Historical allusions of wine culture

History: About 106 BC, during the Yuanfeng period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Liu Che visited Huoshan. At that time, officials and people came out of the city 20 miles with water and refined nectar to welcome him. The emperor was very happy after drinking it and praised it as "welcome wine and sweet liquid"! The English tribute was named after this.

Wuliangye

In the Song Dynasty (960- 1279), Yao's Xuequ liquor was brewed in Yibin Yao's private workshop, which was the most mature germ in Wuliangye, and was brewed from five kinds of grains: corn, rice, sorghum, glutinous rice and buckwheat. In A.D. 1368, Chen Jicheng Yao, a native of Yibin, summed up Chen's secret recipe, which was called "miscellaneous grains wine", and was renamed "Wuliangye" by Juren in the late Qing Dynasty.

Maotai

The earliest record of Chishui River's brewing history is Sima Qian's Historical Records. Historical Records Biography of Southwest Yi records that in 130 BC, Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, drank the famous wine "Hulu Sauce" from Yelang (now northern Guizhou) and could not help but praise it as "sweet". Later, there was the history that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Tang Meng, a general of the Han Dynasty, to Guizhou to open up a foreign road and specially bypass Renhuai, where Maotai was located. There is a saying, "What is the gouache of the China government? Earn Tang laughed that Maotai was called Yibu in ancient times, and Goujiang was proved to be a wine brewed by Renhuai Chishui River with fruit and grain.

The origin of wine

The history of China wine can be traced back to ancient times in the history of human society. In Historical Records of Yin Benji, Zhou Wang recorded that "wine is a pool, hanging meat is a forest" and "drinking for a long night". The poems in The Book of Songs, "October rice harvest, spring wine for this" and "Spring wine for this, longevity", all illustrate the rise of Chinese wine, which has a history of 5,000 years with different social activities of human beings.

According to archaeologists, there are special wine vessels in Neolithic pottery unearthed in modern times, which shows that in primitive society, wine-making in China has been very popular. There are four theories about the origin of wine in historical documents.

Tiandao winemaking theory

Since ancient times, the ancestors of China people have said that wine is made by the "wine star" in the sky. In the Book of Jin, there is a record about the constellation of wine flags: "In the right corner of Xuanyuan, there is a three-star wine flag, a wine official flag and a main banquet." Xuanyuan, the ancient name of China, has seventeen stars, twelve of which belong to Leo. The wine flag has three stars, arranged in a "one" shape, next to Liu Su on the 28th night, a star that entered the south. On a clear night, search the sky carefully against the star map. Xuanyuan XIV in Leo and Xingyi in Ophiuchus are very bright and easy to find, while Samsung, the wine flag, is difficult to be recognized by the naked eye because its brightness is too small or too far away.

The discovery of Jiuqixing was first seen in Zhou Li, which has a history of nearly 3,000 years. Twenty-eight Nights of Honesty, which began in Yin and was established in Zhou, is one of the great discoveries of ancient astronomy in China. It was a miracle that these not-so-bright "Nine Seven Stars" were observed in the vast starry sky of Hanzhong at that time, and they were named, leaving various records and legends about the Nine Seven Stars.

Ape brewing theory

A Supplement to National History written by Li Zhao in the Tang Dynasty has a wonderful record of how humans catch clever apes.

Apes are very alert animals. They live in the deep mountains and wild forests, and their whereabouts are uncertain, making it difficult to catch them. After careful observation, people found that apes were "addicted to alcohol." Therefore, people put sweet and rich wine in places where apes haunt. When the ape smells the fragrance, he lingers in front of the wine jar first, and then carefully dips in the wine and sucks it. After a long time, I finally could not stand the temptation of wine and drank it until I was caught as drunk as a fiddler. This method of catching apes is not unique to China. People in Southeast Asia and indigenous people in Africa also use similar methods to catch apes or gorillas.

