Read the poem Jia Xu and briefly talk about the theme it wants to express.

The theme of the expression is: this poem just shows the lyric hero's persistent pursuit of beautiful love and his melancholy mood. The spirit is precious and the feelings are sincere, but the result is slim and the situation is sad.

Feng Jiajian in Qin Dynasty is one of the Book of Songs, a collection of China's ancient realistic poems.

Excerpt from the original:

The Millennium is frost. The so-called Iraqis are on the water side. Tracing back and forth, the road is blocked and long. Swim back from it, in the middle of the water

It's been a long time, and it hasn't changed for thousands of years. The so-called Iraqis are in the water. Tracing back and forth from it, the road is blocked and broken. Swim back from the inside and swim in the water.

Translation:

Large areas of reeds are green, and the morning dew is frosted. I miss my sweetheart. Standing on the other side of the river Go against the current to pursue her (him), and the road to follow her (him) is dangerous and long. Looking downstream, she (he) seems to be in the middle of the river.

A large area of reeds is sad, and the dew in the morning has not dried. I miss my sweetheart. She (he) is across the river. Pursuing her (him) against the current is bumpy and difficult. Down the river, she (he) seems to be in a small continent in the water.

There are three chapters, each with eight sentences. This poem was once regarded as a mockery of Qin Xianggong's failure to consolidate the country with Zhou Li, or as a pity for its failure to attract hermits and sages; Now it is generally believed that this is a love song, which is about the melancholy and depression when you pursue what you love but can't get what you love.

The whole poem consists of three chapters, and the last two chapters are only slightly changed compared with the first chapter, which has formed the effect of harmonious internal rhythm and uneven rhythm between chapters, and also caused the reciprocating advancement of semantics.

This poem was once regarded as a satire on Qin Xianggong's failure to consolidate the country with Zhou Li, or as a pity to attract hermits and saints. But unlike most poems in The Book of Songs, the content is often more specific. There are no specific events and scenes in this poem, and even the gender of "Iraqis" is difficult to identify.

The above two understandings may be based at the beginning, but these bases have not survived or are not convincing enough, so their conclusions are questionable. Interpreters of the Book of Songs in past dynasties often pursue deeper, but what they get is the opposite result. Besides, "all history is contemporary history", and the interpretation of the text is also contemporary. Most modern scholars think it is a love poem.

The emptiness of poetry brings trouble to interpretation, but it also expands the inclusive space of its connotation. When readers touch what is hidden behind the object of description, they will feel that the images in this poem are not only used by poets to sing, but also contain some symbolic meanings.

"On the Water Side" is a symbol of admiration, which is described in detail in Qian Zhongshu's "Pipe Tapes". "Going back", "going back", "the road is blocked and long" and "everything is in the middle of the water" are just symbols of the difficulty and uncertainty of repeated pursuit.

The poet searched up and down, but Iraqis were faintly visible but still out of reach. In The Romance of the West Chamber, Yingying was unable to combine with Pujiu Temple because of her mother's restraint, and lamented that "people are far apart", and the poets in Qin Feng Jiajian may feel the same way.

It seems that the poet's pursuit will be successful, but it is still a mirage. There is a story in ancient Greek mythology that King Tantalus was punished for boasting that he had committed a crime-enduring eternal thirst and hunger. He stood in the big lake, the water was as deep as his chin, there were fruit trees by the lake, and many fruits hung on his head.

However, when he was thirsty and bowed his head to drink water, the lake receded; When he was hungry and reached for the fruit, the branches swung open, and the beautiful spring fruit was always within his reach. The proximity of the goal makes failure more painful and regrettable. The most unacceptable failure is the failure that is only one step away from success.

The symbol of poetry is not the use of symbolic figures of speech or skills in a word or sentence, but the overall symbol of artistic conception. "Being on the water side" is a common situation in life, so is the dilemma of "going back, the road is blocked and long" and the illusion of "going back, the water is in the middle".

People may often be excited by pursuit. The baptism of a complete emotional flow, from blocked troubles to lost melancholy, is more likely to be often affected by how painful it is to go upstream or how happy it is to go downstream.

Readers can think of the situation of love and the experience of arousing love from here, and also think of their ideals, careers, future situations and arouse many life experiences from here. The overall symbol of artistic conception really has an inexhaustible philosophical significance of life.