Eighth grade Chinese courseware: writing: learn to write stories.

Introducing good # courseware # lead in teaching can arouse students' enthusiasm and initiative in learning. Using flexible and diverse methods to design the # courseware # introduction of new courses can stimulate students' curiosity and improve teaching quality. The following is the eighth grade Chinese courseware: Writing: Learn to write stories. You can have a look, I hope it will help your study!

The first teaching purpose:

First, you can tell the story completely and portray the characteristics of the characters through the story.

Second, play the role of contact and imagination, enrich the details of the story, write the plot waves, and increase the appeal of the story.

Third, writing stories can not only highlight the interest, but also enlighten people and arouse readers' thinking about life.

Teaching emphasis: learn to write stories.

Teaching difficulty: stories inspire people.

Teaching process:

First, understand Mo Yan's exposition of stories and stimulate students' interest in writing stories.

I am a storyteller. I won the Nobel Prize in Literature for telling stories. Many wonderful stories happened after I won the lottery, which made me firmly believe that truth and justice exist. In the years to come, I will continue to tell my story. -Mo Yan

Guide students to understand the writer's point of view: Mo Yan believes that telling good stories can also make great literary achievements. There is truth and justice in stories, and one can take telling stories for life as one's lifestyle and life pursuit.

On this basis, students are required to express their understanding of "story" in a few words, such as what is a story, what is the use of reading a story, and also share their feelings of reading or writing a story.

Second, teachers teach the basic requirements of story writing.

Learning to write stories is actually to examine students' conception and writing ability. There are two main aspects to evaluate a story: first, whether your story is interesting or thought-provoking; The second is whether readers can get a kind of spiritual enjoyment through your writing. So, how do we write a good story?

(a) the theme should be clear and typical

What is the theme of your story, such as affection, friendship or other social phenomena? Once the theme is established, the central content of the story is determined. Sometimes a story has multiple themes. At this time, you must find the most attractive main event as the theme of your story according to your grasp of the event.

(two) the structure is complete, with a head and a tail.

When writing a story, we must make clear the six elements of narrative. At the beginning, you should introduce clearly when, where, who and what in concise language; The middle part should describe the occurrence and development of the story in detail and grasp the main people and things in the narrative; At the end, explain the ending of the story clearly, or add your own feelings.

(3) The plot should be tortuous and the organization should be strict.

If you want to write a good story, you should try to avoid straightforward narration. You can set some suspense in the plot, add some twists and turns, or make the ending unexpected. For example, Pu Songling's Wolf is short, but full of twists and turns, with some suspense in the middle, which is fascinating to read.

(d) Creating characters with distinctive personalities.

There are generally characters in stories, and characters mainly reflect the meaning of stories through their characters or images. So the characters in the story must be flesh and blood, plump and interesting. For example, in Sun Quan's Persuasion, Lv Meng is a person with distinct personality and vivid image. From refusing to study under the pretext of "too many things in the army" to "starting to study" and then "going back to Wu to Amon", it even made people "sit up and take notice", which showed his progress in listening to persuasion and also reflected the development and change of his interest. In this way, the characters are more plump.

(E) Lenovo imagination, enrich the plot

After the plot is set, the details can be enriched through appropriate association and imagination, making the plot more tortuous and the characters more vivid. For example, in "The Charcoal Man", the author gave a detailed description of the appearance and psychology of the old man selling charcoal, especially the phrase "rags, worrying about charcoal and wanting to be cold", which vividly portrayed the difficult situation and ambivalence of the old man and made people cry.

Third, arrange writing topics and practice writing.

All kinds of interesting or meaningful things happen around you or in society every day. Take something as the material, develop a reasonable imagination, draw up a topic and write a story. No less than 600 words.

Tip:

(1) material selection

You can write about things that happen around you or in society, and you can also write about things that impress you.

(2) Conception

Can express warm-hearted stories and praise truth, goodness and beauty; You can expose scams and attack things that are false, evil and ugly.

(3) The selected event is only a basic material. On this basis, we can add reasonable association and imagination, enrich some details, increase the faltering of the plot and make the story more attractive.

