Seventh, review the final science papers (preferably all! ! )

1. Multiple choice questions: (30 points)

1. An object moves in a straight line and travels within 10s 150m. If you keep going 10s, the following statement is correct ().

A the distance traveled by an object in the last 10 second may be greater than150m.

B the average speed of an object in the past 10 second must be greater than 15 m/s.

C the distance that an object passes within 1s must be 15m.

The average speed of an object within 20s cannot be equal to15m/s.

2. As shown in the figure below, among the four images, the one that can represent the uniform linear motion of the object is ().

As shown in the picture, four identical glasses contain different amounts of water. By tapping with a thin stick, you can get four scales of dou. 1 ruai.2mi.3fa.4, and the bottle corresponding to scale ruai.2 is: ().

4. A tall building outside the playground of a school is 170m away from the starting point of the runway. During the running training, the students heard the starting gun twice because of the echo. If the speed of sound in the air is 340m/s, then the time interval between hearing the starting gun is ().

A. 0.5s b. 1s c. 0.5 min. d. 1 min

5. The following statement about invisible light is wrong ()

A. Objects with different temperatures have different infrared intensities.

B. the heat of the sun is mainly transmitted to the earth in the form of infrared rays.

C. although ultraviolet rays can sterilize, people can only receive them in moderation.

D Wearing sunglasses in summer or walking in the snow in winter can improve people's observation of road conditions.

6. The main reason why the front windshield of the car is not vertically installed is ()

A. it is convenient to observe the situation outside the car by reflecting light.

B. for the sake of aesthetics

C. Try to avoid the unsafe factors caused by flat mirror imaging.

D. stop the windshield from breaking

7. There is a magical glass called "Seven Fairies". You can't see anything when the cup is empty. When you pour the wine, the bottom of the cup immediately presents a vivid fairy picture. The following discussion about the reasons for the formation of the immortal figure is correct ()

A. it may be that wine has chemical development function.

B. It may be the liquid level reflection of the wine, and an enlarged image appears in the wine.

C. it may be that the picture is enlarged at the focus of the convex lens at the bottom of the cup.

D. It may be that the focal length of the convex lens at the bottom of the cup becomes larger after drinking, so that the picture becomes an enlarged virtual image within twice the focal length.

8. As shown in the figure, a flat mirror is placed obliquely on a horizontal desktop, and a small ball rolls towards the mirror on the desktop. To make the image of the ball fall vertically in the plane mirror, the angle α between the mirror and the desktop should be: ()

A, B, 45 degrees Celsius, 60 days, 90 days

9. Li Hua kept the position of convex lens unchanged when doing experiments to study convex lens imaging. As shown in the figure, the candlelight is located at four o'clock after AD, and the position of high-speed screen is set separately. After the experiment, he summed up the following conclusions, of which the wrong conclusion is ()

A. When the candle flame is at point A, the real image on the screen is the smallest.

B. When the candle flame is at point D, an enlarged real image appears on the screen.

C when the candle flame is at point a, a reduced real image appears on the screen.

D. When the candle flame is located at point C, the real image on the screen is the largest.

10. A classmate did the experiment of "studying the factors affecting evaporation rate". He drops a drop of water on two identical pieces of glass and operates according to the scene shown in the picture. Therefore, this student is studying whether the evaporation rate is related to ().

A. the temperature of water is related to B. the surface area of water is related to B.

C. the speed of air on the water surface is related to d, and the height of water is related to d.

Two. Fill in the blanks: (29 points)

1. In ancient times, because the cause of solar eclipse could not be explained, people thought that solar eclipse was an ominous omen. Now we can use _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to explain the cause of the solar eclipse. As shown below, there are table tennis, football and large incandescent lamps. Please replace the corresponding planets with three objects, design an experiment about the cause of solar eclipse, and fill in the answers on the horizontal line according to the positions of the three stars.

At the railway station, you can usually see the train timetable. According to the T 14 train schedule, the running time of the train from Bengbu to Jinan is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ km/h _ _ _ _ _ min, and the average speed in this process is about _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ km/h (the result is rounded off).

Arrival time, driving time and mileage/km.

Shanghai ... 18: 00 0

Bengbu 22: 07 22: 15484

Jinan 03: 04 03: 12 966

08: 00 Beijing time ...1463

3. In order to form the effect of smoke on the stage, dry ice (solid CO2) should be released outward. Because dry ice needs _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. On a very cold winter night, there will be ice flowers on the window glass, which is formed by the water vapor in the room (fill in "inside" or "outside").

