The origin and customs of three festivals

There are more than three festivals on the eighth day of the second lunar month every year, which is called "ode to more than three" in Naxi language. It originated from Beiyue Temple Fair in Yulong Village, Baisha. It is a legal national festival of Naxi people, a traditional festival of Naxi people, and a grand festival for Naxi people to sacrifice their greatest protector.

Origin: "Sanduo" is the main god of Naxi nationality and the highest protector. Legend has it that the god of war, riding a white horse, wearing white armor, wearing a white helmet and holding a white spear, often shows his holiness and protects the safety of the Naxi people. In the Tang Dynasty, he built a shrine to worship, which was deeply believed by Naxi people. People also think that "Sanduo" is the embodiment of Yulong Snow Mountain. Sanduo is the god of war worshipped by Naxi people and the protector of Naxi people. There are three legends about the Three Gods.

First of all, there is a hunter (said to be Mai Cong, the ancestor of Mu Tusi in the chronicle of Lijiang area), who often haunts the forest at the foot of Yulong Mountain with hunting dogs and bows and arrows. One day, he suddenly saw a snow-white roe deer coming down from the green forest. He pulled the bow and arrow, but he didn't shoot it. In a short time, the roe deer turned into a shining white stone. Surprised, the hunter took this magical white stone down the mountain and began to float like a cloud. Later, he was as heavy as lead and walked on his back. When he arrived at Beiyue Temple, he was too heavy to walk, so he rested there. I didn't expect that strange stone seemed to have a root and couldn't move at all. This story seems to have wings and spread everywhere among the Naxi people at the foot of Yulong Mountain. It is said that the white stone was changed by God, so Sanduo (Beiyue) Temple was built there, and the statue of Wei Wu was carved, and it was respectfully called "Apu Sanduo". On the eighth day of February every year, sacrificial sheep and their offerings are offered, and incense is burned to worship the great god in your heart. Since then, Naxi people often go to war or resist invading enemies. When the enemy is strong and we are weak, it is common for more than three gods to ride tall white horses, wear white helmets and armor, and hold sharp weapons, leading military horses to cheer and help. At that time, Naxi soldiers were full of confidence, repelling the enemy's attacks again and again and winning again and again.

Secondly, in Naxi symphony, Naxi tribe won the war between Naxi tribe and Beng tribe, because Sanduo came up with a clever plan: let Beng tribe chief who came to attack Naxi tribe chief order his soldiers to spend the night by Baishui river first, so that they can eat meat and drink well, and let everyone be full of energy on the battlefield tomorrow. When cooking large pieces of meat, let the cook dry the soup before the soldiers eat it. The soldiers cut the cooked, soaked and sticky meat piece by piece with combat knives, which was particularly delicious. After they were full of meat and wine, they inserted the combat knives into the scabbard one by one. The next day, soldiers led by the chief of Beng tribe were suddenly ambushed by Naxi tribe soldiers when Beng (Baisha) collapsed. The collapsed soldiers tried to wield swords against the enemy, but they couldn't pull out their swords one by one-they were firmly stuck in the scabbard with meat glue, and the tribe collapsed. The chief died unexpectedly and his face was covered with blood-this is called "think twice" in Naxi language.

Third, it is said that the three brothers moved from the west of Lijiang. The eldest brother lives in Prince Cave on the west slope of Yulong Snow Mountain, and the second brother lives in another mountain. Old three and more, once lived on the cliff on the west slope of Yulong Snow Mountain. He wore white armor, a white helmet, a white spear and a white horse. He once said to a king, "If you give me three wild animals every day, you will enjoy great happiness." The king complied, but he didn't see Dafu for a long time. The queen complained that all the livestock had been sacrificed. Where is Fubao? Sanduo appeared and said, "I want half the world to respect you as king." Why do you blame me privately? I'm going back to Yulong Snow Mountain, and I'll return my offering to you twice. " After that, all the livestock and coins offered by the king were returned, which was 10 times more than the original, but the kingdom was weakening day by day. Sanduo also gave Mai Cong, the leader of Naxi nationality in Lijiang, a dream and said, "Mai Cong, I am Sanduo, and I am from the north to help you fight. You are an upright southerner and have the desire to make your kingdom happy. Don't be half-hearted! " Then it turned into a white musk deer and disappeared. From then on, every time Mai Cong went to the battlefield, he always saw a white brave who would help him out in the future. After winning the battle, the wind blew hard and he couldn't see anything. Usually Sanduo secretly helps Mai Cong. When Mai Cong was hunting, a white musk deer often appeared in Yulong Mountain, but he couldn't catch it. One day, his hounds surrounded a huge white rock and people lifted it. The stone is as light as paper, but it is too heavy to lift halfway up the mountain. The hunters offered rice and prayed that it would become lighter. As a result, it became so light that it was impossible to carry it to the place where Sanduo Temple was built at the foot of the mountain. Kublai Khan conquered Dali in the south, and the Naxi people fought together and won with the help of more than three gods. Therefore, Kublai Khan named Sanduo "The Great Sage Snow Stone sets the country and the world at peace". During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the wooden chieftain of Naxi nationality also made great efforts to rebuild Sanduo Temple, casting cauldrons and clocks, and listing various holy places in detail. Over time, Sanduo has become the invincible god of war in the hearts of Naxi people, sheltering the patron saint of happiness and prosperity at the foot of Yulong Mountain. Therefore, every year on the eighth day of February, we should prepare rich sacrifices and go to Beiyue Temple to worship Sanduo, pray for Sanduo and be grateful for Sanduo.

Custom characteristics: It is said that because Sanduo belongs to sheep, people will worship Sanduo every year on February and August of the lunar calendar, of which February is the most grand and full of incense, ranking first among all local temples. At the same time, there are activities such as dinner and singing, which are very lively. The poem says, "Every spring and February, every household wishes more than three.". It has been decided by the Standing Committee of the Eighth People's Congress of Lijiang County on August 29th 1986 that the eighth day of the second lunar month is the legal traditional festival of Naxi people. The annual Sanduo Festival is the birthday of Sanduo, the protector of Naxi people, and also the birthday of all Naxi people. Every year on the eighth day of the second lunar month, Naxi people in Lijiang, dressed in festive national costumes, gather in Beiyue Temple from all directions from Pingba in the mountains, offer fragrant wine and fat, burn strong fragrance, bow down and kowtow, and make religious sacrifices, hoping that the three gods will bless the Naxi people's happiness, prosperity and prosperity.

Then, under the trees and streams around the temple, smoke curled up and we gathered for a picnic. On the ground in front of the ancient temple, I sang and danced day and night, enjoying myself. Lijiang in February is sunny, full of spring, pink and white, and cauliflower is light yellow. Under the Yulong Snow Mountain, there are countless flowers, which is a good time for Lijiang to go for a spring outing. Therefore, in addition to sacrificial activities, people will have picnics, hold horse races, duets and dance competitions, and go to Yufeng Temple not far from Beiyue Temple to watch the famous "Ten Thousand Camellia" in full bloom. Since 1983, Sanduo Festival has not only become the biggest festival for Naxi people in Lijiang, but also a festival for Naxi compatriots in Beijing, Kunming and Sichuan to get together. Everyone used songs, costumes, paintings and other forms full of Naxi national characteristics to show the profound national cultural heritage of Naxi people, * * * shared the memory of Sanduo, and showed the strong cohesion and beautiful scenery of Naxi people.