Suspicious classical Chinese essays

1. What is the ancient Chinese definition of "suspicious of gods and ghosts"

In ancient Chinese, gods and ghosts are a pair of antonyms.

God: the sage or the spirit that people worship after death; ghost: the soul of ordinary people after death. The similarities are all mysterious things that cannot be known; the differences are the opposition between good and bad, good and evil.

Suspicious: In the original meaning of "suspicious of gods and ghosts", it is an adverb, like, like, suspicious. Suspicious (original meaning): like gods and ghosts, very mysterious.

Later, people used "suspicious" as a verb to express suspicion and suspicion. Du generally refers to a person who is overly suspicious and lacks decisiveness.

The word "suspicious of gods and ghosts" comes from Zhang Dai's "Small Preface to Lang Huan's Collected Works of Xiao Qiu's "Delirium" in the Ming Dynasty: "Delirium is neither a dream nor an illusion. Suspicion of ghosts and gods is like a picture or a prophecy, like a mirror listening, like a mirror. The nursery rhyme is believed to be a divination of evil spirits, and is called delirium. "Explanation of this passage: People who talk nonsense due to illness always have hallucinations in their minds that are like dreams but not dreams, and are extremely mysterious like gods and ghosts. , such as those prophecy books in superstition, mirror listening (a superstitious behavior), prophetic songs circulated by children, and the use of tortoise shells that people believe in divination, some people will predict good and bad luck based on the patients' nonsense. It's called "delirium."

2. Translation of Chu Gong Yiying's Classical Chinese text

Original text: Yue Guang once had a relative and a visitor, but he did not come back for a long time. Guang asked him why, and he replied: "I was sitting in front of you. I was given wine, and when I was about to drink it, I saw a snake in the cup, which meant something evil, and I became sick after drinking it." At that time, there were horns on the wall of Henan Province, and snakes were painted with lacquer. Guangyi meant that the snake in the cup was the shadow of the horn. Putting the wine in front of him, he asked the guest: "Do you see anything again in the wine?" He replied: "What you saw is still the same as before." Guang was telling the reason. The guest suddenly understood and his illness was cured. Translation: Yue Guang once had a close relationship. The guest did not come to the door for a long time. Leguang sent someone to inquire about the reason. The guest replied: "Last time I was at the house, I was given wine. When I was about to drink, I suddenly found a snake in the cup. I was very disgusted. I drank it. I got sick after drinking this glass of wine." Le Guang found a bow hanging on the wall of the hall with a snake pattern on it. He guessed that the snake mentioned by the guest was the shadow of the bow. So he entertained the guest again. He asked someone to bring the wine It was still placed in the place where the guest put the wine last time, and he asked the guest: "Did you see anything else in the wine?" The guest replied: "It's the same as what you saw before. There are still shadows of snakes." So Le Guang told him the details. After hearing the reason, the guest's doubts disappeared immediately and his illness was cured. (1) Selected from "Book of Jin". (2) Taste: once. (3) Relatives and guests: close friends. (4) Jiukuo: Long time no see. (5) Guang: Le (yue) Guang, courtesy name Yanfu, from Yangjue (yu), Henan Province (near today's Yang City, Henan Province). (6) Meng: Indebted to you. It is often used to express gratitude. The modest word. (7) Meaning: heart. (8) After drinking it, you become sick: after drinking it, you get sick. Disease, get sick. (9) At the time: at that time, at that time. (10) Henan: The name of the county in the Jin Dynasty, in the northern part of today's Henan Province. Leguang was the Yin of Henan at that time. (11) Auditor: the hall where the government handles political affairs, also called "official affairs". (12) Jiao: a bow decorated with horns and the like .(13) Snake painted with lacquer: (on the bow) A snake was painted on the bow with lacquer. (14) Meaning: expected, thought. (15) No: same as "no". (16) So: reason, reason. (17) To figure out a difficult problem without direct explanation and let go of the mental burden. (18) Shenyan (ke): a long-term and serious illness. Shen is the same as "shen", 疴, serious illness. (19) Suddenly : This is used to describe feeling at ease. Reason: Le Guang’s friend was confused by the illusion, became suspicious, and almost lost his life. Le Guang likes to get to the bottom of things, pays attention to investigation and research, and finally reveals the mystery of "the shadow of the snake in the cup". In life No matter what problem you encounter, you must ask why, and strive to find out the truth of the matter through investigation and research, and find the correct solution.

