Zhao ya, let's talk.

China, one of the four sons in the Warring States period, was the minister of the imperial clan of Qi. That is Tian Wen. Tian Wen's father, Jing Tianying, is the youngest son and an ordinary brother. For attacking his father Tian Ying's title, he was named Xue (now southeast of Tengzhou, Shandong Province), with the name and number. When he was in Xue, he recruited more than 3000 guests. Zhao Haoqi of Qin heard about Meng Changjun's virtue and wanted to see Meng Changjun. After Meng Changjun entered the Qin Dynasty, he was appointed Prime Minister. Later, Zhao Haoqi of Qin listened to rumors, imprisoned Meng Changjun and planned to kill him. Meng Changjun fled back to Qi with the help of public servants. After Meng Changjun returned to Qi, he was appointed as Qi Xianggong. He insisted on uniting the Han and Wei Dynasties to contain Chu State and developing the forces of uniting against Qin. Later, he was falsely accused and suspected by the king of Qi, so he treated Xie Xue. Later, because the increasingly arrogant King of Qi still wanted to get rid of him, he had to flee to Wei again and was appointed as Wei Xiang by King Zhao of Wei. He advocated uniting Qin, Zhao and Yan, and * * * marched eastward to Qi, which changed the situation in the Warring States period. After the death of the King of Qi, Meng Changjun returned to China and remained neutral among the vassal states. Wang Anshi wrote an article.

The full text is as follows

Read the biography of Meng Changjun.

People all say that they can learn from others, so the wise men attached themselves to him, and finally escaped from the fierce state of Qin with their strength.

Wow, the cock crow and the dog thief in Meng Changjun are male ears, which is enough to explain the problem! Otherwise, if you are good at neatness, you will get one.

Scholars, it is desirable to control Qin in the south, but why should we take advantage of it? It's outside the door, and this.

The reason why scholars don't come is also.

Wuqi (440 ~ 38 BC1):

Left (now Dingtao County, Shandong Province) people. When I was young, I studied under Zeng Shen, a disciple of Confucius. At the beginning, he was a general of Lu. In 4 12 BC, the Qi army attacked the state of Lu, and Wuqi led the Lu army to the front (in order to get this chance of meritorious service, he killed his wife, which is the so-called "killing his wife for help"). He did not immediately go to war with the Qi army and expressed his willingness to negotiate with the Qi army. He first showed weakness to the other messenger, paralyzed the Qi soldiers with the old and weak soldiers stationed there, and then took them by surprise. The Qi army fought hard and suffered a crushing defeat. After the war, the monarch of Lu was influenced by slanderers and was very suspicious of him. Since Wuqi, he became a general of Wei, and was appointed as the garrison commander of Xihe River by Wei Wenhou Weiss, a British monarch, to resist Qin and Korea. In 409 BC, Wu Qi first built a city in Shaoliang, Hexi, as a forward base, and then led the army to capture Linjin and Yuanli in Hexi area of Qin State, and built these two cities. The following year, he attacked Qin and Zheng, built and consolidated Yang, occupied Hexi area of Qin State, and set Xihe County as the chief of Xihe County. During this period, he fought 76 wars with the princes and won 64. The rest are all tied, breaking through on all sides and expanding thousands of miles. Especially in the battle of Yin and Jin Dynasties in 389 BC, Wuqi inspired soldiers and defeated them with 50,000 Wei Jun. This was a famous battle in the history of China War, which made Wei a powerful vassal state in the early Warring States period. During the period when Wuqi was guarding the Xihe River, he emphasized that there were not many soldiers but "rule", and initiated the method of selecting foot soldiers: anyone who could wear full armor, hold a crossbow with 12 stone (about 30 kilograms per stone today), carry 50 arrows on his back, carry food on his back for three days, and run for 100 miles for half a day could be selected as a "foot soldier". Wu Qi ruled the army, advocating severe punishment and clear reward, and teaching precepts first. He believes that if the law is unclear and rewards and punishments are not believed, the million-strong army will be useless. He once beheaded a soldier who attacked the enemy without being ordered to show his laws. When Wu Qi was a general, he shared his clothes and food with the foot soldiers at the bottom. Sleep without mats, March without horses, carry dry food in person, and work hard with foot soldiers. One of the foot soldiers had a sore, and Wu Qi sucked pus for him with his mouth. The mother of the foot soldiers burst into tears when she learned about it. Others said, "Your son is a foot soldier, and the general himself sucks sores and pus for him. Why are you crying? " Mother said, "That's not true. A few years ago, Wu Gong used to suck sores and pus for his father, who fought bravely and died. Now martial arts is sucking sores and pus for my son. I don't know where he will die again, so I cried. " After the death of Wei Wenhou Weiss, Wuqi was framed by Prime Minister Uncle Cuo and Doctor Wang Cuo, and was forced to go to Chu in 383 BC. Wanshou was appointed first, and one year later he was promoted to Yin, who was in charge of military and political affairs and presided over the political reform. In view of the accumulated disadvantages of Chu State, Wuqi deprived the old aristocrats of their political and economic privileges, cut down redundant staff and funds, and used them to select and train troops to enrich Qiang Bing. In just one year, the poor and weak Chu became strong and settled in the south. The annexation of northern Cai repelled the expansion of Korea, Zhao and Wei; To conquer the state of Qin to the west, the soldiers will be strong on all sides. BC38 1, the funeral of King Chuxiong, and the old aristocrats who opposed the reform pursued Wuqi. He had nowhere to run, so he lay on the body of the king of Chu, shot by the nobles, and the body split. When the new king was investigated for offending the former king's body after he ascended the throne, more than 70 nobles who participated in the incident were beheaded by his peers (Wu Qizhi's wisdom before his death can be said to be incredible). Woods has a book (48 pieces of Wuqi in Han Shu Literature and Art), but it has been lost. According to textual research, the existing version should be written by Han people. According to the description of the true degree of war in Zuo Zhuan, some people tend to praise the ancient king of Wei Chu and despise the nobles of Chu, suggesting that Zuo Zhuan is also the work of Wu Qi. If so, he is a strategist, politician and historian. Praise: Liao Wei said that Wuqi "raised 70,000 people, which is beyond the reach of the world", which is really flattering. When future generations say that they are famous, they must compare with "Sun Wu". Whenever Wu becomes a country, as long as the monarch can use it, it will certainly make the country strong. The system he established in Wei made Wei the number one superpower in the early Warring States period. After entering Chu, he was able to make Chu strong again in a short time through reform, and his political talent was no less than his military talent, so he should not be regarded as a strategist. Later Confucian scholars often criticized his character and regarded his ending as the basis for not being reformed. Although these Confucian scholars have virtue (only in theory), what can they do except shameful surrender and meaningless suicide when the country is in danger?