(4) The characters in the story can be endowed with some outstanding features, and the plot can be developed around these features.

(5) After writing, read it to others to see if it can attract them and make corrections with reference to their opinions.

Fourth, select life stories and conduct comprehensive writing exercises.

Clear requirements: around the writing practice, trigger a story with all kinds of things in life, and write a composition with "My Story" as the topic.

Guide students to conceive by combining writing skills;

The first step is to finish the topic before writing the story. Filled words are not only the core elements of the story, but also trigger the meaning of the story. For example, the story of the window, what can you see through this "window"? Such as affection, friendship, love, teacher-student relationship, as well as good and evil, beauty and ugliness, right and wrong and so on.

The second step is to outline the writing, conceive the main plot and design the plot ups and downs. Take the story of the window as an example:

Beginning: Set the characters according to the plot, design how the main characters and secondary characters appear, and use the environmental description appropriately to reproduce the story scene.

Development: describe key events, break the balance of the protagonist's life and arouse the protagonist's desire to restore balance; Through the development of the plot, the unconscious desire is activated and conflicts with the conscious need.

Climax: The protagonist is sent to the road of seeking to satisfy his wishes, and the contradictions and conflicts intensify, presenting a conflict scene.

Ending: Dramatically resolve the conflicts and design an intriguing ending.

The third step is to give full play to reasonable association and imagination, enrich the details of the story and highlight the personality of the characters. Combined with the story of the window, focus on the practice of the climax of the novel, and then explore which details are accurate and vivid, which can express the character characteristics and promote the development of the plot.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Students' writing practice in class.

Six, blackboard writing

Basic requirements for writing stories:

The theme should be clear and typical.

The structure is complete, with a head and a tail

The plot should be tortuous.

Create characters with distinctive personalities.

Lenovo imagination enriches the plot.

The second study situation analysis

Story is a literary genre, focusing on the description of the development process of events, emphasizing the vividness and coherence of the plot, which is more suitable for oral telling.

A good story is a child's most precious spiritual wealth and the warmest romantic partner in childhood. Children grow up listening to stories, or even making up stories. Students in Grade 8, who have read certain literary works, have accumulated quite a lot of stories, and are not even satisfied with reading other people's stories. It is very likely that the seeds of creation are sprouting in their hearts. At this time, teaching students some ways to write stories, stimulating students to expand their imagination and fantasy, and encouraging students to write imaginary things will definitely arouse their enthusiasm for writing.

Design intent

1. Writing in this unit is to learn to write stories and stimulate students' interest and confidence in writing stories through writing training.

2. Play a reasonable imagination and association, and make up a story with complete plot, rich content and vivid characters.

3. Be able to make waves skillfully in the story, making the story full of twists and turns and fascinating.

teaching process

Introduction:

20 12 Nobel Prize in Literature winner mo Yan said:

"I'm a storyteller. I won the Nobel Prize in Literature for telling stories. Many wonderful stories happened after I won the lottery, which made me firmly believe that truth and justice exist. I will continue to tell my story in the years to come. "

We all like reading stories, but writing a good story is not that simple. The stories written by writers are all over the world, recording the ups and downs of the world and describing the joys and sorrows of life. It often makes us intoxicated, makes us think, and even makes many people dream of becoming writers. Today, let's be a story writer! So, how to write a fascinating story?

First, the story leads the way and feels the waves.

Story 1: Pu Songling's Wolf (omitted)

Story 2: lion hunting

Irina's brother Flat and her husband Babu went hunting in Africa.

Soon, she received a telegram from her brother: "Babu was killed while hunting lions." -Wright ".

In grief, Irina called her brother back: "Take his body home." Three weeks later, a big package from Africa arrived, containing the body of a lion. She sent another telegram: "lion received." Brother, please bring back Babu's body. "

I quickly got a reply from Africa: "Yes, Babu is in the lion's belly. -Wright ".

