It's okay to have a large ovary ovary abnormality, but why is the femur short in the third trimester of pregnancy?

What is the reason for the short femur of the fetus? Many pregnant mothers are worried, does it matter if the fetus has a short femur? Let’s take a look below to learn more about it. As the saying goes, one whiteness covers three ugliness, one height covers one hundred ugliness. So, when pregnant mothers who hope that their babies will have long legs find out during pregnancy tests that the femur of the fetus is "less than -2SD", oh my god, are you talking about our short legs? It was as if I heard the sound of a broken dream... And when the doctor continued: "There may be something abnormal in the baby, I suggest..." It is estimated that these words are nothing more than a thunder, making pregnant mothers worried. What are the abnormalities in babies with "short femurs"? Does it matter? Today, Wu Minru, a fetal medicine team member at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, will talk about this issue. "Short femur" is one of the ultrasonic soft indicators. Let's first understand this proper term - "ultrasound soft indicator". Ultrasound soft indicators refer to ultrasound manifestations of uncertain significance. These ultrasound findings are usually associated with normal fetal variations, often have no clinical sequelae, are transient, and resolve with increasing gestation or after birth. However, these soft markers do increase the risk of fetal aneuploidy and their association with maternal biochemical risk status should be determined. In other words, if the ultrasound soft indicators are abnormal, it is generally fine, but from the perspective of big data, the risk of fetal problems will be higher. If the "ultrasound soft index" is compared to a mock exam, Xiao Ming scored 90 points and Xiao Hong scored 70 points, then according to common sense, in the next final exam, both people may be able to pass, but , Xiaohong’s probability of failing may be higher. If the baby's femur is found to be short, what diseases might it cause? Usually, when the femur is found to be smaller than -2SD in the second trimester, it may indicate the following conditions: Fetal aneuploidy Fetal skeletal dysplasia Early-onset intrauterine growth restriction Some genetic diseases (such as osteogenesis imperfecta, achondroplasia, etc.) Listening It's so serious! Are babies with "short femurs" at high risk for abnormalities? Simply having a short femur does not necessarily mean that the fetus has a chromosomal abnormality, and the risk is relatively small. In fact, there are many soft ultrasound indicators similar to "short femur", such as thickening of the nuchal translucency in the first trimester, strong intestinal echoes in the second trimester, and renal pelvic dilation. Normal fetuses aged about 11-17 years may also have these ultrasound findings. At the same time, based on the specific values ??of Down syndrome screening and the following table, the risk of fetal chromosomal abnormalities can be estimated. ▲Likelihood ratio is often used to estimate the probability of disease. We multiply the likelihood ratio value based on the Down syndrome screening value to get the fetal disease risk. What should we do next? A B-ultrasound shows that the femur is short and can be closely followed up (such as a repeat B-ultrasound in 2 weeks). If the follow-up results are normal, continue regular prenatal check-ups. However, it should be noted that when combined with other high-risk indicators, such as neck soft tissue thickening, mild ventricular dilation, and strong intestinal echo, it is still recommended that pregnant mothers undergo amniocentesis to determine whether there are chromosomal abnormalities. If femur shortness is repeatedly indicated, attention should be paid to fetal cardiothoracic ratio examination and amniocentesis is recommended to rule out chromosomal abnormalities or genetic abnormalities. If other growth diameters are also small, the fetal growth diameter should be actively followed up to rule out fetal intrauterine growth restriction, and umbilical blood flow should be checked if necessary. If there is a genetically related family history, attention should be paid to ruling out osteogenesis imperfecta, etc., and the pregnancy should be terminated in a timely manner if necessary. Pregnant mothers who are found to have short femurs in the third trimester, especially those with pregnancy-related diseases, need to increase the number of prenatal checkups to rule out intrauterine growth restriction caused by decreased placental function in the third trimester.