Characteristics of Renaissance Works of Art

Renaissance art has a remarkable feature: realism and humanism. Most Renaissance creations revolve around this theme. This includes people's senses, people's beliefs, people's sexual desire and people's world outlook. The works of this period all require breaking feudal theocracy and feudal asceticism. Break the feudal system's blockade of human spirit and even body. Most of the works in this period are mainly religious, and many comments say that religion is used as a shield. I object to this statement. Anyone who knows a little about the western world knows that religious beliefs occupy a large part of their lives in the west. In the final analysis, the religious art of the Renaissance can be said to be a kind of human religious art, not the religious art of the church under the feudal system. This point should be made clear first.

The characteristics of artistic techniques in the Renaissance are mainly reflected in the creation of expressive techniques based on scientific theory and practical investigation, such as human anatomy and perspective rules. Pay more attention to the harmony and naturalness of colors in style and technique, and don't stick to one model. In terms of architectural art, it takes the restoration of classical architectural tradition as the primary task and pays attention to the rational law of architectural aesthetic feeling.

The stage of Renaissance and its main representatives;

The beginning of the Italian Renaissance (the end of 13-the first half of14): This period is the stage for artists to explore new artistic spirit and elements. At this time, the art is still immature and has not yet formed an idealized norm, but it can reflect the artist's pursuit of new artistic techniques. How to reflect the content on the screen more truly? It became the focus of Italian artists at that time. So they began to study ancient sculptures, Greek and Roman painting styles, and formed a new realistic style. The person who had a decisive influence on this new style was the Florentine painter giotto di bondone1266-1337; His representative works include: Escape to Egypt, judas kiss, etc. Giotto is regarded as the pioneer of western painting. He was the first artist to combine realistic style with light and shade techniques, and took a key step in painting. In addition, he combined beautiful narration with faithful observation, so that painting is no longer a simple text description and has independent significance. However, it is undeniable that Giotto, as an explorer in the early Renaissance, is still naive in composition space, color processing and even contrast between light and shade. But as a pioneer of history, Giotto's influence on later generations is still affirmed by the world.

Early Italian Renaissance Art (15th century): The process of early Italian Renaissance art constitutes a very complicated scene. This is a period in which many regional art schools were born and flourished, reflecting a period in which various ideological trends actively influenced and struggled with each other. In this era of contending research, they pay attention to spatial perspective and three-dimensional modeling of characters, and make good use of lines. The three most famous masters are architect brunelleschi, sculptor Donatello and painter Ma Saqiao. Here we mainly introduce the painter Ma Saqiao. Ma Saqiao Ma Saqiao (1401-1428), whose masterpieces include Out of Heaven and Taxable Money. Ma Saqiao's artistic achievement marks the arrival of the prosperous period of Italian Renaissance painting. He was the founder of realistic painting in the Renaissance. Ma Saqiao applied the knowledge of anatomy and perspective to painting in the spirit of scientific exploration. Its character Bicciotto is more real and powerful, and he is also the first Renaissance painter to master perspective, the first person to show the human body structure under clothing lines, and the first person to widely use the contrast between light and shade. Ma Saqiao also incorporated mountains and rivers into his works, making them magnificent, generalized and true. He used the scenery to expand the scope of the picture and gave it a broad sense of space. His contribution, on the one hand, is to describe and portray the picture (character) more realistically with a scientific attitude, on the other hand, it is to coordinate the scenery with the character and bring out the best in each other. This laid a solid foundation for the arrival of the climax of the Renaissance.

Art in the heyday of the Italian Renaissance (65438+the first half of the 6th century): The Renaissance is the heyday of the Italian Renaissance. At this time, due to various social and political reasons, artists are no longer satisfied with their personal skills and crafts. The competition encourages them to explore extensively in leading cities of natural science, culture and art and strive for greater achievements. They generalized and summarized on the basis of previous artists' exploration, which made the art reach a highly mature and perfect state at the beginning of16th century. Not only did the theme expand from religious content to real life, but they also began to pay attention to natural scenery, and their images were more perfect, with more complex personality and psychological needs. If artists in the early Renaissance mainly explored scientific laws such as perspective and anatomy, then the masters in their heyday were no longer restricted by these laws, but paid more attention to visual effects and explored the drama and new artistic language of their works. It can be said that thriving art is the perfect combination of art and science. Many classic masters appeared in this period, such as Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, bramante and Titian. They not only developed their artistic skills to an unprecedented height, but also made immortal contributions to the construction of artistic theory. Da Vinci (1452- 15 19) is selected as the main introduction object, and his representative works include Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. Leonardo da Vinci's genius is not limited to art, but also includes mathematics, mechanical engineering, medicine, geology and so on. In art, Leonardo da Vinci summed up the research achievements of artists in the15th century, and made great achievements in painting composition, light and shade, perspective and color. His most unique artistic language is the use of light and shadow to create a three-dimensional plane image. Leonardo da vinci once said: "The greatest miracle of painting is to make a flat painting look uneven." He used the principle of light change of a sphere to create the light-shade transfer method (also known as gradient light-shade method), that is, the transition from light to dark in an image is continuous, like smoke, without obvious boundaries. Mona Lisa is a model of this painting method. The magic of The Last Supper lies in the master's grasp of the characters' expressions in the picture, which is a pioneering work in history. In the past, no matter how the composition and the skill of the picture were, the portrayal of the characters' expressions always seemed rigid and inflexible. The master made this historic pioneering work because of his profound understanding of human anatomy, his mastery of human facial expressions and muscle activities, and his profound understanding of human anatomy and human proportions. In addition, Leonardo da Vinci also had many outstanding views on art theory. He thinks that painting is superior to any other art, because it contains everything in the world, and the painter's heart can truly reflect the world like a mirror, turning the universe into a second nature. It can be said that Leonardo da Vinci is not only one of the most outstanding representatives in the whole Renaissance, but also one of the most outstanding representatives in the world art history.

There is another great artist: Michelangelonarotti1475-1564. In the past, Nobel Prize in Literature winner romain rolland gave a profound description of Michelangelo's life in Biography of the Three Giants. As a master in the heyday of the Renaissance, apart from his outstanding genius and achievements, what distinguishes him from others is the tragic color in his life (this is introduced in detail in Romano Roland's three biographies of giants, so I won't mention it here). He experienced the ups and downs of his life and the indifference of the world, which made his works have dramatic effect, magnificent momentum and tragic human nature. His sculptures include David and Moses, and his paintings include Genesis and Doomsday Judgment. In his two classic murals, the changeability and majestic momentum of the characters are a remarkable feature. But even so, the story expressed by each character is still fragmentary. It fully shows the personality characteristics of the characters themselves, and there are many without chaos.