What are the characteristics of Yuncheng area in Shanxi in terms of geographical environment, history, culture, customs and habits?

Yuncheng has a long history and is one of the earliest birthplaces of the Chinese nation. About 6.5438+0.8 million years ago, there were human activities here. Puban, Shundu, Anyi, Xiaxia, the first dynasty of slavery society in China were all here. During the Spring and Autumn Period, it belonged to the State of Jin, and its capital was Yujiang (now Jiangxian) in 669 BC. After Han, Zhao and Wei were divided into Jin, Yuncheng belonged to Wei. At that time, the capital of Wei was in Anyi (the area around Yuwangcheng in the county this summer). Qin Shihuang unified China and established 36 counties. Yuncheng belongs to Hedong County and governs Anyi. Since then, it has been built frequently for more than two thousand years, but it has always been used to calling this area "Hedong". After the founding of New China, Yuncheng Society was established. 1954, Yuncheng and Linfen were merged into Jinnan area. 1970, cancel Jinnan area and re-establish Yuncheng area. In June 2000, with the approval of the State Council, Yuncheng City was established in the area where Yuncheng was removed. ?

Yuncheng:

China's Roots

Yuncheng is an important birthplace of the Chinese nation, a theme park with 5,000 years of Chinese civilization and a treasure house of Chinese culture. Many historical materials also fully prove that appellations such as "China" and "Huaxia" also originated in Yuncheng. Yao, Shun and Yu all established their capitals here, forming an early social form of mankind.

This is the hometown of our distant ancestors. The earliest "Chinese Century Ape" fossil was found in Yuanqu Basin of our city more than 40 million years ago, which advanced the time of human origin by 6.5438+million years. The first sacred flame of human civilization was lit here, and the "burning bones" unearthed at Xihoudu site pushed the history of human use of fire to 1.8 million years ago. This is Yuncheng Yanchi, the earliest salt industry base in China, with a history of more than 4,000 years. Here is the earliest "Ditan" in China and the earliest "Ditan" in China, the Houtu Temple in Wanrong County. This is an important birthplace of Qin poetry, calligraphy, painting, food, clothing, housing and transportation. "Qin" refers to singing "the song of the south wind" by touching the banjo on the shore of the salt lake. The Book of Songs refers to China's earliest poetry collection The Book of Songs? In Feng Wei, the famous works "Cut Tan" and "Storytelling" are well-known and spread through the ages. "Book" refers to Wang Xizhi, the most respected calligrapher in China, whose teacher, Mrs. Wei, is from Xia County, Yuncheng. "Painting" means that Bian Shoucai, Shun Di's half-sister, is the inventor of painting, and there are many clothes of her remains in the Shundi Mausoleum in Yuncheng. "Painting" means that more than 5,000 years ago, the ancestors of the Chinese nation began to raise silkworms and reel their silk. "Grain" means that in the Yao and Shun era, Hou Ji, the ancestor of Zhou, became an agricultural official, teaching people to grow all kinds of food crops and popularizing agricultural technology. "Living" means that in Shang Dynasty, Fu Shuo invented the technology of "banlou", which realized an epoch-making leap from semi-cave dwelling to ground accommodation. "Travel" means that Xi Zhong invented the ancient car, and the compass was invented after the wind to tell the direction.

The historical and cultural celebrities here are all stars. Xun Kuang, Lian Po, Liu Zongyuan, Wang Wei, Wang Bo, Guan Hanqing, Sima Guang, Guan Yu, Lv Dongbin and many other politicians, thinkers, writers and artists, educators, historians and militarists. Pei's family, Wang's family, Xue's family and Liu's family are famous families in Sanjin. In particular, the Pei family in wenxi county has the greatest influence, which is known as "the general will wait for the public" in history. Because there have been 59 prime ministers, 59 generals, more than 3,000 officials with seven grades or above, and more than 600 people listed in the twenty-four histories, it is well known.