Story 3: Lily in my heart (omitted)

Story 4: "Ji Xiaolan writes birthday poems skillfully"

Qing Qianlong held a birthday party for his mother in Wang Hanlin and asked Ji Xiaolan to make an impromptu birthday speech. Lao Ji didn't refuse, but blurted out in front of a room full of guests: "This woman is not human." Wang Hanlin was very embarrassed when the old lady heard her face change. Lao Ji unhurriedly read the second sentence: "Nine fairies descended to earth." Suddenly the audience became active and praised, and the old lady turned anger into joy. Lao Ji then read the third sentence: "Give birth to a son to be a thief." All the guests became speechless and joy turned into embarrassment. Lao Ji shouted the fourth sentence: "I stole Xiantao and gave it to my mother." Everyone cheered at once.

Second, analyze the story and explore the waves.

Discussion:

1. What are the reasons why these four stories are wonderful?

Students discuss freely and come to the conclusion that there are wonderful plots and skillfully set waves in the story, which can be described as twists and turns, gripping and fascinating, and stimulating readers' interest in reading.

Summary: Their structures conform to the following formula:

Story = wish+waves+ending

2. Analyze, what waves do they have? Fill in the form below.

Students discuss.

3. How are these "waves" set?

Teacher's summary:

They represent four methods:

① Layer-by-layer depth method. The triple waves of "encountering wolves", "fearing wolves" and "resisting wolves" are getting deeper and deeper, and the situation is becoming more and more dangerous and sinister, which has gripped the readers' hearts tightly.

The key to deepening layer by layer is to create an increasingly tense atmosphere, and then the plot suddenly reverses at an appropriate time, even turning the corner and turning defeat into victory.

② Accidental overlapping method. Babu's death was a heavy accident, and it was another accident to receive the lion's body instead of Babu's. Call him and tell him that Babu was in the lion's belly for the third time. There are too many suspense and accidents.

The key to accidental recurrence lies in "coincidence". All the accidents broke out one after another, causing readers to pay close attention to the fate and contradictions of the protagonist, making them anxious to see what will happen next and making the plot of the article full of ups and downs.

③ Obstacle manufacturing method. In the third story, Lily's "looks exactly like weeds" is a subjective obstacle, while weeds ridicule and tease Lily, buzzers and birds persuade Lily to be an objective obstacle. Lily realized her wish and blossomed in the process of overcoming these obstacles.

The key to creating obstacles lies in reasonable imagination, making the appearance of obstacles reasonable and the process of overcoming obstacles sensible.

(4) Clever misunderstanding. The first sentence "This woman is not a person." The first misunderstanding, everyone looked at each other, and his second sentence was "the fairy came down to earth for nine days." Eliminate misunderstanding; The third sentence: "Give birth to a son to be a thief." Is to create a second misunderstanding. When the room was full of petrochemicals, the fourth sentence was "stealing peaches for my mother." The misunderstanding has been solved again.

The key to creating misunderstanding lies in "doing it on purpose". Using time, place and human factors, the misunderstanding between characters is deliberately caused, which makes the article have dramatic effect, adds fuel to the writing, makes the plot confusing and makes readers interesting to read.

Third, practice writing in class and set up waves skillfully.

1. Title display:

Everything we are familiar with may lead to stories. Such as eyes, hair, mouth, such as school bags, school uniforms, mobile phones, military training, tourism, social practice activities, and so on. There must be many places worth digging in these things or things, and there are many unexpected dramatic stories. Please write a composition on the topic "The Story of _ _ _ _ _ _ _". No less than 600 words. Complete the title.

2. Identify a hero, set a wish for him, and then design several waves.

3. Discussion and communication:

Health 1: Topic "The Story of Frog Watching the Sea"

Student 2: The story of going to school.

Student 3, the topic is "The Story of Mei"

……

3. Summary: Writing a story is actually a test of everyone's conception and writing ability. As long as we conceive skillfully, we will be able to write a wonderful story in a limited space.

Fourth, the story shows that the water is full of waves.

Student exercises 1

The story of frogs watching the sea

Back to Lei Yong.

At the foot of a high mountain, there is a shallow pond where a carefree frog lives.

One day, an eagle fell by the pool to drink water. The frog said, "Friend, stay!" " ! Look how good my swimming pool is! "

The eagle looked up and said proudly to the frog, "You frog, have you seen the sea beyond the mountain?"

