What preparations does physical education class have for preparing lessons?

(From the Internet) It can be said that there are two levels to prepare for a physical education class. The first level-preparing for a lifetime, the second level-preparing lessons directly before class, specifically what the teacher should do in a class; The so-called concept of preparing lessons for life is what a teacher can give students in the process of education. The teaching process is actually the display of teachers' personality, which means an overall performance of your personal personality accomplishment and professional knowledge. At this time, teachers have a concept of preparing lessons for life, which is the difference between teachers' profession and other professions, and it is also what teachers need to think about often. Lesson preparation story 1 There is a very famous PE teacher named Yang Xin in our country. He is a very famous PE teacher in Tianjin, and he is very famous in China. There was a very famous film called Li Siguang in 1950s and 1960s, and Li Siguang was a very famous geologist in our country. After watching the movie, he was inspired to design a game for students, called Little Investigation Team. This small survey team connected all the activities of geologists in the film, including the basic motor ability of the body, such as walking, running, jumping, climbing, throwing and so on, and made great progress. He didn't prepare for a class. Lesson preparation story 2 Another example is about a Ukrainian teacher who had a very beautiful history lesson. Not only the students are fascinated, but also the teachers in class are fascinated. This class is great. After class, a teacher told him that your class was so good that it really opened our eyes. This course must have taken a long time. How long did it take? So well prepared? The teacher said something that should make us feel deeply. He said, "Tell the truth! Do you want to ask me how long this class took? It may only take half an hour to prepare for this course directly, but I study almost every day and accumulate it every day, so if you ask me, I prepare almost every day. " The above two stories are all about preparing lessons. In fact, preparing lessons for physical education teachers is not only called preparing lessons when facing this class directly, but also requires deep accumulation before that. With a very good accumulation, with the improvement of teachers' literacy, they may be able to prepare for class with an overall understanding of students. These are all preparations for class, of course, not how to prepare when facing this class directly. Combined with the above examples, talk about how to prepare lessons step by step. 1. Preparing lessons for the goal is classroom design. At present, both physical education and physical education teaching magazines in China pay attention to teaching design, and design is preparing lessons. Nowadays, many people simplify preparing lessons and think that there is only one textbook and teaching content, and there is no other connotation. In fact, PE teachers should regard preparing lessons as a relationship. If we regard all the teaching contents as an independent element, then this classroom teaching. On the contrary, we should expand it outward. Teachers must have a sense of goal orientation when designing classes. In these six classes, their goals are very clear, and they can basically implement the goal design in every teaching detail. Many factors must be considered when designing. The first element is the goal. First of all, we should think about what we want to achieve in preparing lessons. Design, combine and create with this goal as the center. Everything revolves around this center. When preparing lessons, there are the previous class, the next class and the content of the unit, which may be the first class or the last class. But what role does this course play in the whole unit teaching? What kind of goal should be achieved? The more specific and clear the goal, the more feasible it is. Content design may be more targeted and effective. From the preparation of the whole class, the first is the design of the class, and the goal should be very clear and specific. This is a faucet. Grasp this faucet, and our whole direction may not be biased. After entering the new curriculum reform for so many years, we can see some situations by reading lesson plans and communicating. The curriculum standard mentions the goals in several major fields, and the goals of these courses are all-encompassing and well written. It seems that it is impossible not to write. Because the goal is too comprehensive, there are the following problems. First, the goal setting doesn't match the content selection behind it, so it can't be matched. Among the five domain objectives of the curriculum standard, the classroom objective must be the concretization of the curriculum standard objective system. 