Apes not only drink, but also "make wine", which is recorded in Chinese history books. Li, a scholar in Qing Dynasty, said in his works: "There are many apes in Qiongzhou ... people who taste ape wine in the depths of rocks. Gai ape wine takes rice and flowers as raw materials, with a capacity of five or six liters, 160 pieces. It tastes the hottest, but it is extremely rare. " Record; A note novel in the Qing Dynasty also said: "There are many apes in the mountains of Pingle and other provinces in western Guangdong, and they are good at picking flowers and making wine. The woodcutter has a nest in the mountains, and the wine is hundreds of dollars high. Drinking it, the smell is abnormal, which is called ape wine. " Coincidentally, as early as the Ming Dynasty, there was a legend that this ape "brewed wine". Li Rihua, a scholar in the Ming Dynasty, also wrote a similar record: "There are many apes in Huangshan Mountain. In spring and summer, I picked flowers and fruits in a stone depression and brewed them into wine. The aroma was overflowing and I heard it in a hundred steps. "

In the past year, Anhui Daily once published the story of an old painter, Mr. Cheng Xiaotian, who found "monkey wine" in the dangerous peaks and deep valleys of Huangshan Mountain. The records of people in different times prove that something similar to "wine" is often found in the settlements of apes. It can also be inferred that the origin of wine begins with fruit fermentation, because it is much easier than grain fermentation.

Wine is a kind of fermented food, which is produced by a microorganism called yeast to decompose sugar. Yeast is a widely distributed fungus. This kind of yeast is easier to reproduce and grow in the vast natural leaves, especially in some fruits with high sugar content. Wild fruit in the mountains is an important food for apes. In the season when fruits are ripe, apes collect and store a lot of fruits in the "stone depression", and the accumulated fruits are fermented by yeast in nature, and a liquid called "wine" is precipitated in the stone depression. Therefore, it is natural that apes unconsciously "make" wine.

Theory of ex situ brewing

In Historical Records, there are many records of "making wine and being beautiful" and "opening wine mash" in Yidi.

There is a saying that Yidi is a drunk driver and Du Kang is a drinker. Literally, this means that they are brewing different wines. "Dial" is a kind of "cheese waste" made from glutinous rice fermentation. Soft and sweet, located in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Nowadays, in many families, waking up is still self-control. Vinegar lees are white and delicate, and thick lees can be used as staple food, and the clear juice on them is quite close to wine. "Lin" is another name for sorghum. Du Kang is a forest wine producer, which means that the raw material used in Du Kang is sorghum. From this perspective, Yidi is the founder of yellow rice wine, and Du Kang may be the founder of sorghum wine.

Another way of saying it is that "the prosperity of wine originates from emperors and becomes virtue". It means that since the era of three emperors and five emperors in ancient times, various brewing methods have been popular among the people. It is easy to summarize these brewing methods and spread them to later generations.

When did Yidi come? Compared with Du Kang, the records of Yidi in ancient books are more consistent. For example, in Historical Records, Lu Chunqiu and Warring States Policy, he is considered as Yu Xia. So, is Yidi the "ancestor" of wine making? This view has been inconsistent since ancient times, and even contradicts the world. For example, Confucius VIII Sun Kongyi said that Emperor Yao and Emperor Shun were kings who were addicted to alcohol. Huangdi, Yao and Shun were all good drinkers before Yuxia, and Yao and Shun were all good drinkers before Yuxia. Did they drink the wine brewed by others? It can be seen that it is inaccurate to say that Yi Di, the minister of Yu Xia, "created the mash of wine". In fact, it is very difficult to make wine with grain, and it is difficult to complete it by one person alone.

Du Kang's Brewing Theory

There is also a saying that Du Kang is "inexhaustible, empty, and Xu Yu has become a taste, accumulating over time. This is a generation, not a strange side. " In other words, Du Kang put the leftover food in a tree hole in the mulberry field, where it fermented and smelled fragrant. This is how wine is made. Du Kang is the ancestor of wine.

Wei Wudi Yuefu said, "How can we solve the problem of summer? Only Du Kang ". Since then, it seems that more and more people think that wine was created by Du Kang.