Sun Bin (about 380 ~ 320)

An outstanding strategist in the mid-Warring States period. A man between Qi and A Jiang. Descendants of Sun Wu. I once studied Sun Tzu's Art of War with Pang Juan. I have studied the art of war of Sun Wu and General Jin Xun and Sun Fu. Pang Juan, a general, was jealous of Sun Bin's talent and tricked him into Wei. He was beaten (his kneecap was cut) and named him Sun Bin. Later, he was secretly brought back by the emissary of Qi, and was recommended by Tian Ji to be a military adviser in Qi Weiwang. In the first 353 years, the state besieged Wei to save Zhao and won a great victory in Guiling (now northwest of Henan placanticline). 34 1 years ago, he attacked Wei to save Korea, defeated Wei Jun in Maling (now southwest of Fanxian County, Henan Province), captured Prince Shen and Pang Juan committed suicide. Advocate "victory is strong, so the world is smooth." His works include Sun Bin's The Art of War.

Tian Ji

The year of birth and death is unknown, the name of the field is taboo, the date of the word, and the number of thoughts are sealed in Xuzhou (now south of tengxian, Shandong), so it is also called Xuzhou. Famous soldiers of Qi State in the early Warring States Period.

As a general of Tian Ji family, Tian Ji appreciated Sun Bin's military strategy very much, recommended Sun Bin to Qi Weiwang, and appointed Sun Bin as his military adviser. Tian Ji commanded two famous battles with the advice and assistance of Sun Bin.

One is the battle of Guiling. In the fourth year of Qi Weiwang (353 BC), Handan of Zhao was besieged, and Zhao turned to Qi for help. He thought that Wei had been struggling for more than a year at the gates of Handan, exhausted, and the time was ripe for sending troops, so he appointed Tian Ji as the general commander and Sun Bin as the strategist, and led 80,000 troops to save Zhao. Tian Ji originally planned to directly attack the main force of Wei, and then adopted Sun Bin's operational policy of "besieging Wei to save Zhao" and "approving Kang to play tricks", taking advantage of Wei's domestic defense emptiness, he went straight to the girder of Wei's capital and forced Wei Jun to attack Zhao to "release Zhao to save himself". When Wei Jun returned to the army, he intercepted it halfway. As a result, Wei Jun was defeated in Guiling (now northwest of Henan placanticline).

