth, extend the application of what you have learned.

1, sentence imitation exercise: imitate the sentence "I only love lotus flowers, but I don't touch mud, and the ripples are clear and not demon", and continue to write in sentences: I like flowers.

2. It is the natural attribute of lotus to "get out of the mud without being stained". Combining your own thoughts and feelings, what people or things do you think of, or famous sayings?

3. Debate: In today's economic era, which is full of copper smell everywhere, is it necessary to advocate the quality of gentleman lotus, which is "muddy but not stained, clear but not demon"?

Introduction: Today's society is complex, more like a sewage pit. It is more practical to advocate the quality of gentleman lotus, which is "muddy but not stained, clear and not demon".

Fifth, class summary.

1, Conclusion: Combined with the learning objectives, the practical significance of learning this article is pointed out.

2. Teachers and students recite the full text and play background music.

Sixth, assign homework.

1, please write a kind of flowers and trees you like by expressing your will.

2. Read and write the text silently.