Give up one's life for righteousness, classical Chinese

1. The classical Chinese "Qian Jinyu gave her life for righteousness" is selected from the junior middle school classical Chinese encyclopedia, and the original poem is as follows:

original text

Qian Jinyu Guan Songjiang Qian Zong, born in Congo, is honest and honest. At the beginning of Daoguang Renyin Opium, Qian Fang returned to his hometown, heard the news, packed his bags and set off. His relatives and friends said, "The army is in a hurry, and the fortunes are unknown. The monarch is false, and Shangguan has no interest in literature. What is it? " Money doesn't listen. When I arrived in Wusong, I lived in Xibao, eating and sleeping with the soldiers and fighting with each other. Dongbao was trapped and the projectiles were concentrated in Xibao. Qian bravely bid, and was hit three times in his left arm for several hours, but many times. His recent minions cried: "The male and female are here, and they can't die." Laughing and thanking, he said, "Who can escape from the difficulties of eating the country? Fortunately, don't worry about my mother! " After a while, with a bang, the left breast in the middle became a servant. On his deathbed, Judas called "a thief and slave to the wrong country" and ignored it.

To annotate ...

1 Qian Zong: the name of the Qing military attache.

2 Shang: advocating.

(3) Daoguang Renyin: refers to 1842. Daoguang is the title of Xuanzong in Qing Dynasty.

4 disaster (Xin): This refers to the disaster of war.

⑤ Going back to the province for vacation (xǐng): Going back to visit relatives for vacation.

6 Ni: Stop it.

Party 7: Just.

⑧ fun (cù): Same as "urging", urging.

Pet-name ruby (Xù): Encourage.

Indications: Both.

⑾ (dié) blood: describes a lot of bloodshed.

I have done a lot, but I still haven't taken a step back. Less, a little.

[13] crying Chen: crying and talking.

[14] Why not: Why not.

Fortunately: I hope.

On my deathbed: On my deathbed.

⒄ Setting: Stop.

translate

Qian Jinyu, an official in charge of Songjiang County, is resolute and bold, advocating honesty and integrity. The Opium War broke out during the period of Daoguang Renyin (1842). Qian Jinyu took a vacation to visit relatives in her hometown. When he heard the news, he immediately packed his bags and set off. His relatives and friends stopped him and said, "It is unknown whether the war is urgent, whether it is a disaster or a blessing. You are on vacation, and the superior officials have no documents to urge you to go. Why are you busy going back? " Qian Jinyu didn't listen. After returning to Wusongkou, he followed the army to guard Xibao, eating and sleeping with the soldiers and acting together. They encouraged each other to work hard. After the fall of Dongbao, all the bullets and shells fell to Xibao. Qian Jinyu bravely commanded the battle and fought bloody battles for hours. He was shot three times in the left arm and still didn't take a step back. The soldier next to him cried and said, "You can't die with your old mother." Qian Jinyu smiled and declined politely, saying, "Where is the reason why the country is in trouble and enjoys the national salary but escapes?" I hope you don't worry about my mother. "Soon, a bullet flew in and hit his left chest, so he fell down. On his deathbed, he kept shouting "traitors harm the country."

2. Which ancient prose comes from an article in Mencius in the Warring States Period? Nowadays, people usually take the first sentence of an article as the topic, that is, "I want what I want."

The Fish I Want is a masterpiece of Mencius' in-depth discussion on human life and death based on his theory of good nature. Emphasize that "justice" is more important than "life" and advocate giving up life for justice. Mencius believed that "everyone has a heart of shame and evil", so people should maintain a kind nature, strengthen their usual cultivation and education, and don't do anything that violates etiquette.

The full text (excerpt) is as follows:

Fish, what I want; Bear's paw is what I want, and I can't have both. Give up the fish and take the bear's paw. Life is what I want; Righteousness is also what I want. You can't have both, and you have to sacrifice your life for righteousness.

The translation is as follows:

I want fish and bear's paw. If I can't get both at the same time, I'd rather give up fish and choose bear's paw. Life is what I want, justice is what I want. If these two things cannot be obtained at the same time, then I would rather sacrifice my life and choose righteousness.

Extended data:

"I want what I want" discusses an important proposition of Mencius: righteousness is more important than life. When righteousness and life cannot be balanced, we should give up our lives for righteousness.

Mencius said, "The heart of shame and evil is also right." ("Mencius Gaozi Shang") and said: "Righteousness, Tao also. ..... Only a gentleman can take the right path. " (Lower Zhang Wan) Mencius thinks that he is ashamed of doing bad things, and others are tired of doing bad things. This is righteousness; Righteousness is the right path that a moral gentleman must follow.

Mencius first made an analogy with specific things familiar in people's lives: fish is what I want, and bear's paw is what I want. I'd rather give up fish than bear's paw if I can't get both at the same time; I cherish life and righteousness. In the case that I can't get both at the same time, I'd rather give up my life and get the essence.

Mencius compared life to a fish and righteousness to a bear's paw, thinking that righteousness is more precious than life, just as bear's paw is more precious than fish, and naturally the idea of "giving up life for righteousness" came into being. This proposition is the central argument of the whole article.

Baidu encyclopedia-I want fish.

I want to live on fish.

The author Mencius (one of which was recorded by his disciples) lived in the pre-Qin period.