Once again, the battle of Maling. In 342 BC (fifteen years), Wei conquered Pang Juan, and Han asked for help. Qi Weiwang called ministers to discuss "early rescue or late rescue?" Zou Ji believes that "it is better not to save." Tian Ji believes that "it should be recovered early." Sun Bin believes that we should send troops when both Korea and Wei lose, so that North Korea can completely obey Qi and be sure to defeat it. The King of Qi adopted Sun Bin's suggestion and secretly promised to save North Korea, which relied on the help of Qi and loyal opposition Wei. After five failures, he turned to Qi for help. Both Korea and Wei lost, so Qi Weiwang seized the opportunity, appointed Tian Ji as the general commander and Sun Bin as the strategist, and led hundreds of troops to save Korea. The Qi army still attacked Liang with the tactic of "encircling Wei to save Zhao (now saving North Korea)". When Pang Juan heard that the Qi army had entered Beijing, he withdrew his siege of North Korea and returned to Li, hoping to defeat the Qi army in the girder. He also wantonly dispatched troops, with Prince Shen as the general, and led hundreds of troops to meet the division of the Qi army in an attempt to fight a decisive battle with the State of Qi. Based on the analysis of Wei Jun's pride in underestimating his enemy, Sun Bin put forward the strategy of reducing the kitchen day by day to lure Wei Jun to pursue. Tian Ji ordered the Qi army to retreat to 100,000 furnaces, reduced to 50,000 furnaces the next day, and reduced to 30,000 furnaces the third day. Pang Juan was overjoyed when he pursued for three days, thinking that the Qi army was timid, and most of the fugitives on three days were foot soldiers, so he left the infantry behind and pursued all the way with only a light and sharp soldier. Sun Bin calculated Wei Jun's itinerary and judged that he would enter Maling (now southwest of Fanxian County, Henan Province) at sunset, so he set an ambush in the narrow and dangerous place of Maling Road. Pang Juan's pursuer, as expected, entered the ambush set by the Qi army. At this time, the Qi army was imminent, and the Wei army was in chaos. Qi attacked in an all-round way, defeated Wei Jun, captured Wang Wei alive, and Pang Juan committed suicide in anger.

In this campaign, Wei suffered heavy losses and recovered, while Qi gradually became stronger.

Tian Ji was at odds with Zou Ji, and fled to Chu in the second year after the Battle of Maling, where he was sealed in the south of the Yangtze River. After Qi Xuanwang acceded to the throne, the recalled country was reinstated.

Lian Po

The year of birth and death is unknown, and he was an outstanding military general of Zhao during the Warring States Period. The main activities were in Huiwen, Zhao Haoqi (298-266 BC), Cheng Xiao, Zhao Haoqi (266-245 BC) and Daoxiang, Zhao Haoqi (245-236 BC).

At the beginning of Zhao Huiwen, Qi was the most powerful of the six eastern countries, and Qi and Qin were both powerful countries in the East and the West. When he wanted to expand his power in the East, Zhao was the first person to do so. In order to remove obstacles, the king of Qin sent troops to attack Zhao many times. Lian Po led the army of Zhao to defeat many times, forcing Qin to change its strategy and implement the alliance. In the fifty-fourth year (first 258 years), King Huiwen made peace with Zhao in Zhongyang (now west of Zhongyang County, Shanxi Province). In order to unite the divisions of Korea, Yan, Wei and Zhao against Qi, the Qi army was defeated. Among them, in the 16th year of King Huiwen (the first 283 years), Lian Po led the Zhao army to cut Qi, marched straight into Qi, captured (now Dancheng West, Shandong Province, was originally a patriotic territory, and later belonged to Qi) and became a vassal, and Ye Zhao became the first of the six countries. Lian Po moved troops back to Korea and worshipped Shang Qing (Shang Qing was the highest-ranking civil servant at that time, equivalent to the later prime minister). The State of Qin did not want to rashly attack Zhao, only because of Lian Po's power. Since then, Lian Po led the army to fight, held his ground and captured it, and almost won every battle, which had a great influence on other countries.

In the thirty-second year of Zhou Nanwang (the 16th year of Zhao Huiwen, the first 283 years), Qiang Qin was willing to exchange fifteen cities after winning the Yong Wall. Zhao sent Lin Xiangru to the State of Qin, and Lin Xiangru was just a "Scheeren" under the eunuch Miao Xianmen. After Miao Xian recommended to King Huiwen, he took the "Choi of Harmony" and became the envoy of Zhao to the State of Qin. Lin Xiangru returned to Zhao with great wisdom and courage, and won the diplomatic victory over Qin.