3. Answers to classical Chinese reading of "A cup with a bow and a snake's shadow"

"A cup with a bow and a snake's shadow" is an idiom and an allusion in Chinese. It tells a story about a person who is a guest at someone else's house. The host gives him a glass of wine and a bow hanging on the wall opposite. The shadow of the bow is just reflected in the transparent wine glass, like a snake. The guest feels uncomfortable due to psychological reasons after drinking the wine. It is only after the host explains it that he understands. Now this idiom is used to satirize those who are suspicious. "Guest" is a person who has been ill for a long time. What does the reason tell people? Heart diseases need to be treated with heart medicine. We should not be suspicious and disturb ourselves. We must work hard to find out the truth through investigation and research and find the correct solution. "Book of Jin·Le Guangzhuan" 》Original text Cup Bow Snake Shadow ① Yue Guangzi repaired his shop and moved to Yi, Henan Province. He had relatives and guests ③, and Kuo ④ did not come back for a long time. Guang ⑤ asked why, and he replied: "I was sitting in front of you, and Meng ⑥ gave me wine, so I wanted to drink it. , I saw a snake in the cup, which means something very evil ⑦, and I became sick after drinking it ⑧." At that time, ⑨ Henan ⑩ Tingshi (11) There are horns (12) on the wall, and a lacquer painting of a snake (13). Guangyi (14) The snake in the cup was the shadow of a horn. He put the wine in front of him and said to the guest, "Is there anything you can see in the wine again (15)?" "Answer: "What you see is the same as before." Guangnai (16) told him the reason (17), Ke suddenly understood (18) and understood (19), and his illness (20) suddenly healed. Translation: Le Guang has a close friend who said goodbye After not seeing each other for a long time, Le Guang asked his friend why he didn't come. The friend replied: "I was a guest at your house a few days ago, and I thanked you for giving me a drink. When I was picking up the glass to drink, I saw a snake in the glass. I hated it very much, and after drinking that glass of wine, I became seriously ill." At that time, a horn bow was hung on the wall of the hearing hall in Henan, with a snake painted on the bow. Le Guang guessed that the snake in the cup It was the shadow of Jiao Gong. He invited his friend to drink again at the original place. He said to his friend: "Did you see anything again in the wine glass?" The friend replied: "What I saw is the same as last time." Le Guang then told him the reason. The guest suddenly became cheerful, the mystery was suddenly solved, and the old problem that had been lingering for a long time was cured. Note (1) Select From "Book of Jin·Le Guangzhuan". "Book of Jin", Fang Xuanling of the Tang Dynasty and others, biographical history of the Jin Dynasty, 130 volumes. The book "Customs" also records similar stories. (2) Taste: once. (3) Relatives and guests: close friends. The ancients referred to the wife's brother, now the "brother-in-law". (4) Jiukuo: long time no see. Kuo, far away, farewell. (5) Guang: joy (yuè) Guang, courtesy name Yanfu, was born in Yangjue (yù), Henan Province (near today's Yang City, Henan Province). (6) Meng: accept, accept. A humble word commonly used to express gratitude when accepting someone's kindness. (7) Meaning is very evil ( wù): I hate it very much in my heart. Hate, hate, hate; it, pronoun, refers to snake. (8) Sickness after drinking: After drinking, you will become sick. Sickness, illness, physical discomfort. (9) ) Yu Shi: At that time, at that time. (10) Henan: The name of the county in the Jin Dynasty, in the area on both sides of the Yellow River in northern Henan Province. Le Guang was the Yin of Henan at that time. (11) Auditor: The hall where the government handles political affairs, also known as "Office affairs". (12) Horn: a bow made of rhinoceros horn. (13) Painting snake with lacquer: (on the bow) Painting a snake on the bow with paint. (14) Meaning: unexpected, thinking. (15) No (fǒu): Same as "no". No, mostly used at the end of sentences expressing questions. (16) Nai: then (17) So: cause, reason. (18) Huòran: This is used to describe feeling comfortable. ( 19) To figure out a difficult problem without directly explaining it, and to put down the burden of thought. (20) Shen 疴 (chén kē): a long-term and serious illness. 疴, serious illness. (21) Dun: suddenly, immediately.