Translation comparison

Fish, what I want; Bear's paw is what I want You can't have your cake and eat it. You can't have your cake and eat it. Life is what I want; Righteousness is also what I want. You can't have both, and you have to sacrifice your life for righteousness. Life is what I want. I want it more than the living, so I don't want it. I hate death, too. Death is more terrible than the dead, so I can't avoid it. What people want is nothing more than life. Why not use people who can live? What makes people worse than the dead, so why not avoid the patients? If you are right, you will be born without asking, and if you are right, you will be free from suffering and inaction. A bowl of rice, a bowl of soup, you can live if you get it, but you will starve if you don't get it. But with disdain to drink and eat, hungry pedestrians are unwilling to accept it; Kick others' food with their feet, and beggars will not accept it.

The senior official accepted it without distinguishing whether it was appropriate or not. Call it, and the people in the street will be blessed; Begging for help is too much. What's the use of 10 thousand minutes to me if I accept it without distinguishing the etiquette? For the beauty of the palace, the matter of wives and concubines, the poor have me and you? Hometown is free from physical death, and today is the beauty of the palace; Hometown is not subject to physical death, and now it is regarded as a wife and concubine; Hometown is not subject to physical death, but now it is for those who know the poor and love the rich to do it; Is it ok or not? This is called the loss of humanity.

4. An example of giving one's life for righteousness (ancient prose) "I want fish"

Author: Mencius

Fish, what I want, bear's paw, what I want, you can't have it both ways, and you can take the bear's paw instead of the fish. Life is what I want, and righteousness is what I want. You can't have both. Those who give up their lives for righteousness are also. If people don't enjoy life, then what can be used to find a means of survival, which can't be used? I hate death, too. Death is more terrible than the dead, so I can't avoid it. You can survive by some means, but some people don't want to use it; There are some ways to escape the scourge, but some people refuse to use it. Make people worse than the dead, then why not avoid the patients! Born with it, born without it; If you are right, you can avoid pain and do something wrong. A bowl of rice, a bowl of soup, you can live if you get it, but you will starve if you don't get it. But with disdain to drink and eat, hungry pedestrians are unwilling to accept it; Kick others' food with their feet, and beggars will not accept it.

The senior official accepted it without distinguishing whether it was appropriate or not. Call it, and the people in the street will be blessed; Begging for help is too much.

What's the use of 10 thousand minutes to me if I accept it without distinguishing the etiquette? For the beauty of the palace and the service of wives and concubines, I won't help those who know how to repay kindness? Die for the body, not subject to the body, this is the beauty of the palace; Die for yourself, not subject to it, and now be regarded as a wife; I want to die for my life, but now I want to die for the poor and the needy: yes or no? This is called the loss of humanity.

It's all here. Find it yourself!

5. Qian Jinyu gave up her life to read the answer in classical Chinese. Read the article "Qian Jinyu gave up her life to take justice" and complete the proofreading. (14)

Qian Jinyu Guan Songjiang Qian Zong (1), Congo, the First Part Festival. Daoguang Renyin opium riots (2), Qian Fang false return to mothering, heard the news, that is, bundle up and set off. His relatives and friends stopped saying, "The army is impatient, and its fortunes are unknown. Jun Fang is fake, and Shangguan has no interest in literature. What is it? " Money doesn't listen. The road of Wusong, since guarding the west fort, lies with the soldiers and kills each other. Dongbao was trapped and the projectiles were concentrated in Xibao. Qian bravely bid, and was hit three times in his left arm for several hours, but many times. His recent pawn cried Chen ⑤: "The male and female are here, and they can't die." Laughing and thanking, he said, "Who can escape from the difficulties of eating the country? Fortunately, 6 don't worry about my mother! " After a while, with a bang, the left breast in the middle became a servant. On his deathbed, Judas cried and said, "Thieves and slaves made mistakes in this country."

Note (1) Chief Qian: the name of the Qing military attache. (2) Disaster (Xin): This refers to the disaster of war. 3 fun: promotion.

4 um (xù): encourage. ⑤ Cry: Cry and talk. Fortunately: I hope.

1. Explain the meaning of underlined words in the following sentences. (4 points)

(1) Qian Jinyu (Songjiang Pass) Song Ganzong (2) Song ()

(3) and Dongbao were trapped () (4) Judas shouted "Thieves and slaves strayed in" ()

2. The following sentences have the same usage as the example "Yan" (2 points).

For example, how can anyone escape from the plight of eating countries?

A. A threesome must have a teacher (The Analects of Confucius)

B. Fear is hidden ("Cao Gui debate")

C. How to place earthwork ("Yugong Mountain")

D. Give gifts from time to time (Snake Catcher)

Mark two reading pauses in the following sentences with "/". (2 points)

Shangguan is not interested in literature.

4. Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese. (4 points)

(1) Qian Fang went back to her family on vacation. When he heard the news, he packed his bags and set off.

(2) Surging green pool, clear reflection. (Three Gorges)

5. Combined with the content of the selected text, what kind of person is Qian Jinyu in the text? (at least two points) (2 points)

Answer:

1. Be an official; Go straight; Wait until; Stop, stop (4 points)

2.C(2 points)

3 Shangguan/illiterate/interesting Wang Jun (2 points)

4.( 1) Qian Jinyu went back to his hometown to visit relatives on vacation. When he heard the news, he packed his bags and set off. (2 points)

(2) white rapids, swaying clear waves; The dark green pool reflects the reflection (of rocks and trees). (2 points)

5. Sexual Congo: On my deathbed, Judas called "the thief slaves the wrong country"; The First Part Festival: Eat and drink with the soldiers, and lie down with the patriotic spirit of bravely dedicating yourself to resisting foreign invasion (2 points, at least 2 points, 1 min 1 min).