Later, Qin conquered Zhao and occupied Shicheng. In nineteen years, King Huiwen attacked Zhao again, killing twenty thousand troops of Zhao. At this time, the king of Qin wanted to make peace with the prince of Zhao in Mianchi (now Mianchi County, Henan Province). The prince of Zhao was afraid and didn't want to go. Lian Po and Lin Xiangru negotiated to show Zhao's strength and courage. Zhao Wang walked with Lin Xiangru, and Lian Po saw him off. He said to the prince of Zhao, "Your Majesty's visit is only thirty days. If you don't pay it back in 30 days, please ask the prince to blackmail Zhao Zhiwang by breaking Qin. " Lian Po's general demeanor and careful arrangement strengthened the image of the prince of Zhao. At the same time, because he was as humble as Mianchi when dealing with the king of Qin at the meeting, he responded to the various means used by the king of Qin without weakness, which not only saved the reputation of the king of Zhao, but also shocked the king of Qin and his ministers. Finally, Zhao Wang returned safely.

After the meeting, the prince of Zhao "made great contributions to each other and worshipped him as Shangguan", ranking above Lian Po. Lian Po was dissatisfied with Lin Xiangru's title of Shangqing, thinking that he, as a general of Zhao, had made great contributions by attacking wild cities and expanding territory, while Lin Xiangru, who was in a low position, was above me just by talking, which was intolerable. He publicly threatened to humiliate Lin Xiangru in public. After Lin Xiangru knew it, he didn't want to compete with Lian Po, but adopted a forbearing attitude. In order not to make Lian Po rank lower than himself in the imperial court, he always admitted that he was ill every time he was in the imperial court. Sometimes when Lin Xiangru goes out by car and sees Lian Po coming from a distance, he simply leads the car to avoid it. This aroused the dissatisfaction of Lin Xiangru Scheeren, and Lin Xiangru explained: "Compared with Lian Po, Lin Xiangru, the covetous king of Qin, dared to curse in court and humiliate his ministers. Will I still be afraid of Lian Po? The reason why we dare not send troops to Zhao is because Lian Po and I are both DPRK officials. If we fight with each other, it's like killing two birds with one stone. The reason why I avoided him was nothing more than putting the national crisis above personal grievances. " Upon hearing this, Lian Po was deeply moved. He chose the day when Lin Xiangru had the most guests. With thorns on his back, he came to Lin Xiangru's house with bare arms and demanded that Lin Xiangru be punished. From then on, the two became friends, life and death and * * *.

The story of "harmony but difference" was expressed by later generations in various literary forms, and its strong patriotic feelings made people cry and moved people to work hard. And Lian Po has the courage to change, sincere and frank personality, which makes people feel more amiable and lovely.

In the twentieth year of Zhao Huiwen (278 BC), Lian Po conquered an army of Qi. In the second year of Zhao Huiwen's twentieth year (276 BC), he cut Qi again and captured Jiucheng. The following year, Lian Po attacked Wei and captured Fangling (now twenty miles south of Anyang, Henan Province) and Anyang City (now forty-three miles southwest of Anyang County, Henan Province). It is precisely because of Lian's friendship with Lin that Zhao was United and devoted to serving the country that Zhao was once powerful and became a barrier for eastern governors to stop Qin from advancing eastward. /kloc-Qin dares to attack Zhao after 0/0 years.