Du Kang does exist in history. In ancient books, such as Shiben, Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals, Warring States Policy, Shuowen Jiezi, etc., there are records of Du Kang family. There is also a detailed description of Du Kang in Bai Shui Ti Zhi, which was rebuilt in Gan Long in the 19th year of Qing Dynasty. Baishuimeng, located at the junction of Lunan and Zhong Kai Plain in northern Shaanxi Plateau, is named after the white source of a river flowing through Xianzhi. Baishui County is "the domain of ancient Yongzhou, Pengxi on weekends and Peng Ya in spring and autumn". "Emperor Hanjing built an easy tooth alliance" and "Baishui County was built in the Tang Dynasty to govern today", which shows that Baishui has a long history. According to legend, there have been "four great sages" here: First, Cang Xie, a historian and word-maker of the Yellow Emperor, was born in Wu Yang Village of this county; First, Lei Yun, who was named the land god of Peng Ya after his death, was good at cutting porcelain before his death; First, one of China's "Four Great Inventions", the inventor of papermaking, Cai Lun, a Han nationality, left a grave here for some reason; In addition, it is said to be the site of Du Kang, the originator of brewing. A small listening city on the Loess Plateau has the remains of four sages: Cang Ling, Lei Yun, Cai Lun and Du Kang. The page can be described as "outstanding".

"Du Kang, the word Zhongyu, is said to be Kang Jiawei, who is good at making wine." Kangjiawei is a small village that still exists today, located seven or eight kilometers west of Sun Cheng. There is a big ditch in the village, about 10 km long, more than 100 meters wide and nearly 100 meters deep. People call it "Du Kang Gully". There is a spring at the source of the ditch, surrounded by green trees and lush vegetation, named "Du Kangquan". According to the records of Meng Zhi, "It is said that Du Kang uses this water to make wine" and "the villagers say that this water still smells of wine". It is not true that there is a smell of wine, but it is true that this spring water is bitter and sweet. Clear water gushes from the spring, disappears along the bottom of the ditch, and finally flows into Baishui River, which is called "Dukang River". The mound next to Du Kangquan is surrounded by bricks, which is said to be the burial place of Du Kang. On the left side of the tomb, Du Kang Temple has a carved wall as a room dedicated to the statue of Du Kang. Unfortunately, temples and elephants were destroyed by a "ten-year catastrophe". According to county records, villagers used to organize "jousting for pleasure" activities on the 21st day of the first month. It was a very lively day, and many vendors got together and called for help. It was not until sunset that people in Xishan broke up. Now, Du Kang's Tomb and Du Kang Temple have been renovated, and a Liang Heng has been built on Du Kangquan. The pavilion is hexagonal, with red columns and tiles, cornices and colored tiles. The lintel is painted with stories and pictures such as "Du Kang and Liu Ling are drunk together" and "Mei Qing talks about heroes when cooking wine". Although Du Kang's birthplace and so on are "handed down from generation to generation". But according to the broken bricks found by archaeologists in this area, there were buildings here during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. The history of wine production here is also quite long. During the Anshi Rebellion, Du Nan, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, came here with his family and wrote many poems such as My Uncle Baishui's Happiness with his male surname Cui Shaofu. There are records of drinking in the poem, such as "Drunk String Songs Today" and "Opening Mulberry Wine". Brewing experts also tested the spring water in Du Kang, and thought that the water quality was suitable for brewing. 1976, Baishui people established a modern winery near Dukangquan, named "Du Kang Winery", and used spring water to make wine. The product name is "Dukang Wine", which won the bronze award of national wine disaster of the Ministry of Light Industry.