4. The photosynthesis of plants is to convert energy into energy; When the solar cell on the satellite works, it converts energy into energy; Most of the energy on the earth comes from energy.

5. As shown on the right, at the bottom of the opaque container, A is the laser light source, which can hit the side wall when it does not reach the water surface, forming a light spot at point B; When the container is filled with water to C D, the bright spot will move to B; When water is added to the E.F., the bright spot will move to point B. (Select "Above", "Below" or "In Same Location")

6. There is a "safety eye" on the door of some residential buildings, which is actually a small round glass sheet. When people in the room approach it, they can clearly see the tourists outside. The picture shows the door of the hole (OP). You will choose one of the given three small round glass sheets and install them in the hole. The observation range after installing some glass plates will be.

7. As shown in the figure, a beam of light AO shines on the calm water at an angle of 30 with the horizontal plane. After reflection, the reflection angle is _ _ _ 60 and the refraction angle is _ _ _ 60. The propagation speed of refracted light is _ _ _ _ 3x108m/s (fill in "greater than", "equal to" or "less than").

8. Li Ming is studying in a rural middle school. There is only one bucket in the school. In order to keep warm in winter, the bucket is wrapped with a quilt. However, the boiling water poured in the morning becomes cold in the afternoon. One morning, when Li Ming saw Xiaohua filling boiling water with aluminum alloy lunch box, the hot lunch box was not hot because it was only covered with a layer of foam plastic ... Can you ask a question according to this situation? _________________________________

9. Dad and Fangfang are playing at the seaside, and Dad raises his wet arm. "Fangfang, dad's arm in the east feels very cold. Can you judge the wind direction based on this? " Fangfang learned from her father's actions several times, and after thinking, she found that the wind direction at this time was because:

3. Painting problems:

1. Xiaoyu has a small physics laboratory in the attic at home (pictured). But every time he does an optical experiment, he feels very troublesome because he needs to run to a room with a skylight. Can you help him guide the sunlight to the laboratory and shoot vertically on the experimental platform? Please draw a light path diagram, draw a normal line and mark the direction of light with arrows. (2 points)

2. Draw a plane mirror at a proper position in the picture as shown in the figure, and supplement the appropriate light, so that the student can see the objects outside through the periscope. (2 points)

3. Draw different optical elements at appropriate positions in the following figure to make the light propagation meet the requirements of the diagram. (3 points)

4. Reading inquiry: (6 points)

1. When an object is released from a height, it freely moves vertically downward under the action of gravity. This movement is called free fall. Of course, real free fall can only happen in a space without air. In daily life, due to the small air resistance, we can also regard the free fall of objects in daily life as a free fall. In order to study the relationship between motion speed and motion time in the process of falling objects, Xiao Ming made a set of experiments with a small ball and got the following data:

Exercise time t/s 1 2 3 …

Motion speed v/m.s- 1 10 20 30 …

Based on the above data, what conclusion can you draw?

2. To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the human conquest of Mount Everest on May 29th, 1953, 22 expeditions from all over the world gathered in Tibet, China, on the north side of the Himalayas in May 2003, and once again held mountaineering expeditions. CCTV reports the whole process, and broadcasts it live for half an hour at noon every day. The students are very interested in this mountaineering expedition and watch the live broadcast of CCTV carefully every day. In the process of watching, careful Xiaoming found that climbers always advance silently when climbing mountains. He felt very strange: talking and laughing while climbing the mountain, singing and shouting at each other, isn't it a good way to reduce fatigue and be more conducive to climbing the mountain? Can you solve Xiaoming's problem?

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Experimental question: (2 1 minute)

1. A classmate made several operations with two convex lenses with different focal lengths, and accurately recorded the experimental data in the following two tables.

Focal length/cm object distance/cm image distance/cm inverted image

14 20 47 handstand

14 30 26 handstand

14 40 22 handstand

14 60 18 handstand

Focal length/cm object distance/cm image distance/cm inverted image

16 20 80 handstand

16 30 34 handstand

16 40 27 handstand

16 60 22 handstand

Please analyze the above data and fill in the conclusions you can draw on the line (at least write two points)

Conclusion 1: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Conclusion 2: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

2. All gases can be liquefied, but each gas has a specific temperature. Above this temperature, no matter how compressed the volume is, the gas will not liquefy. This temperature is called critical temperature. Critical temperature is the highest temperature at which a substance appears in liquid form. The critical temperatures of various substances are different, some of which are higher than normal temperature. For example, the critical temperature of water is 374℃ and the critical temperature of alcohol is 234℃, so it usually appears in liquid form at normal temperature. Some are lower than normal temperature, such as-1 19℃ for oxygen and -240℃ for hydrogen, so we usually think that they are gaseous. According to the above knowledge:

(1) The methods to liquefy gases include lowering the temperature and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, but for some gases, only _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

(2) When the mixture of oxygen and hydrogen is separated by cooling and liquefaction, the first liquefaction will be _ _ _ _.

