What should I pay attention to when traveling to Jiuzhaigou?

Tibetan culture is profound and has a long history. Five hundred years ago, the ancestors of Jiuzhaigou moved here from the distant "third place in the world"-Ali, Tibet, and flourished for generations, working hand in hand with the surrounding Qiang, Hui and Han nationalities to create a unique Kangba culture.

Today, Jiuzhaigou people still maintain rich and simple Tibetan traditions in terms of food, clothing, housing, transportation, weddings and funerals, and modes of production: exquisite costumes, fierce broadsword, mellow highland barley wine, butter tea, white Hada, cheerful tap dancing, and steady two cows herdsman, all of which are passionate love for life; Manidui, towering Lama pagodas and endless prayer wheels are all devout religions.

At the bottom of Baoyu Rock, the Zharu Temple, the flying pavilion and the flowing Dan, the morning bell and the evening drum are solemn and majestic. It is a Tibetan Bonism temple built in the late Ming Dynasty, and the annual "King Yvonne" and "Mazi Temple Fair" are sacred and grand. Around Jiuzhaigou, the Tibetan, Qiang, Hui and Han nationalities live in harmony, promote each other and prosper together: handsome riders on the grass, Muslims worshiping in mosques, descendants of Dayu on the Minjiang River, Zajiu and Guozhai, Diaolou and Qiangdi, together compose a melodious song of national integration.

Under the Baojing Rock and beside the Emerald River, there is a dazzling and solemn pavilion with cornices and a building complex with a flowing back, which is the only place for religious activities in Jiuzhaigou-Zharu Temple. The temple was built in the late Ming Dynasty and is a historical migratory bird. The original area is 6.5438+0.5 million square meters, with exquisite structure, outstanding characteristics and national style. The whole building complex consists of seven parts: Daxiong Hall, Tibetan Scripture Building, Music Station, Building, Warehouse, Welcome Building and Lama's Monk Room. The golden roof is shining, the indoor carpet is luxurious, and the colored Buddha statue is solemn and sacred. There are 3 lamas in the temple, 100 monks.

The fifth day of the first month is the "Liang Minyi Feng Wang" temple fair in Zharu Temple. In order to commemorate the death of a famous Lama of our religion, on this day, all lamas and monks in the whole temple go to the temple to recite scriptures, and the local Tibetan people also wear clean clothes to pay homage to the temple to show their sincerity to religion and their inner holiness. Every May, Mazi Festival is a religious festival in Zharu Temple. Three days before the meeting, the lamas and monks of the whole temple will gather in the temple to fast and recite scriptures and rehearse the program. On May 1 day, Tibetan people in Songpan, Zoige, Baozuo, Dalu, Tazang, Longkang and other places around Jiuzhaigou dressed up and gathered in temples to participate in celebrations, present Hada and watch Tibetan opera performances. Then scattered in groups of three or five in the emerald river, pine forest, sitting on the floor, simple toast, * * * Syria friendship. Young men and women, on the other hand, went deep into the jungle and made a lifelong love vow.

The ancestors of Tibetans in Jiuzhaigou are believers in the primitive benzene capital. Although Buddhism later defeated Bonism, today's local Tibetans believe in Tibetan Buddhism, which is different from Indian Buddhism and Central Plains Buddhism. At today's annual Mother-Child Meeting in Zharu Temple, people are still wearing Boni masks such as French king, ghost fairy, protector, etc., jumping to surrender to exorcism. Some of these masks have huge teeth and long hair; Some eyes are wide open and eyebrows are like flames; Some skulls are ferocious and ugly. They have gone beyond the traditional aesthetic connotation, showing a grotesque beauty and shocking spirit.

Beside Zharu Temple and village road, people can also see rows of flags of different heights, such as the same colorful dragons, which are rolled up with the wind and spectacular. These prayer flags are printed with red, white and yellow scriptures, which are hung vertically on the flagpole. . After each expedition, in order to reward heroes, warriors and inspire fighting spirit, the rulers should give Hada gold and silver jewelry, beautiful women's food, cattle and sheep silk as symbols of glory.

Entering Jiuzhaigou, people can see some Tibetans holding a Manidou with a height of about 7 cm, a circular diameter of 10 cm, and two small ears hanging down, talking while turning, or going to Manidou to turn over educational scriptures with indigo. Year after year, day after day, forever. It turns out that according to Buddhist teachings, every time you turn a handwheel or bucket, you have to teach it again. If you have been educated thousands of times, you can avoid sin and get rid of it. As a result, some devout believers have spent their lives in the constantly rotating Mani handwheel and Mani bucket. They are always mumbling when turning buckets and wheels. Always? How's it going? "Repeated education. These six words are transliteration of the Lu 'an mantra of Tibetan Buddhism. They summed up all the values and goals of Mahayana Buddhism, and reciting the six-character mantra is regarded by believers as the way to complete merit.