There are also records about the site of Du Kang in Yiyang Zhi. Daoguang was rebuilt in the 18th year, Ruzhou Quan Zhi and Daoguang in the 20th year. There is a "Dushui River" in the "Water" chapter of Yiyang County Records, which explains that "it is said that Du Kang makes wine here". "Ruzhou Zhi" says "Du Kang, five miles north of the city, is named Du Kang Brewery". In Quan Zhi, Ruzhou, there are also places called "Du Kang Brewery" called "Du Kang's Promotion" and "Five Miles North of the City". Today, there is a small village called "Du Kangxian Village", which people say is called Du Kangsheng. The original meaning of "promoting" refers to the cracking sound of stones, and the soil around Dukang Xianzhuang is formed by weathering of rocks. Many clear springs gushed out from the land boundary and merged into a small river, which flowed through the next village. People say that this river is a Dushui River. Interestingly, in this section of the river near the village, there is a kind of shrimp about 1 cm long, yellow and curled up, which is rare elsewhere. In addition, the eggs laid by ducks growing on this Hetao are reddish in yolk. Because the villagers here drink river water, there are no people suffering from stomach problems. In Yichuan County, more than ten kilometers north of Dukang Xianzhuang, there is a spring named "Gu Quan the Great", which is also said to be the spring for Du Kang to take water. Nowadays, Du Kang wineries with considerable scale have been established in Yichuan County and Ruyang County, and their products are all called Dukang Liquor. The annual output of Yichuan products, Ruyang products and Baishui products reached tens of thousands of tons, which was probably unimaginable in Du Kang at that time.

Allusions to wine

Magic wave: wine is called magic wave because it can relieve anxiety and bring happiness to people. This nickname first appeared in Jiao Yanshou's "Lin Yi Publishing Records" in the Han Dynasty. He said: "wine is the joy of having fun and the joy of solving worries." Since then, many people have written poems with this code. For example, Yang Wanli in the Song Dynasty wrote in the fourth poem of He Zhongliang's Spring Festival Evening: "It is difficult for the poor to hire Huan Bo, but they dare to cross the money when they are sick." In addition, Yuan Haowen of the Jin Dynasty wrote in the poem "Liu Yuexuan", "Three people meet and get back together; Huanbo is my song, and the toad and rabbit are moving. "

What's in the cup: it's named because it's mostly in a cup when drinking. Kong Rong's famous saying, "A full house is filled, and the wine in the bottle (cup) is not empty". Tao Qian wrote in the poem "Complaining Son", "What a lucky day, it's all in the cup". Du Fu wrote in the poem "Playing the title to the King of Hanzhong", "Endure breaking the contents of the cup and sleep to see the motto".

Jinbo: It is named after the color of wine is like gold and it floats like waves in the cup. Zhang wrote in "Boating on the Lake Ledaming in Putian" that "the cup is full of gold".

This is an ancient wine brewed with black millet and vanilla, which is used to worship the gods. According to the Book of Songs. Daya Jianghan recorded that "there was a thunderbolt". [Biography]: Black millet also. Therefore, vanilla is also called "fragrance" when it is cooked and depressed. "Notes": black millet wine, called notes, is fragrant and smooth. Wang Ci summoned the tiger and presented a toast to the ancestral hall to tell his ancestors.

Bai Duo: This is the name of a good brewer. According to the Northern Wei Dynasty's "Luoyang Galand Ji Xi Fayun Temple", "Hedong people are good at making wine. In late summer and June, when they meet summer, they use merchants to store wine, which is violent in Japan and China. After more than ten days, the wine stopped moving, and the smell of drinking was beautiful and drunk. After several months, I still didn't wake up. Shi Jing went to the county seat to visit San Francisco more than 1000 miles away. The distance is called crane, also called donkey riding wine. Yong Xizhong, Qingzhou secretariat Mao Hongbin, is an alcoholic. I met thieves on the road, got drunk after drinking, and they were all caught. At that time, people said,' I'm not afraid of drawing my bow and sword, but I'm afraid of falling into the spring mash for nothing' ". Therefore, later generations took "Hundred Duo" as the wine name. Su Zhe wrote in the poem "Two Rhymes of Snow", "Give bamboo diligently and persuade yourself to drink white."

