Where are the starting and ending points of the Ming Great Wall?

The starting point of the Ming Great Wall is Shanhaiguan and the end point is Jiayuguan.

The Great Wall of Ming Dynasty refers to the military defense project in the northern part of Ming Dynasty, which has been included in the world cultural heritage list, national AAAAA-level tourist attractions and world key cultural relics protection units. The Great Wall of Ming Dynasty is a military defense project built in the northern mountainous area of Ming Dynasty, also known as the side wall. The Great Wall starts from Yalu River in the east and ends at Jiayuguan in the west (it has been called Shanhaiguan in the east and Jiayuguan in the west since the Qing Dynasty).

The materials used in Ming Great Wall are similar to those used in Qin Changcheng, but different from those used in Han Great Wall and Sui Great Wall. After nearly two years of survey and measurement in National Cultural Heritage Administration and the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping. On April 18, 2009, the data of Ming Great Wall was released for the first time: it started from Hushan, Liaoning, along the Yalu River in the east, ended in Juyongguan, Beijing in the west, and was built at the eastern foot of Qilian Mountain to Jiayuguan, Gansu.

Among them, the length of artificial wall is 6259.6 kilometers; The trench is 359.7 kilometers long; The natural barrier is 2232.4 kilometers long. The wall of the eastern danger zone is made of stone and blue bricks, which is very strong. Together with the pyramids in Egypt, Borobudur in Indonesia and Angkor Wat in Cambodia, it is called the "Four Wonders of the East".

Architectural background:

After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, the Jurchen nationality rose again in the northeast, constantly threatening the security of the border. In order to consolidate the border defense in the north, the construction of the Great Wall almost never stopped during the 200 years of Ming Dynasty. The construction process of the Great Wall in Ming Dynasty can be roughly divided into three stages: the restoration of the Great Wall in the early Ming Dynasty (1368 ~ 1447).

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the country was strong. Ming Taizu Hongwu five years (1372), sent150,000 troops to attack Mobei. The west road opens the Hexi corridor, and Ganzhou and Zhuanglang are forbidden to defend. In the twentieth year of Hongwu (1387), generals Sheng Feng and Aquamarine ran northeast and pushed the border to the west of Daxing 'anling. After Ming Taizu Judy ascended the throne, the eight to twenty-two years of Yongle (14 10 ~ 1424) was 15 years.

He sent troops five times and went deep into Mobei, forcing Vara and Tatar to accept the Ming Dynasty knighthood respectively. The northern border defense line of the Ming Dynasty extended to Daxinganling, Yinshan and Helan Mountains.

The Great Wall project in the early Ming Dynasty was mainly based on the Great Wall of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Northern Qi Dynasty and the Sui Dynasty. "The walls are steep and deep, and the peaks are connected." "Smoke mounds are built thick everywhere, with May grain and firewood crossbows stored on them, and a well is opened next to the pier ...", "From Chang 'anling (now Xuanhua) to Ximalin (now Tianzhen, Shanxi), build stone walls and dig deep ditches" (Ming Yao Hui, volume 63, Frontier Defense).

That is, smoke piers, beacon towers, forts and trenches were built, and earth walls were changed into stone walls in some areas. The focus of this renovation is the Great Wall from northwest Beijing to Datong, Shanxi, and the border from Shanhaiguan to Juyongguan.

In the middle of Ming Dynasty (1448 ~ 1566), the Great Wall was built on a large scale for a long time. After the "Civil Rebellion", Vara and Tatar constantly attacked the border and plundered it, forcing the Ming Dynasty to take the construction of the Great Wall in the north and more piers as a top priority. The following Great Wall towns were built more than 100 years ago.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ming Great Wall