In 266 BC, Zhao Huiwen died and became king. At this time, at the request of Fan Sui, the State of Qin adopted the strategy of "making friends with Qi and Chu", and at the same time attacked small neighboring countries. In the fifty-fifth year of Zhou Nanwang (260 BC), the State of Qin attacked Shangdang in North Korea. The south Korean defenders attending the banquet were helpless, so the satrap dedicated the banquet to Zhao. As a result, there was a war between Qin and Zhao in Shangdang area. At this time, Zhao She was dead, Lin Xiangru was seriously ill, and only Lian Po was in charge of military affairs. So, Lian Po was ordered to command two hundred thousand Zhao soldiers and keep them out of Changping (now northwest of Gaoping County, Shaanxi Province) (see the battle of Changping). At that time, Qin Jun had taken the wild king from the south (now Qinyang, Henan) and slightly joined the Party from the north (now central Shanxi), cutting off the connection between Changping and the south, and his morale was high. The Zhao army came from afar, not only at a disadvantage, but also at a passive disadvantage. Faced with this situation, Lian Po correctly adopted the operational policy of establishing base areas to hold on, consuming the enemy and attacking the enemy with cameras. He ordered Zhao to build a tight barrier by virtue of mountain hazards. Despite Qin Jun's several challenges, Lian Po always shuts the crowd out. At the same time, the people in Shangdang area were concentrated, engaged in battlefield transportation, and committed to building fortifications against Qin. Zhao heavily guarded, unable to meet the challenge, and his spirit gradually lost. In order to defeat Qin Jun's plan of a quick victory, Lian Po fought hard and persisted for three years. Seeing that a quick victory was not enough, Qin asked, convincing the prince of Zhao that Qin was most worried about replacing Lian Po with Zhao Kuo. Zhao Wang was eager to win, and finally fell into a trap. He thinks that Lian Po is afraid of war, forcing him to resign from Lian Po and use Zhao Kuo as his general. Although Lin Xiangru protested that Zhao Kuo, an armchair strategist, was not suitable for this post, the prince of Zhao did not listen and appointed Zhao Kuo as general. After Zhao Kuo replaced Lian Po, Lian Po's strategic plan was completely changed and many officers were replaced. Seeing that Zhao Kuo became a general, Qin secretly asked Wu's troops to attack Zhao. In Changping, he defeated the Zhao Kuo army, shot and killed Zhao Kuo, and trapped more than 400,000 Zhao soldiers. In the battle of Zhao Changping, Zhao lost 450,000 people.

After the battle of Changping, Qin took the opportunity to surround Handan, the capital of Zhao (see the battle of Handan), which lasted more than a year. Fortunately, Wei's son Xin stole the military symbol and saved him, but his national strength was greatly reduced.

Yan took Zhao to Changping, and Prime Minister Li abdomen was the general. In view of Zhao's situation that "the strong are all in Changping, but they are unable to do their own thing", Qin sent troops to attack Zhao in the 56th year (the first 25 1 year). Zhao named Lian Po as a general and commanded the famous battle of governance. He divided the whole army into two roads. One led by Lecheng went straight to the local area to fight against the Yan army on the West Road, and the other led by himself to face the main force of the Yan army in Juancheng (now Baixiang County, Hebei Province). Lian Po commanded Zhao, who was jointly guarding the township, and adopted the tactics of concentrating his forces and bashing the enemy head-on. The first battle was successful, which defeated the enemy soldiers and knocked out the arrogance of the Yan army. Then, he led the Zhao army to defeat the main force of the Yan army and cut the chestnut belly. Commander-in-Chief Yan Jun was beheaded and fled in panic. Lian Po seized the opportunity of the retreat of the Yan army, and ordered the Zhao army to pursue 56-point attack and drive five hundred miles. In the first 250 years, he entered Ji (now Beijing), the capital of Yan State. The prince of Yan was very happy to see that Yan was in danger, so he had to agree to all the requirements of Zhao, such as ceding 5 cities and making peace with Zhao. Lian Po was honored as the prime minister for his work. About 67 years before and after Ren Xiangguo, Lian Po repeatedly repelled the invading enemy and waited for an opportunity to attack. In the first 245 years, the troops captured Longyang (now the northwest of Neihuang County, Henan Province), indicating that Zhao Guoli had recovered.

Lian Po was dismissed by Changping and went home. When he lost power, all his former clients left. When he was reused as a general, the public gathered again. Lian Po was very excited and asked them to retreat. The public told him that it was nothing strange. Now we make friends by buying and selling in the market. If you have the strength, we will follow you. If you have no electricity, we will leave. This is common sense in business. What's to complain about?

In the second year of Qin Shihuang (245 BC), Zhao Chengxiao died as king, and his son Zhao Dunxiang succeeded him. King Xiang listened to the slanderers of treacherous court official Guo Kai, dismissed Lian Po and sent Lecheng instead of Lian Po. Angry at being excluded, Lian Po attacked Lecheng, and Lecheng fled. Lian Po left Zhao and went to Liang of Wei (now Kaifeng, Henan). Lian Po lived in Daliang for a long time. Although Wang Wei took him in, he didn't trust him. Because Zhao was besieged for many times, the king of Zhao wanted to appoint Lian Po and Lian Po wanted to be appointed by Zhao. The prince of Zhao sent Tang Jiu, the eunuch, to see Lian Po with a pair of precious armor and four fast horses to see if Lian Po could still be used. Guo Kai, the enemy of Lian Po, secretly gave Tang Jiu a lot of money and spoke ill of Lian Po, fearing that Lian Po would take power again. After Zhao's emissary met Lian Po, Lian Po ate a bucket of rice and ten catties of meat in front of him, and put on armor to show that he was still useful. But the messenger came back and reported to the king of Zhao: "General Lian is old and eats well, but he sat with me and shit three times in a short time." The prince of Zhao thought Lian Po was old, so he was not appointed, and Lian Po never had a chance to serve his country again.