(3) The boiling point of oxygen is-183℃, that of nitrogen is-196℃, and that of helium is -268.9℃. These gases are extracted with liquefied air. When the temperature rises, the liquid air boils, and the first thing separated is ().

A. oxygen B. nitrogen C. helium D. separated at the same time

3. When studying flat mirror imaging, Xiao Ming puts a lighted candle in front of a thin glass plate on a horizontal desktop, and then puts another unlit candle with the same size on the desktop behind it and moves it to make it coincide with the image of the lighted candle in the glass plate. During the operation, Xiao Ming found that the candle at the back could not coincide with the image no matter how it was adjusted. The reason may be _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. After adjustment, he found the position of the image, and found that the distance from the image to the mirror and the distance from the lighted candle to the glass plate were _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Put the image on a white paper, and there is no candle image on the white paper, which means that the plane mirror image is _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

4. As shown in the figure, A is a beaker filled with water, and test tube B is directly inserted into the water in container A (the test tube does not touch the bottom). After beaker A was heated continuously with alcohol lamp, it was found that the liquid in test tube B was boiling. According to the boiling point of the substance given in the table below at 1 standard atmospheric pressure, it can be judged that the liquid in test tube B must be:

Boiling points of several substances (1 standard atmospheric pressure)

Boiling point of matter (℃) Boiling point of matter (℃)

Water 100 glycerol 290

Kerosene 150 alcohol 78

Under the scorching sun, Xiaoming and several classmates went to the seaside to play and have a barbecue. When they lit the fire, they found that they had forgotten to bring matches. They only have rope, glass, magnifying glass, mirror, paper and other items in their bags. Please help them think about what equipment they can choose and how to ignite, and briefly explain the reasons.

Calculation and application of intransitive verbs: (27 points)

1. Someone took a taxi and drove at a constant speed on a straight highway. As shown in the picture, it is the fare invoice when he arrived at his destination by car.

(1) taxi travel time;

(2) The average speed of taxis;

(3) The starting price of taxis in this city.

2. In the final of 100m sports meeting, the students measured the time it took the athletes to reach the place 20 m away from the starting point and 100m, among which the time in Liu Xiaolei was 3.4s and 12.4s, and that in Zhou Dawei was 3.6s and12.8s. Please calculate that the two athletes were 0-20m and 0-20m respectively. The data in the table is the average speed of athletes in each trip.

3. The flight speed of supersonic aircraft is usually expressed by Mach number, which refers to the multiple of the speed of sound. The Mach number of supersonic aircraft is 2.5, so what is its flight speed m/s? If the distance from Guangzhou to Beijing is 1700km, how long does it take for this plane to fly from Guangzhou to Beijing?

4. When studying the utilization of solar energy, Xiao Qiang wants to explore through experiments: which is the greater absorption capacity of black objects or white objects for solar radiation energy? His guess is that black objects can absorb more solar radiation energy than white objects.

(1) Please give an example from your life to support (or oppose) his conjecture.

(2) Please design an experimental scheme to prove (or deny) his conjecture, and write out the experimental equipment and steps.

Reference answer

First, multiple-choice questions:

1.A2.C (Note: the object shown in Figure A is at rest; The object shown in Figure B is accelerating; The object shown in Figure D is decelerating. ) 3.a (Comment: Note: When each bottle is struck with a thin stick, the tone is different when it is blown with the mouth. Blowing with the mouth is the vibration of the air column. The longer the air column is, the lower its frequency is. Knocking on the glass with a stick is the vibration of the glass. The less water, the higher the vibration frequency of glass. )4.B 5。 D 6。 C 7。 D 8。 B 9。 A 10。 A

2. Fill in the blanks:

1. Linear propagation of light; Table tennis, the moon, football, the earth; 2、4h49min 100; 3. Sublimation, liquefaction, sublimation, internalization and sublimation; 4, light, chemistry, light, electricity, the sun; 5. Below, in the same place; When the water surface is in CD, the light deflects, and the refraction angle is greater than the incident angle; When the water surface reaches EF, the light travels in the water without deflection, so it is still in its original place. 6, a, increase; 7、=、