2. Some teachers set vague goals. Is to see the target and not know to what extent. I don't know what to do and I don't know what to do. Students only have a vague understanding of what the teacher will do in this class. He Laoshi's study goal in this class is very clear. There is no one-sided pursuit in everything. It is impossible for a class to achieve all the goals in detail. He Laoshi's teaching plan is clear, students can control the landing and rebound height of the ball when dribbling on the road, and can dribble quickly 15 meters without losing the ball. Students will know what the goal of this course is, which is very clear. Although the teaching goal of He Laoshi is three points, it is very practical, very operable and very clear. It should be said that the setting of teaching objectives has given us a lot of inspiration. When preparing the goal, there is a basic work to do. Is it possible to achieve the goal and see the basis for achieving it? You should consider your actual conditions, as well as the conditions of equipment and venues, and then what kind of psychological characteristics students have. Is your professional ability enough to teach this thing? Therefore, the analysis of teaching facts is also very important, so preparing the goal is a process of solving problems. This problem is actually to deal with the conflict between what I want to teach and whether you can implement it, so that we can design a teaching plan and the relationship between its content and form. Therefore, Mr. Pan once said in an article: "Teaching design is not afraid of unexpected, but afraid of impossible", which left a deep impression on us. Physical education is a man-made process, and it is a man-made intervention in students' learning process. In this sense, what kind of goals are set will take students where. In reality, where are the most common problems of front-line physical education teachers? The most common problem is that the goal belongs to the goal and the teaching belongs to the teaching. That is, the normal design itself is not the overall design, which is called "jigsaw puzzle". The beginning, foundation and ending are mostly the third, and the basic part is also the third, that is, explanation, demonstration, practice and so on. This is not a design, this is a pure patchwork, and now we emphasize why the target point, that is, I am not designed like this, I must be clear about what I want to do in this class and to what extent. Perhaps in this process, He Laoshi's own story and his class have shown that the students have done it, so his goal setting is reasonable, realistic and achievable. Of course, it is certainly not difficult to achieve, and the requirements are not high. It should be achieved by students through certain efforts. In this sense, preparing lessons actually holds the bull by the nose, that is, whether the design of learning objectives is scientific, reasonable, effective and achievable. In fact, there is one thing that cannot be avoided when preparing the goal, that is, the student foundation, and of course there are other conditions. More often, when preparing lessons, PE teachers are most afraid of having textbooks in their eyes and no students in their hearts, which is not good. Now preparing lessons, it needs to be emphasized that there must be students in your eyes and heart. He Laoshi's design thought also pointed out that in order to understand the physical and mental characteristics and * * * characteristics of junior two students, it is of course best to further improve the personality of the class. The whole teaching preparation is invalid without students' preparation, because there is no loss, the means are effective, the students are effective, not generally ineffective. It is possible that some PE teachers will make inferences based on their own experience. For example, what does a junior two student usually look like? Unless he has experience, this may happen. What do students tend to do? What kind of mistakes are students prone to make in designing teaching? What is his concept of intentional prevention? Knowing what are the common mistakes, I will make preventive measures here. The premise is the students' understanding. 2. How to prepare students and get to know them better is a science. In fact, teaching is a process of interaction between teachers and students. If a teacher lacks a better understanding of his students, his teaching will go wrong. Physical education teacher, only when students are present can your classroom education value be highlighted. Therefore, in the usual teaching process, under normal circumstances, teachers should communicate with students. Talk to the students to find out their recent physical condition. Or ask if you did a lot of training during the holiday. Or go back to school after a long vacation, whether there is any change in physical psychology, and fully understand the students from the psychological and physical qualities. Obviously, students' understanding can be divided into normal understanding and pre-class understanding, which is necessary. Of course, paying attention to students and analyzing students are not only skills, but also basketball lessons. How much is the student's basketball foundation before class? Whether it is a junior one student or a junior two student, his foundation is different. This school is different from that one, even the classes are different from this one. These factors should be considered when designing teaching methods. In addition to these skills and techniques, team consciousness (style of study, class style) may also be considered. Style of study, class style, personality characteristics and team consciousness, this class is relatively United, this class is not United enough, the whole style of study is relatively upward, and some styles of study are relatively loose, which may require us to understand, otherwise the actual design will have a different impact on the following things, and even it is very important that students will have diseases. This is the first class of each semester, and PE teachers are usually very serious. All PE teachers should pay attention