When Chu heard that Lian Po was in Wei, he secretly sent someone to meet him. After Lian Po became a general of Chu, he made no achievements. He said, "I want to use Zhao people" (Biography of Historical Records, Lian Po and Lin Xiangru) shows my attachment to the villagers in my motherland. However, after all, Zhao failed to reuse him, which led to the depression of this generation of famous soldiers who made great contributions to Zhao Li, and finally died in Shouchun (now Shouxian County, Anhui Province) of Chu State. Ten years later, Zhao was destroyed by Qin (see the battle of Qin destroying Zhao).

Lian Po Mausoleum is located on the south slope of Niufang Mountain, Bagong Mountain, 7 kilometers north of Shouxian County. The tomb faces west and has a circumference of 300 meters. It is bordered by Huaihe River in the west and surrounded by mountains in the north, south and east. A generation of romantic scenery attracts mountains and rivers, and heroic spirit stirs up the future.

Zhaoshe

The year of birth and death is unknown. Zhao Guoren, a member of the same clan as the Zhao royal family, is an aristocrat. A famous soldier of Zhao at the end of the Warring States Period. He was about 60 years old, and lived mainly from King Wuling of Zhao (324-299 BC) to King Cheng Xiao of Zhao (265-245 BC).

Zhao She's early activities are unknown. According to Zhao Ce, the Warring States Policy, he said to Zhao Sheng: "If you taste luxury, you can resist the sin of Yan, and Yan takes luxury as the upper valley (Yan County, located in Huailai County, Hebei Province, governs the east of Zhangjiamen and the north of Luping). Yan Zhitong's castle in the valley is extravagant. " On this basis, he may have participated in the reform of Wuling Wang's riding and shooting, and after the "Dune Rebellion" four years ago (295 years ago), Zhao Cheng and Li Dui took full power to persecute Wuling Wang Jinchen, which coincided with Wang Zhaoxian and Zhao She's desperate efforts to gain trust and was appointed as the garrison. In the twelfth year of Zhao Huiwen (287 BC), Li Dui lost power and his persecutors returned to China. Zhao at this time she may only be able to return to Zhao.

When Zhao Huiwen became king, Zhao She first became a local official of Zhao State (a small official who collected land tax), collected land rent and enforced the law selflessly. Because the family refused to rent, Zhao She dealt with it according to law and killed nine people in charge of the family. Ping Yuanjun was angry and wanted to kill Zhao She. Zhao said, "You are Zhao Weigui's son. Today, if you don't serve your family, you will be cut by the law. Cutting according to law will weaken the country. If your country is weak, your prince will increase their army. If you increase your army, there will be no Ye Zhao. How can you be so rich? Expensive is public, loyal is flat, flat is strong, and strong is ancient. Is it lighter than the evil in the world? " (Biography of Historical Records, Lian Po and Lin Xiangru) means: "You are the son of Zhao, and now you indulge your family not to engage in official duties, then the national law will be weakened; National laws have weakened. The country will be weak; When countries are weak, countries will invade; If the country invades, Zhao Can will not exist, so how can you stay so rich? If a noble person like you can obey the law, then the whole country will be fair and reasonable; Fair and reasonable, the country will be strong; When the country is strong, the rule of Zhao will be consolidated. As a relative of the monarch, will you be despised by the whole world? " Hearing this, Ping Yuanjun thought that Zhao She was a very talented person and introduced him to the Prince of Zhao. In the forty-fourth year of Zhou Nanwang (27 1), Zhao She was appointed as the general manager of the State Administration of Taxation on the recommendation of Ping Yuanjun. After Zhao She managed the national tax, the national tax was fair and reasonable, the people were rich and the national treasury was enriched. Later, he was appointed as a general, carefully managed the army and was strict with his subordinates. Any reward will be given to subordinates.

In the 19th year of King Huiwen (the first 280 years), Zhao She was appointed as a general and entered the military ranks. He led troops to capture Maiqiu in Yin Qi (now the northwest of Shanghe County). The prince of Zhao liked this city very much, so he added wine in the city to congratulate him. After that, he began his early military career.