The cultural landscape and cultural relics here are all over the city. Ancient sites represented by Xihoudu Site, Shuhe Site, Yin Xi Site and Yuwangcheng Site; There are ancient tombs represented by Shundi Mausoleum, Jin Wengong Tomb, Sima Guang Tomb and Bian Que Tomb. There are Taoist temples represented by Guandi Temple, Houtu Temple, Yongle Palace, Pujiu Temple and Duiyun Cave. There are tower groups represented by stork tower, autumn wind tower, Yun Fei tower and Yingying tower; There are monuments represented by Jianning Residual Stone, Paulus Johannes, Tombstone, Robbie Monument and Pinghuai Xibei in the Eastern Han Dynasty. There are mural groups represented by Yongle Palace murals and Jiyi Temple murals. Tang Kaiyuan has a casting and carving group represented by Big Iron Bull; There are scenic spots represented by Mount Li and Wulaofeng. There are more than 600 ancient buildings/kloc-0, 44 national cultural relics, 4 national intangible cultural heritages/kloc-0, and 92 provincial cultural relics. These places of interest and cultural relics, like bright pearls, constitute a strange landscape. Flying dragons in Jiangxian, gongs and drums in Guan Gong, flower drums in Jishan, Wanrong jokes, paper-cutting, weaving, root sounds, cloud carvings and dough sculptures are also wonderful works of Yuncheng's unique folk culture.

There are many historical anecdotes and beautiful legends here. For example, the Yellow Emperor fought against Chiyou, Lei Zu raised silkworms to reel silk, plowed Mount Li, carved Longmen with Dayu axe, Hou Ji plowed the fields, plowed shares to serve the monarch, built a South Locomotive after the wind, yue longmen the carp, and Sima Guang smashed the jar, being good at Qin Jin, retreating, repaying the favor with grass, and killing the enemy by false means.

A state of honesty

Yuncheng is the hometown of Guan Gong, and Guan Gong is the pride of Yuncheng. Guan Gong's spirit of "loyalty, righteousness and courage" has a long history and has influenced China and foreign countries. The core of Guan Gong's spirit is "honesty", which is consistent with the spirit of honesty advocated today. Under the new situation of market economy, we need the spirit of honesty, and we need to establish a credit society. Honesty is the humanistic spirit and core value with a long history in this city, and it has become the cultural gene passed down from generation to generation in our Hedong people's morality.

Universiade city

Yuncheng has been a city of transporting salt, wealth and wealth since ancient times. Yuncheng, which is advancing, shows its superior location, unique scenery, convenient transportation, developed agriculture, soaring economy, simple folk customs, abundant talents, vigorous vitality and broad prospects.

Yuncheng is a traditional agricultural area with flat terrain, mild climate, fertile soil and abundant sunshine. The average annual rainfall is 525mm, the sunshine is 2350 hours, the temperature is 13 degrees Celsius, and the frost-free period is 2 12 days, so the agricultural production conditions are superior.

Landscape introduction

Yuncheng Salt Lake, a pearl with a long history.

Yuncheng Salt Lake is located at the southern end of Yuncheng City, with a total area of 132 square kilometers. It is 40 kilometers long from east to west and 4 kilometers wide from north to south. It is a naturally closed inland salt lake with a development history of more than 4,000 years, which is synchronized with the 5,000-year civilization history of the Chinese nation. In the Tang Dynasty, the annual salt lake tax revenue accounted for about a quarter of the national salt tax revenue and an eighth of the national tax revenue. The touching legend of Bo Le Xiang Ma happened here. At present, relying on the development and utilization of salt lake mineral resources, Yuncheng has Nanfeng Group, the largest inorganic salt chemical base in China, and has produced national famous brand products such as Qiqiang brand washing powder and Qiqiang brand detergent. Relying on the development and utilization of salt cultural resources, the Sea of Death and Yuncheng Salt Lake theme leisure and health resort featuring salt water floating, black mud health preservation and medical mineral spring hydrotherapy have been built. Yuncheng Salt Lake is of great benefit to Yuncheng people.

The highest martial temple in the world-Jiezhou Guandi Temple

Jiezhou Guandi Temple, located in Jiezhou Town, 20 kilometers west of Yuncheng City, was founded in Sui Dynasty. It is the largest palace-style temple in China, and one of the most complete temples in China, and it is called "the ancestor of Guan Temple".