to students' sports performance after one year old. Of course, when preparing lessons, teachers can invite students to the office to chat, understand students' needs, and invite students to design practice activities, such as what kind of learning and practice methods students like to adopt in basketball class. Sometimes students' ideas are better and more than teachers'. We not only understand the students' foundation, but also their needs and even their needs. In fact, what we say will appear in our teaching. We should pay more attention to students and understand them. Only in this context can we better educate students and achieve better development. In this sense, understanding students should occupy a very important position in physical education class's lesson preparation. Only in this way can teaching be based on science, rationality and safety. Getting to know students is a very active activity, which can help PE teachers reduce their burden. An influential PE teacher will be surrounded by a group of fans. These students are the best resources for physical education teachers, helping them to prepare venues and equipment. Not only that, students will also put forward many valuable suggestions for teachers' teaching. Professor Pan once wrote an article "Can you name the students?" The owner of the article is Victor Ma, a teacher from No.2 Middle School in Kailuan, Hebei Province. He performed very well in class. A very big activity in Hebei Province was very successful and really good. Finally, other teachers learn from him. Q: Why are you doing so well in class? Do you have any suggestions? He said that one of the main reasons is that he knows the students. Therefore, the head teachers of those classes feel incredible. Teacher Victor Ma has such a skill that he can call out students' names in every class he teaches. Moreover, the class teacher can't figure it out. Later, he told us that this experience is to tell us that calling out students' names actually brings students closer to each other, makes them feel close to each other, and makes them cooperate with teachers in class. If the PE teacher shouts like this in class, the number 15 ... is too far, and the teachers don't know. But if you say' Zhang Jun'! Students will feel very surprised-the teacher knows me and students will feel very close. From the students' point of view, most of them are educated. Of course, our big problem now is large scale, large number of people and many classes. However, PE teachers should at least try to be close to students. So in this respect, instead of spending a lot of time preparing textbooks, it is better to pay attention to students at the same time. Only when the relationship between teachers and students is tacit can classroom teaching have a teaching process, otherwise, it will be difficult to advance the teaching process. Therefore, this point is particularly emphasized in the new curriculum concept. In the past, teachers' textbooks and students' textbooks were emphasized, and now teachers' students are emphasized. In the Spark Training of American trainers in China, the trainers prepared many small cards before class and distributed them to all participants on the spot. They gave them to you in a very pious and respectful way, so please accept him. After receiving his card, he will say thank you in English very sincerely. In a short period of time, this small action has narrowed the distance between everyone and the trainer on the other side of the ocean and effectively cultivated the sense of closeness with the participants. The trainer's actions have given us profound enlightenment. PE teachers should pay more attention to students when preparing lessons, because only by paying more attention to students, knowing more about students and getting closer to students can teachers prepare lessons better and have better teaching effects. This is a very important aspect that cannot be ignored. 3. Preparation of content-organization-method In addition to preparing objectives and students, the preparation of content, organization and method is also extremely important. It is difficult to talk about the content without organization and methods, but it is the right way to talk about it comprehensively. The basketball class designed by He Laoshi turned it into an activity, a rope pulling activity. This is actually an organizational method, allowing students to dribble in various ways. Therefore, when preparing lessons, you must not simply explain 12345 and demonstrate 12345. If you do this, you will lose the concept of activity. For the whole teaching process, it is not enough to just explain and demonstrate. Do a good job in the whole teaching process and teaching design, and the design of process and explanation must be targeted. In view of the key and difficult points in our class, we can't do some activities without them, and the final effect will definitely be bad, and students don't know where the goals and key points are. Of course, as far as a class is concerned, the finiteness of time is related to the infinity of mastering the goal, which is always contradictory, so the finiteness of time and the infinity of the goal should also match. Without this, classroom teaching will be ineffective or inefficient, and without specific goals to accomplish it, it will fall into a quagmire of aimlessness. When designing the teaching process, PE teachers should consider interest and pay more attention to effectiveness. Physical education teachers should show their teaching wisdom in teaching. Physical