In forty-six years of Zhou Nanwang (thirty years of Huiwen Wang Zhao, 270 years before), Qin Jun sent heavy troops to besiege Wei Xiao (now heshun county, Shanxi). Zhao Haoqi Huiwen called the famous Lian Po to discuss and asked Wei Xiao, "Can it be saved?" Lian Po replied: "It's long and narrow, and it's hard to save." (Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru) Also called Yue Cheng, Yue Cheng answered with Lian Po. The prince of Zhao also called Zhao She to discuss. Zhao She thought, "This is a long and narrow road, just like two mice fighting in a hole. The brave one wins." (Biography of Historical Records, Lian Po and Lin Xiangru) Zhao She's proposal coincides with the proposal of Zhao Wang. Therefore, the Prince of Zhao appointed Zhao She as the general, and led the army to relieve the enemy's encirclement (see engaging the enemy).

At that time, he was besieged and had already made preparations to prevent Zhao from sending troops to rescue him. They sent troops eastward into Wu 'an (now southwest of Wu 'an County, Hebei Province) in an attempt to contain Zhao's actions. Zhao She, aware of this deployment of Qin Jun, ordered to camp only three miles away from Handan, ordered the army to reinforce the camp, built many barriers around the camp, and deliberately made an enterprising gesture. And ordered the troops to say, "Those who admonish the army die." (Biography of Historical Records, Lian Po and Lin Xiangru) One man in the army suggested rushing to save Wu 'an, and Zhao She immediately killed him. In this way, 28 days passed and the camp was built again. Send someone to Zhao's station for reconnaissance, and Zhao She will take care of him before letting him go. The spies will be very happy to report the situation of Zhao Jun to the general. Qin Hui thought: Zhao Jun's "going to the country for three miles, the army can't, but increasing the base, not" ("Historical Records, Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru"), then we relaxed our vigilance.

After sending the spy away, Zhao She suddenly made a decision, assembled troops, followed by, and boldly marched west. It only takes two days and one night to reach the distance of 50 miles. Those who were left in Wu 'an heard that Zhao She had arrived, and they woke up like a dream, and quickly mobilized troops to Yu 'an. The situation is still very dangerous because Zhao is far away from the rear and moving forward alone. At this time, a sergeant named Xu Li from the Zhao army came to see Zhao She and said, "The Qin people didn't expect to come here, and he was full of energy, so the general wanted to gather troops for him. Otherwise it will be defeated. " Zhao She said, "Please tell me." Xu Li said, "Please punish me for quality." Zhao She said, "Queen Xu ordered Handan." Xu Lifu remonstrated, saying, "The one who goes up to the North Mountain first wins, and the one who goes up later loses." (Biography of Historical Records, Lian Po and Lin Xiangru)

Zhao She adopted the idea of Xu Li and immediately sent ten thousand troops to seize the commanding heights of Beishan. Sure enough, Qin Jun arrived too late to compete for Beishan, so he was squeezed at the foot of the mountain and fell into a very passive position. Zhao took advantage of the favorable terrain, directed the attack on Qin Jun, and fled in defeat. The siege of terbium was lifted. In this election, Qiang Qin, who lives in Norfolk, suffered the biggest setback. After many years, he still dared not act rashly for fear that he would make the same mistake again. After Banshi returned to Korea, King Huiwen of Zhao named Zhao She as Ma Fujun, which was equal to Lian Po and Lin Xiangru, and was listed as one of the eight famous players in the six eastern countries by later generations. Also named Xu Li as captain of the national team.

Zhao She paid attention to assess the situation, predicted the trend behind the enemy lines, and adhered to the principle of adapting measures to the enemy and using troops flexibly, which can be seen from his conversation with General Tian Dan.

Tian Dan, the general of the State of Qi, showed off the fire bulls (see the battle of Jimo). After the revival of Qi, he became the prime minister of Zhao the following year. One day, Tian Dan said to Zhao She: It's not that I don't admire the general's art of war. "Therefore, those who refuse to obey the general will use the public alone." . In the past, the "imperial army" only used 30 thousand people, and the world took it. Today, the general will take (lead) 100 thousand and 200 thousand people to use it. This order is not acceptable. "Zhao She opposed Tian Chan think Tian Chan don't understand the idea of war. He explained to Tian Dan in detail the relationship between the changes of the times, the way of war and the scale of war. He said: "The ancients were divided into nations within the four seas. Although the city is big, there are 300 feet without error, and although there are many fires, there are 3000 feet without error. However, the situation has changed greatly, and the form and scale of the war will inevitably change accordingly. For example,' Qi attacked Jing with 200,000 people, and five years is enough. Chair Zhao's 200,000 troops attacked Zhongshan and returned five years later. Today, Qi and South Korea are equal in strength. Can you attack them with 30 thousand people? "30,000 people besieged the city" is not a corner of the besieged city, and it is not enough for a field battle. What would you do? "Zhao She's words, make Tian Chan" the manner of sighing too much ",said:

