What are the five famous kilns in Song Dynasty?

China Song Dynasty porcelain production, with Ru kiln, official kiln, Ge kiln, Jun kiln, Ding kiln five kiln mouth products are the most famous, and later generations collectively referred to as? Five famous kilns in Song Dynasty? What's the difference between these five famous kilns? According to what standards?

1. Jun kiln

Its kiln mouth was in Yuxian County, Henan Province, and it was named after Zhou Jun in the Tang and Song Dynasties. It began in the Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Northern Song Dynasty and declined in the Yuan Dynasty. In fact, among the five famous kilns in Song Dynasty, Ru kiln, Guan kiln and Ge kiln are all celadon. Although Jun kiln also belongs to celadon, it is not celadon. Its kiln color is characterized by rose purple, begonia red, eggplant purple, sky blue, rouge, vermilion, fiery red and kiln change. Besides, in the Jun kiln? Jun Hong? The success of firing has also created a new realm.

2. Ruyao

Its kiln mouth is in the area of Liang Qing Temple in Baofeng, Henan Province, and it was named after Ruzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty. Celadon was fired by the court at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, and it was the first official kiln in ancient times, also known as the official kiln of the Northern Song Dynasty. The glaze color is mainly azure, and the calcium-alkali glaze firing technology is adopted. Glaze is wider, the tire is gray and black, and the tire bone is thinner. Ruyao porcelain has a fine tire quality, and the tire soil contains a small amount of copper. In the light, it looks slightly red and the tire color is slightly yellow. A fragrant gray tire? This is the characteristic of Ruyao porcelain.

3. Ding kiln

Yaokou is located in Runci Village and Yanshan Village in Quyang, Hebei Province. It was named after Dingzhou in the Tang and Song Dynasties. White porcelain was fired in the Tang Dynasty, and it developed greatly in the Five Dynasties. The glaze layer of white porcelain is slightly green, and the glaze flows like tears. Among the five famous kilns in Song Dynasty, Ding kilns mainly burn white porcelain, and also burn black glaze, sauce glaze, blue glaze and white glaze to peel off glaze. There are three kinds of white glaze decoration: carving, scraping and printing. Ding kiln created the over-burning method in the late Northern Song Dynasty, with no glaze on the pan, which is called? Mangkou? This is also a feature of Ding kiln porcelain.

4. Official kilns

The official kilns in Song Dynasty were directly built by the government, which were divided into the official kilns in Northern Song Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty. It is one of the five famous kilns in Song Dynasty. The official kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty was called? Old officer? What is the name of the official kiln in the Southern Song Dynasty? A new official took office? . Among them,? Old officer? Heavy? A new official took office? Light and thin. This is also an important feature and difference between the northern and southern official kilns. The carcass of the official kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty is thick, the fetal bones are dark gray, purple or black, and the glaze colors are light blue, pink blue and moonlight white. And Wen Ya's enamel is bright and moist, especially with big cracks on the glaze. Southern Song Dynasty official kiln ware, tires are black, dark gray, light gray, beige and so on. The thickness is different and the tires are delicate. The glaze color is opaque and multifaceted, including pink blue, light blue, gray blue, moonlight white, beige and so on. ?

5. Ge Yao

Regrettably, the Geyao site has not been found so far. Some documents refer to Longquan official kiln in Zhejiang as Ge kiln, which is actually a myth. Geyao porcelain handed down from ancient times has black, dark gray, light gray, khaki and other colors, and the glaze color is mainly gray blue, but also beige and milky white. Because there are a lot of bubbles, unmelted timely particles and anorthite crystals in the glaze, it has a strong sense of opacification. Glaze has large and small lines, fine lines are yellow and coarse lines are dark brown, commonly known as? Gold wire? This is the characteristic of Geyao porcelain.

Well, after reading the above basic introduction, it is not difficult to see that the division of the five famous kilns lies in the difference of kilns first. In fact, one side's soil and water not only nurtured the other side, but also bred different ceramics. Therefore, different trace minerals in soil, different firing methods and kiln mechanisms will form different fired products, which are reflected in the five famous kilns, mainly due to the differences in tire color, glaze color and vessel type, which is an important basis for their division.