In Jiuzhaigou, people can also see the word ""painted on the wall. ""is a mantra of many ancient tribes, which appeared in the history of West India, Persia, Greece and other countries, and was later adopted by some ancient religions. At first, people regarded it as a symbol of fire or the sun, and later it was regarded as an object of symbol and prayer by ordinary people. With the spread of ancient Indian Buddhism, the word ""was introduced into China. In Indian Buddhism, the word is pronounced "Sri Lanka's moment", which means "auspicious clouds on the sea and the sky", and it is an auspicious symbol between the sea and the sky. There are two Buddhist translations of Wan in China. Originally translated into the word "Wan" by earlier classics in the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was later translated into the word "De" by metaphysical religions in the Tang Dynasty, emphasizing the infinite merits of Buddha. Later, the queen changed her name to "Wan", which means collecting merits and demerits from all over the world. In Jiuzhaigou temples and Tibetan homes, ""is pronounced as "harmony" in Tibetan, which means lofty, sacred and auspicious, and is also regarded as a symbol of exorcising evil spirits and protecting peace.

When visitors go to Shuzheng Village, they can also see a stupa, which echoes the nearby Shuzheng Waterfall and the blue and clear Shuzheng Sea, conveying a special cultural ideology. This stupa is the spiritual resting place of Tibetan Buddhist monks and living buddhas. Its architectural form is similar to India's "hole-blocking wave" tower, which consists of three parts: tower foundation, tower bottle and tower gate. The tower foundation is divided into two layers, the lower layer is slightly larger, representing "the world in a cluster", which means the earth. The upper layer is slightly smaller, which is an "interesting road to enlightenment", that is, the starting point or end point of the reincarnation process. The tower bottle also consists of two parts, the lower part is the bottle body, which is called "water polo". The upper bottleneck is the "fire cone", also called "the fire of diligence". The pagoda is also divided into two parts. The lower part is the tower top, which is also called "Qi" or "Wind", and the upper part is called "Ling" or "Ling", which means that the fluctuating spirit may break away from the gas field of the material world. In this way, the "four thoughts" of the "four realms" of Buddhism-earth, fire, water and gas-are integrated into the stupa. Believers can observe the endless cycle of life-spirit-death-life cycle through a very intuitive entity. The remains of living monks and buddhas are buried in the tower, which not only embodies their doctrine of returning to the "four realms", but also shows their superhuman strength of reincarnation.

Jiuzhaigou has a long history of national culture.

The upper reaches of Jialing River and Minjiang River, including Jiuzhaigou and the land known as Bianqiang, recorded human activities as early as the Shang Dynasty in Jiuzhaigou, which has long been a Tibetan settlement. The mysterious and dignified Tibetan culture with distinctive regional characteristics is integrated with the unique landscape, which complements each other. The ancestors of Tibetans in Jiuzhaigou are the Eluo tribe living in Maqu, Gansu Province, which originally belonged to Qiang Mi Medicine Branch in Dangxiang, and was later surrendered by Tubo. At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, Tubo marched eastward, and Songzan Gambu took it as a pioneer and occupied Songzhou (Songpan) and stayed there ever since. Among them, the Oro Department living by the White River is allied with the Baima Department, and its descendants are Tibetans from nine stockades in Jiuzhaigou.

Jiuzhaigou is geographically located at the intersection of Tibetan, Han, Qiang, Hui and other multi-ethnic cultures, so the Tibetan culture in Jiuzhaigou also bears the imprint of its influence on ethnic integration of language. Taking the Tibetan architecture in the ditch as an example, it is obviously different from the residents of Tibetan areas in the west. On the basis of the layout of Tibetan villages and houses, Chinese treatment methods such as hanging items, hanging flower columns, corner flowers, upturned corners and round holes are widely used. In addition, the white stone is generally placed in the corner of the parapet or on the lintel and window lintel, which coincides with the "white stone worship" of Qiang folk houses in Maoxian, Wenchuan and Lixian.

Jiuzhaigou Tibetans believe in Bonism, which is called "Bonism Wave" in Tibetan. It used to be a primitive religion popular in ancient Tibet, commonly known as Bon, which worships natural gods such as mountains and rivers of heaven and earth. Later, influenced by Tibetan Buddhism-Lamaism, it founded a new doctrine and evolved into a sect similar to Tibetan Buddhism, commonly known as Bai (Ben) Sect, to show that it is the mainstream sect of Tibetan Buddhism-Yellow Sect. Bonism has a great influence in Tibetan areas of Sichuan.

Self-help tour in Jiuzhaigou (super detailed)

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