What are the characteristics of plant grafting? What is the performance after grafting?

Characteristics and manifestations of grafting:

Grafting refers to cutting off a part of branches or leaves of a plant and grafting it on another plant to make it a new plant. Branches or buds on cut plants are called scions, and grafted plants are called rootstocks.

Advantages of grafting The growth, development, flowering and fruiting of grafted plants can keep the original varieties unchanged. Grafted seedlings grow and develop faster than cuttings and seedlings. Enhance the ability to adapt to adverse environment. Plants are very resistant to pests and diseases.

The difficulty of grafting survival In terms of plant taxonomy, the closer the genetic relationship is, the easier it is to graft, which is caused by the different plant tissue structure.

The survival of grafting depends on the healing degree of callus formed between rootstock and scion cutting surface. After grafting, the callus on the cutting surface of rootstock and panicle forms quickly, and the plants with large callus formation are easy to survive, otherwise it is difficult to survive.

Grafting survival means that the cambium of each section of rootstock and scion is closely connected, and both sections differentiate into callus, which is the plant's own regeneration ability.

The well-developed calli are combined to fill the gap, and the nutrients absorbed by the rootstock are transported to the scion through the calli. In the process of callus formation, scions germinate and begin to grow.

Of course, the difficulty of grafting survival was also influenced by the shapes of rootstocks and scions at that time, external factors and operating techniques.

Grafting affinity Grafting affinity refers to the long-term normal growth and development from seedlings to trees after grafting survival.

If the graft survives, the tree will gradually weaken and die, or the grafted part will be easily blown off by the wind. , it will be considered incompatible.

Some incompatibility phenomena are dwarfing trees, yellow leaves, thick and thin interfaces or thin and thick tops. But from the cultivation point of view, if the tree can develop normally after these phenomena, it can be used for garden cultivation or potted plants.

Selection of rootstocks Different kinds of flowers and trees use different rootstocks.

For example, roses can be used as rootstocks; Peach or all kinds of peaches can be used as rootstocks, such as Shouxing Peach, Shan Tao Peach and Maotao Peach. Osmanthus fragrans can use Ligustrum lucidum as rootstock; Plum blossom can use peach, apricot or plum as rootstock; Mao Dujuan can be used as rootstock for rhododendron. Cherry blossoms can be used as rootstocks; Magnolia can be used as rootstock; Camellia can use wild camellia as rootstock; Chimonanthus praecox can be used as rootstock; Papaya can be used as the rootstock of sessile begonia.

Some flowers and trees seeds must be preserved in low humidity sand before germination to break the dormancy period, such as rose, rose, begonia, peach, plum, elm plum, begonia fruit, Vitex negundo, longevity peach, cherry and so on. Low-humidity sand storage treatment is to wash the harvested seeds and dry them in the shade, bury a layer of wet sand and a layer of seeds or a combination of wet sand and seeds in a flowerpot, and put the flowerpot in a cold room at 0 ~ 5℃. Prepare the sand storage time in advance according to the sowing date.

Grafting technology: Generally, the grafting time is better when the terminal bud just begins to sprout in early spring.

Scion is an annual plump branch left after pruning last autumn, which is cut into 6 ~ 10 cm long segments with at least 2 plump buds on each segment.

In order to keep moisture, scissors are often cut with paraffin. When grafting, the scion is cut into two symmetrical inclined planes with different sizes, one is 1.5 ~ 2.0 cm long and the other is 0.8 ~ 1.0 cm long.

The cut surface must be smooth, and it is best to cut it with one knife. At the same time, cut off the rootstock at about 20 cm on the natural ground, and cut a crack on the north side of the rootstock section with a depth of 2.0 ~ 2.4 cm.

Then insert the long section of the scion inward into the incision of the rootstock.

The cambium on one side must be aligned with the cambium on one side of the rhizome. If the thickness of rootstock and scion is similar, it is best to align the cambium on both sides.

It's best to tie it with plastic strips. It is best to tie the grafting place with a small plastic bag to prevent water evaporation.