"The sea, what is that? Can you eat? " The frog asked doubtfully.

"Can you eat? Ha ha ha-the sea is not food! What a big guy! " The eagle smiled at the frog and said, "The sea is endless. When there is no wind, it is like a big blue mirror, reflecting the shadow of white clouds in the sky; When the wind blows, it fluctuates and rolls up countless waves as white as snow. "

The frog listened attentively, imagining the appearance of the sea in his mind. When he just wanted to ask about the sea again, he found that the goshawk had flown away somehow. At night, the frog dreamed of the blue sea, blue waves rippling, beautiful!

Woke up the next day, the frog packed his bags and set off. He must go to see the sea. On the way, I met a goshawk flying very low. The frog shouted to him, "I want to see the sea!" " "

The goshawk laughed, and his feathers kept shaking: "You little frog want to see the sea! Look at that mountain. Do you have wings as big and powerful as mine that can fly over that mountain? Are you going to climb over there? It's ridiculous to rely on your short legs! "

The frog pursed her lips and continued to climb the mountain.

I don't know how long I climbed, but the frog saw a monkey taking a nap in the tree.

The frog asked, "Hello! Hello, monkey! You stand on tall trees all day. Have you ever seen the sea? "

The monkey rubbed his sleepy eyes and said, "I have never seen the sea, but my grandfather told me that he has." He said there were many colorful fish in the sea that he had never seen before. During the day, they swim and play in the sea. In the evening, they will hold a concert at sea! "

The frog sat on the stone steps, holding his face in his hands and looking at the distance with the story of the monkey. He said, "I'm going to see the sea. If only I could see it a day earlier! "

Hearing this, the monkey covered his mouth with laughter and almost fell from the tree. He said sarcastically, "Why did you go?" The mountain is high and the road is far. I am flexible and good at jumping, but I dare not even think about it! Will you go? Stop joking! "

The frog left silently without an excuse.

He continued to jump up the stone steps step by step. He said silently in his heart, don't you believe me? Then I will prove it to you. I will definitely go to see the sea!

Along the way, at first, many small animals laughed at him; Later, everyone thought he must be crazy. In this world, where can a frog climb up the mountain and see the sea? Slowly, no one paid attention to him anymore.

The frog climbed and climbed for several days. Along the way, thirsty, he sucked a few drops of dew on the grass tip; When he was hungry, he caught some mosquitoes by the roadside. Tired, he took a nap under the big tree; When it was cold, he put a leaf on his body. ...

One morning, the frog jumped on a stone in pain, and suddenly he heard a loud noise. He looked up and found that he had climbed to the top of the mountain.

On the other side of the mountain, he saw the sea under the golden light of the morning sun!

Teacher's comment: The story is complete and vivid. The little author gave full play to his association and imagination to write a story, which set many obstacles for the frog and made the plot twists and turns. In this paper, a vivid image is created, and the image is described by language, action and expression in the text.

Student exercise 2

The story of going to school

Frant Gwo

Everyone has his own little story. Today I will tell you a short story about my school.

After school on Wednesday, my mother took me to grandpa's house in Luqiao town. My mother is going out to work, so I asked my grandfather to take me to school. Grandpa is full of stubble, and a shiny copper tube has never left his hand. When he sees me, his eyes always show love.

Grandpa is all right, except that he is a little slow. The next morning, I woke up and saw that it was already half past six. I jumped out of bed, dressed in a hurry and called my grandfather in a hurry. Grandpa unhurriedly put on his clothes, sat on the bed, lit his dry cigarette pot, and prepared to enjoy his "wake-up smoke". I quickly brushed my teeth and washed my face, and then watched my grandfather smoke slowly. I quickly said, "Grandpa, hurry up!" " I'm late for school! "Grandpa just picked up speed and started the tricycle. I quickly jumped on the bus and prayed not to be late!

Sitting in the car, the tricycle ran quickly to school. But I always feel that something is missing, but I just can't remember it. I checked my schoolbag again, only to find that I forgot my glasses! Grandpa quickly turned around and went home. I ran into the bedroom and took my glasses. As soon as I looked at the time, my cold sweat came down in an instant. It has been fifteen minutes!