Frozen mash: spring wine. This is a kind of wine brewed in cold winter for drinking in spring. According to "Poetry, Wind and July", "The rice was harvested in October, so the birthday was celebrated with spring wine". Legend: Spring wine, frozen mash also. In Song Dynasty, Zhu Yizhong wrote in "The Classic of Wine" that "holding an urn in the winter mash and making wine in the winter moon make people hold an urn quickly and taste thin". Du Mu wrote in "Twelve Rhymes to Send My Brother-in-law Zhou Cui" that "the rain invades the cold dream and the plum attracts the frozen mash".

Pot cup: originally a vessel for holding wine, it later became synonymous with wine. Tao Qian wrote in "Going Home" that "the pot cup is for your own use, and the court coke." Bai Juyi wrote in the poem "Send an Order to the East to Stay Alone", "Add a madman to the east and report the pot first."

Contents in the pot: named after most of the wine is in the pot. Zhang Hu wrote in the poem Shangrao Pavilion: "Only the things in the pot are poured when you are worried", which is another name for fine wine. According to Selected Works of Zuo Si; "Record" alcohol flows for thousands of days in Zhongshan ". Zhang Zai wrote in Jiu Fu that "Zhongshan begins in winter and matures in autumn".

Action: originally meant to pour wine and drink, and later extended to the name of wine; Such as "drinking" and "drinking". Li Bai wrote in the poem "Drinking the Bright Moon Alone", "Hua Wen, pot of wine, I drink alone. No one is with me. "

Yi: According to Poetry, Shang and Ancestors, "Obviously I have become". [Legend]: Yi, wine. Shi: I originally wanted to filter wine from me and use it instead of good wine. Li Bai wrote in the poem "Farewell", "Don't pour the pot and raise the whip when you leave". Yang Wanli wrote in the poem "Little Penglai Drink" that "eating chrysanthemums is the dew of grains and the soul".

Awakening: especially wine. Bai Juyi wrote in the poem "I will return to a unique place", "I feel more pity for my family to welcome me back in spring."

Huang Feng: This refers to the wine given by the emperor, also called palace wine. Su Shi wrote in the poem "Drinking with Six People, such as Ou Kun", "You don't know a gentleman's white until you are exhausted, and you don't remember Huang Xi until you are tired." According to "Shuyan Story Wine", "Imperial wine is named Huang Xi".

Clear drink: it was called sacrificial wine in ancient times. According to the Book of Rites Quli, "When worshipping the ancestral temple, ... drink and drink".

Yesterday's wine: this refers to the wine that has been brewing for a long time. According to the Zhou Li Tiangong Wine Certificate, "there are three kinds of wine, one is wine, the other is old wine, and the third is sake". Jia commented: "Those who are used to drinking wine for a long time should drink it in the name of old wine for those who have nothing to do." .

Pale wine: This refers to green and slightly white wines. Cao Zhi wrote in July 7th that "Spring Camp has pure wine". Shan Li Note: Light green, slightly white.

Qingzhou engagement, Pingyuan Du You: "Qingzhou engagement" is the code word of fine wine. "Duyou in the Plain" is the code word for bad wine. According to "Shi Shuo Xin Yu Yu Shujie" compiled by the Southern Song Dynasty, "Huan Gong (Huan Wen) has a master book of good wine, and the wine needs to be tasted first. The good is called Qingzhou, and the evil is called Pingyuan Duyou. Qingzhou has Qixian County, and the plain has Weixian County. Do, talk to the navel; Du You, words live on the table. " . "Engaged" and "Du You" were originally official names. In the Song Dynasty, Su Shi wrote a poem, "Did you intend Qingzhou for six years?"