The total area of the temple is 6.5438+0.4 million square meters, which is divided into two parts: the main temple and the Jieyi Garden. The main temple is the main part of Guandi Temple, which is divided into two courtyards. Chongning Hall is the main building in the front yard. There are 26 Panlong stone pillars in front of the main hall, which are cleverly shaped and beautifully carved. The backyard is the bedroom, flanked by the knife building and the seal building, and Guan Yu's dragon crescent moon blade can also be seen on the ground. Behind it is the tallest building in the temple, the Spring and Autumn Building, which is beautifully built and gives people the feeling of castles in the air. Jieyi Garden was built to commemorate the Jieyi of Liu, Guan and Zhang Taoyuan. There are towering old trees and beautiful mountains and rivers in the park. The main buildings are Jieyifang, Junzi Pavilion and Sanyi Pavilion. Guandi was famous for his loyalty, righteousness, benevolence and courage all his life, and was worshipped by rulers of past dynasties. He and Confucius are also known as the two saints of literature and martial arts. Throughout the ages, it has been highly respected and yearned for by people.

The stork tower is a famous historical and cultural building in China.

The stork tower is located on the east bank of the Yellow River west of the ancient city of Zhou Pu, yongji city, Yuncheng, and is called the four famous buildings in ancient China together with the Yellow Crane Tower, Yueyang Tower and Wangtengting. The building was built in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, destroyed in the early Yuan Dynasty and rebuilt in 1997. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, literati went upstairs to enjoy the scenery, leaving many immortal poems, among which Wang Zhihuan's "In the Lugu Pavilion" can be called the eternal swan song.

The newly-built stork tower is the largest imitation of the Tang Dynasty in China, with four eaves and three floors, with a total height of 73.9 meters, a total construction area of 33,206 square meters and a total weight of 8,000 tons. It fully embodies the style of the Tang Dynasty in architectural form, and is the only Tang Dynasty building restored by the art of color painting in the Tang Dynasty in China. With the stork tower as the center, the stork tower scenic spot has a planned area of 3,300 mu and an existing area of 1.640 mu. On September 26, 2002, the first phase of the famous building tourist area centered on the stork building was completed. The stork tower is a national tourist attraction, symbolizing the prosperity of the Chinese nation and the take-off of the motherland.

The Holy Land of Love-Pujiu Temple

Pujiu Temple is located on the Emei Plateau, 3 kilometers east of the ancient city of Zhou Pu in Yuncheng. This is a thousand-year-old temple, where China's famous classical drama The West Chamber took place.

Newly restored in 1986, the love story of the West Chamber has been shocking people's hearts for thousands of years, making it a famous tourist attraction.

The Treasure of Mural Art —— Yongle Palace

Yongle Palace is located at the west 100 meter of Yongle Town, Ruicheng County. Founded in the Yuan Dynasty, the construction period was *** 1 10 years. It is famous for its murals in the Yuan Dynasty. This is a Taoist temple built in memory of Lv Dongbin, a real person in Chunyang.

Yongle Palace covers an area of 80,000 square meters, with a large scale, on the central axis of 500 meters. Yongle Palace has become a temple for experts and scholars all over the world to study mural art and a tourist attraction for domestic and foreign tourists.

Yuncheng has rich and colorful customs, and social fire is an important local entertainment activity. The folk social fire in this area has a long history. In the Han Dynasty, social fires were popular in Tongxiang (now wenxi county) and Quwo. During the Tang, Song and Jin Dynasties, folk social fires were very popular in all counties in this area. The types of social fires have expanded from acrobatics to music (gongs and drums), dance (lion dance and dragon dance), sports (martial arts, stilts) and viewing (icebergs, lifting pavilions). The content is richer and the scene is more spectacular. In the old days, social fires were mostly held on traditional festivals (Lantern Festival, Duanyang Festival and Double Ninth Festival), competitions to greet gods, autumn prayers and festive occasions (birthdays and weddings). After the founding of New China, all kinds of social fires have generally developed and improved on the original basis, and become the main form of mass cultural activities in traditional festivals. People also use this traditional form of folk entertainment to celebrate National Day, Army Day, Labor Day and so on. Or host the commencement ceremony, ribbon cutting and business activities of various major projects. Popular folk social fires with local characteristics in this area include: gongs and drums, stilts, flower drums, dragon lanterns, water stories, back heights, back ice, icebergs, lanterns, animals, fireworks, river lanterns, blood stories and so on.