As an excellent soldier, Zhao She has a noble character. He is not ambiguous. "Don't ask about family matters on the day of receiving points." His son, Zhao Kuo, learned less about the art of war, said that he was smart and knowledgeable, thinking that "the world can do anything." But only books, no practice. Zhao She to "bad", he anxiously said to his wife; Soldiers die, with easy words attached. Zhao will not be besieged; If necessary, Zhao will take it. "This kind of understanding and anxiety, not the average person can have, and his worries, fruit trapped, Zhao Kuo rate zhao was qin adowa in the battle of changping.

Zhao She has a deep affection for foot soldiers, as his wife said, "There are more than a dozen people who eat and drink, and hundreds of friends. The king and the imperial clan gave all the rewards to the military attache and scholars. " Therefore, all soldiers are willing to work hard for this. In the battle, he enforced the law like a mountain, with clear rewards and punishments, and used troops like gods. Therefore, he brought out an invincible force. Cao Cao once said, "Zhao She and Dou Ying, both suffering generals, took money and goods. Once they are dispersed, they can make great contributions to the economy, which will be eternal. " . When I read his article, I already admired him as a man. "Visible deep influence on later generations.

After Zhao She's death, the King of Zhao was buried in Xishan near Handan to commemorate his meritorious service for Zhao, and was called "Ma Fujun". His grandson took Ma as his surname, followed by a famous general in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Defendant: Minor-Jury Level 5 3- 12 13:33.

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In today's world, I'm afraid there are not many people who don't know Madame Curie. As an outstanding female scientist, Madame Curie won the highest scientific laurels in two different disciplines-the Nobel Prize in Physics and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in just eight years, and also won numerous other scientific honors in her life, which can be described as extraordinary wisdom and fruitful results. Madame Curie's biography was written by Madame Curie's youngest daughter, Eve Curie, three years after her mother died. This biography describes Madame Curie's life in detail, and also introduces the deeds of her husband pierre curie, and focuses on the working spirit and attitude of the Curie couple. Many letters and diaries of the Curies are quoted in the book. At the end of the book are the prizes and medals won by Madame Curie and the honorary titles won. Madame Curie's chronology is a very detailed personal record. The book is vivid and fluent, and it was welcomed by readers as soon as it was published. It has been translated into 27 languages and distributed all over the world.

Madame Curie made outstanding contributions to mankind all her life. As a great woman, she has won the love and admiration of people all over the world. Madame Curie is a model of women. No one decided to let a beautiful and delicate woman like her bear the cross of science. However, she went so resolutely that she left an eternal name in human history. The world should be proud of having such a woman. All women should read her biography, and they are sure to learn something from it.

The extraordinary life of a great woman who influenced the course of the world.

A detailed biography of a scientist

Madame Curie was a real scientist, and all the honors, money and disasters disappeared under her scientific light. Eve Curie said of his mother: "She refused wealth all her life and turned a blind eye to honor. She is strict with herself by nature and does not show her edge. Therefore, it is impossible for her to take any attitude of seeking fame and reputation, neither showing intimacy nor pretending to be kind, refusing strictness and pretending to be humble. She doesn't know how to make herself famous. Marie Curie's innate qualities are: unswerving personality, persistent efforts in intelligence; Self-sacrifice spirit that only contributes everything and does not know to accept any benefits; Especially a very pure soul, not proud of success, will not be bent by disaster. All this is more valuable than her work or colorful life. "

1935165438+1On October 23rd, Einstein spoke highly of Madame Curie's life at the memorial meeting held at the Rorich Museum in new york, USA.

Einstein said with excitement and full respect: "When a noble figure like Madame Curie ended her life, we should not be satisfied with recalling the contribution that her work made to mankind. The significance of first-class figures to the times and historical process, in terms of moral quality, may be greater than simple intellectual achievements. Even the latter, their dependence on personality is much greater than commonly thought ... "In the nearly 600-word eulogy, Einstein only used more than 30 words to talk about Madame Curie's scientific achievements, and the rest were used to praise her moral strength. It can be seen that Madame Curie not only won two Nobel Prizes for her outstanding scientific contributions, but also left outstanding contributions to the world.