Qu Sheng and Qu Xiucai: This is the approximate name of wine. According to Zheng Bai's record in Tian Chuan, "Ye Fashan, a Taoist priest in the Tang Dynasty, lived in the metaphysical view. More than a dozen guests came to visit and stayed for a long time, and the house was full of wine. Suddenly, a young man proudly walked in, claiming to be Qu Xiucai, and spoke silently, which surprised everyone. After a long time, it rises temporarily and rotates like the wind. Fa Shan thought it was a demon. As soon as Qu Sheng came back, he hit it with a small sword and fell on the steps, turning it into a bottle of wine. The guest smiled and drank, and it tasted good. " Later, "Qu Sheng" or "Qu Xiucai" was used as another name for wine. In the Ming Dynasty, Qing Xue lay man wrote a poem, "Qu Sheng is a true friend, accompanied by Su Qin". In the Qing Dynasty, the owner of Beixuan wrote a poem "Monks stay in the mountains in the spring forest, and the hotel does not forget Qu Xiucai". In the section "Eight Kings from a Lonely Studio", Pu Songling also wrote the words "When songs often come, poets will be friends of Jin".

Qu Daoshi and Qu Jushi: This is a joke about wine. In the Song Dynasty, Lu You wrote in the poem "Living in seclusion in early summer" that "the bottle is exhausted and the Taoist priest is recruited, and the bed is empty and the bamboo lady is newly hired". Huang Tingjian wrote in "Miscellaneous Poems" (V) that "everything belongs to the layman, and it is a hundred years since I was pregnant with the palace".

Qu Tiller: The original meaning refers to the wine mother. According to "Historical Records", "All works are drunk, but only clumsy". According to the Book of Rites and the Moon Order, "it is a big toast, and the rice must be neat, and the tiller must be timely", which was later called wine. Du Fu wrote in the poem "Return", "Who will give it to the tiller and worry about the old river?" Su Wan wrote in "Mud has a Wonderful Reason" that "the tiller has its poison, so he is at ease."

Spring: In the Book of Songs, there was a poem in July that said, "The rice is harvested in October, so spring wine is served for this purpose, so people often take" spring "as the name of wine. Du Fu wrote in the poem "Relieve boredom" that "Qu Mi-chun smells Yun 'an, but Yi Deng is intoxicating". Su Wan wrote in the poem "Dongting Spring", "This year's Dongting, jade color is not wine".

Mao Chai: This was originally a derogatory term for inferior wine. Feng Shihua pointed out in the history of wine and wine that "rotten wine is called Mao Chai". It is also a special name for the city to sell thin wine. Wu Yu wrote in "Guan Lin Shi Dialect", "Dongpo is overwhelmed by Mao Chai, and it is forbidden to rush day and night." The furious market sells firewood, which is easier to read than to read. "Ming Feng Menglong's" Words of Warning "records that" Mao Chai wine is in glass lamps, and beans and plums are clustered in white jade plates ".

Sweet ant and floating ant: another name for wine. It is named after the fragrant wine and the ants. Wei Zhuang wrote in the poem "Gifts from Chang 'an in Winter Cui Langzhong 2+ Rhyme of Zhou Guo", "I invited hospitable ants to pour incense, and I don't like to sing salt and Qionghua".

Green ant and blue ant: The green foam on the surface of wine is also called wine. Bai Juyi wrote in the poem "Drunk with Li Eleven and Remember Yuan Jiu": "There is a ray of green in the old bottle and a touch of red in the static furnace". Xie Tiao wrote in "Sick in the County, Showing Shen Shangshu" that "it's easy to talk and recommend, and the green ants are alone". Wu Wenying wrote in "Running Snow" that "the song is full of blue ants, and the embroidered foil is half-hooked".

Tianlu: This is another name for wine. According to "History of Eating Goods in Han Dynasty", "The drinker is the beauty of the son of heaven, so the son of heaven cares for the world, prays for blessings and helps the poor and the sick." According to legend, at the end of the Sui Dynasty, Wang once said to his ministers, "Wine can help people, and Dr. Tianlu deserves it." Therefore, wine is also called "Doctor Tianlu".