Grandpa said there was no hurry. Here we go again. When we were halfway, the car suddenly stopped. Grandpa got off to check, the car ran out of gas! Fortunately, there is a gas station not far away. I jumped out of the car and pushed the cart with grandpa. At ordinary times, the car that runs like lightning is very heavy at this time! I tried my best in the back, and grandpa bent his body in front before pushing the car to the gas station. Finally, I refueled smoothly. Look at the time, it's almost seven o'clock! I'm about to cry. Grandpa said it was too late, so I jumped in the car and ran to school.

Finally, I arrived at school. Except for a few students who are checking the hygiene, there is basically no one on campus. I ran out of breath to the door of the classroom and heard my classmates recite the text neatly. I cried out "Report" with trepidation, only to see the head teacher turn around from the podium, and his sharp eyes swept my face. My heart is about to jump into my throat. This is terrible. He must punish me! Who knows that the class teacher looked at me for a few seconds and just said, "Come early next time, and you will be late in a few minutes." I nodded and said yes, and then walked into the classroom.

As soon as I sat in my seat, I heard a melodious voice on the radio: "Students, a new day has begun again ..."

I'm finally relieved that I'm not late!

Teacher's comment: This story is really full of surprises and ups and downs. Reading is gripping and fascinating, and people can't help but follow the little author and feel anxious all the way, which stimulates readers' interest in reading.

Student exercise 3

The story of virtue

a surname

According to legend, winter is a pure white season, with no gorgeous colors and flowers, and it is all white everywhere.

In this pure white season, there is a kind of tree that can't bloom. She will only bring a little green to the pure white world when winter comes. But she has a dream in her heart: it is good to blossom like other trees, even if it can't bear fruit and only blossom, adding a fragrance to the world!

The beautiful tree elf looked everywhere for someone who could make her blossom. She found the land god, who smiled and smoothed her gray beard and said, "I only care about whether the soil is fertile or not." Although I sometimes help others, I won't let you blossom. " Try the goddess of the four seasons. Maybe she can help you. "

The tree elf bid farewell to the land god and looked for the goddess of the four seasons hopefully. When she found the goddess of the four seasons, I saw her playing with one of her pure white pet tigers, Bai Yin. The goddess of the four seasons saw the tree elf with a warm smile on her face and asked, "What's wrong with you? What can I do for you? " The tree elf said hopefully, "Goddess, can you make me blossom?" No matter what I pay! "The goddess' face is very dignified. She said: "I only care about the four seasons, regardless of plants." After listening to her words, the tree elf suddenly felt a sense of loss. "Maybe you can try your luck with the flower fairy, and I'll let her know." The tree elf bid farewell to the goddess and fell asleep laughing at night.

The next day, the tree elf arrived at the flower fairy's residence-Huahai early in the morning. It's an ocean of flowers! All kinds of flowers are blooming, so beautiful! Colorful petals are floating in the air, and a breeze brings intoxicating fragrance. The tree elf looks at those blooming flowers and is envious! But on second thought, I found the flower fairy today, and she will make herself blossom! Deep in the sea of flowers, the flower fairy was pruning branches and leaves. She saw the tree spirit, put down her things and said with a smile, "Are you the spirit that the goddess of the four seasons said would bloom?" The tree elf nodded: "Please! Will you help me blossom? " "All right. I can help you, but there are flowers in all three seasons, only winter is left, so you can only bloom in the severe winter and suffer from the poor winter wind. Will you? " Hearing this, the tree elf bowed his head and thought for a moment, then raised his head with a firm light in his eyes and said, "I do!" " "The flower fairy picked up a colorful flower and gently ordered a little for her. Say, "Go home! You will blossom in winter in the future! "

Since then, in the cold winter when everything is dying, there is always a tree with crystal-clear flowers and a refreshing fragrance. In this winter, no matter how cold the weather is, people will brave the heavy snow and follow the fragrance to find flowers that bloom in winter.

People gave her a beautiful name-Mei.

Teacher's comment: The story is complete in structure and clear in meaning. Rich association and imagination increase the vividness and faltering of the story.