Zanthoxylum bungeanum sauce: Zanthoxylum bungeanum wine, which is made by soaking pepper. Because wine is also called pulp, it is called pepper pulp. Chu ci Jiuge Donghuang Taiyi wrote, "Drink osmanthus wine and pepper sauce". Li Jia * * wrote in the poem "Night in the South of the Yangtze River", "After the rain, Zhou Zhu was idle, and the pepper paste was drunk to meet God." Flesh originally refers to light wine, and later it is also used as a substitute for wine. According to "Zhou Li. Heaven official, pulp man, and the sixth drink in the palm of your hand: water, pulp, glutinous rice, cold, medicine, glutinous rice, once again; Huanbo is my song, and the toad and rabbit are moving. "

Forget worry: because wine can make people forget worry, it is named after it. Tao Qian in the Jin Dynasty had such a title in the seventh song of Drinking: "If you forget things, you will die far away. Although you are still taking a sip, the cup is full of pots. "

Sweep the broom and hook the poem: Su Wan, a great writer in the Song Dynasty, wrote in the poem "Dongting Spring": "There is no need to ask the name. You should call the poem hook and sweep the broom. " Because wine can sweep away sorrow and fascinate the soul, Su Shi called it this way. Later, "sweeping the broom" and "fishing the poem hook" were used as the names of the wine. In the Yuan Dynasty, George wrote in Qian Ji that "I'm here to sweep the broom and catch the poem hook".

Crazy medicine: named after the promiscuity of alcohol, it can make people crazy after drinking. In the biography of Jin Shu Pei Jie, the Tang Dynasty recorded that "the banquet of Sun and Chong (Shi Chong), a captain of Changshui, was too slow and arrogant, so he wanted to avoid it. Hearing this, Kai said,' Why don't you blame others for being polite?' Worship is the purpose. "In the Tang Dynasty, Li Qunyu also wrote a poem about wine in the poem" Suoqu Send Wine ",which said,' Cheap things come when the spring breeze falls, and you need crazy medicine to relieve your worries'.

Wine soldier: It is named because wine can solve worries, just as soldiers can defeat the enemy. In the Tang Dynasty, li yanshou's Biography of Nan Shi Chen Qingzhi was accompanied by Chen Xuan and his brothers and sons' Book Revision, with the title: "Therefore, Jiang Zi has a saying,' Wine is still a soldier. Soldiers can be used for thousands of days, not one day unprepared; It is impossible to' drink wine for 1000 days and never return until you are drunk'. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang also had this topic in the eighth poem "Untitled", "Recalling the long years, the wine soldiers have no plans to worry about hatred".

Prajnaparamita soup: This is the code word for monks to order wine. Buddhists forbid monks to drink alcohol, but some monks steal alcohol, which is why they call it that, because it is taboo. Su Shi recorded in Dongpo Zhi Lin Taoist that "monks call wine Prajna soup". Brother Dou also recorded in Jiupu Qijiu that "the Tianzhu Kingdom is called wine crisp, and now the northern monk cloud is prajnaparamita soup, and the thin words cover the law, which is not from the interpretation of the scriptures". Mr. Zhao Puchu, Chairman of the Chinese Buddhist Association, wrote the inscription "Sweet and Ordinary Soup" for Huangtai Liquor in Gansu, which shows its meaning.

Qing Sheng and Zhuo Xian: At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao was in power and ordered the prohibition of alcohol. In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was published in Wei Lue and quoted from Liu Yun's Taiping Magnolia. "When Mao (Cao Cao) banned alcohol, people drank it secretly, so it is hard to say that wine is sacred to white wine and sake." Chen Shou of the Jin Dynasty also recorded this point in the biography of the Three Kingdoms and Xu Miao. "When drinking, it is a private drink. As for drunkenness, Zhao Da, a captain, asked Cao Cao, saying' China Sage' ... General Du Liao was fresh and assisted Yue,' On weekdays, people who are drunk are called saints and those who are turbid are saints. I'm cautious. I'm drunk. Therefore, later generations called white wine or turbid wine a "saint" and sake a "saint". Documentary people in the Tang Dynasty wrote a poem in Ban Jacky, in which they wrote, "When you first avoid sages, you are happy to have a cup.". In the Song Dynasty, Lu You wrote in the poem "The Stream of Canglang" that "take the holy and turbid wine leisurely and try the north-south wind again". References:

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