education teachers have accumulated some experience in long-term teaching. When they reach a certain level, they will show their own teaching characteristics. Teaching should also design teaching strategies. How to make students learn? At present, activity-based learning is popular in China, which is more obvious than other disciplines in physical education class. Activity-based learning is actually to stimulate students' interest, which can be superimposed through different activities. Teaching is not only to complete a fixed task, but also to let students experience the charm of activities. Just like the popular outward bound sports, participants need to share their experiences in the activities. On the other hand, our teaching content is often monotonous and purely technical. For activity design, we should pay attention to how students practice and experience communication, not just the practice process. In the past, it was not enough to focus only on whether students' skills were completed. In He Laoshi's basketball dribbling design, the role of sports backbones is considered in the process of activities, so that backbones can be separated from other students to show their differences from others, which will affect others' self-confidence and self-esteem, promote students and play a helpful role. This kind of teaching has influence on other people and team leaders, because each individual is a part of the collective, and it may have little influence on team leaders alone, but the influence on the team can not be ignored, and the team has enhanced its value. The cultivation of this sense of responsibility actually comes from the design of activities, and it is also very important for classroom teaching. The design of teaching activities must not be one-sided, thinking that the task is to impart knowledge to students and simply hand over technology to students. The design of teaching activities should pay attention to effective classroom design and expand teaching objectives by using teaching content. Teachers' guidance to students should be: instilling lightly, not just imparting knowledge to students; Restart the development, introduce your own learning experience to students, seek guidance and construction, and build effective classroom teaching. There are many differences between physical education teaching and other disciplines. Physical education teaching is not to know objective phenomena, but to know people themselves. Its development lies not in objective facts, but in changing people themselves. In the whole design process, the objects, means and goals should be reflected in me, so the curriculum design at this time has reason to better face our students. For this point, it is worthy of physical education teachers' thinking. Physical education teaching is really different from other subjects. Only by designing can we better base ourselves on students, face students, serve students and develop students. This is what PE teachers should do. 4. Reserve resources In physical education teaching, the preparation of teaching materials, venues and equipment is called "reserve resources". Physical education curriculum resources are not targeted. The first point of physical education curriculum resources is that as long as it is conducive to the realization of curriculum objectives, all resources that are conducive to students' realization of curriculum objectives can be used. For example, do you need to use rubber bands in basketball teaching? But we set a goal for the students, which is to dribble the ball quickly and put the ball on our own side. How can I dribble quickly? At what height can I transport quickly? How high should the rubber band be raised when setting goals? Such a series of things, called the utilization and development of site resources, are conducive to the progress of this course. Without the participation of rubber bands, the classroom effect may not be so good. In the past, we called it "preparing teaching materials and venues". Equipment is a dead concept, while resources are a living concept. At present, we tend to use the concept of resources. The rubber band is used several times, which shows that one thing is multi-purpose and one thing is used skillfully, so that students can achieve the purpose of exercising. How to make full use of classroom resources is the most important task in the classroom now. Many schools have said: "It's not that I don't want to do well, but that there is no venue and equipment", so it is necessary for physical education teachers to do this work better. In the teaching of ball games, the ball not only has technical expansibility, but also can be carried as common equipment, such as one basketball, two basketballs and so on. In the process of handling, there are also points of one-person handling and multi-person handling. As a single ball, it can not only roll but also bounce, and these resources can be used. For example, rolling a ball can roll one or two balls, so we should expand our thinking, such as the confrontation between two people and other events. Of course, in addition to materialized resources, there are many intangible fleeting resources. The mistakes made by students in class are also a kind of resource. For example, a teacher in Nantong Middle School used the measures that should be taken in class with the help of an accident. A classmate at the scene said the word "entrust" for the teacher to use and let the students perform whatever they want. However, this classmate's performance caused an uproar in the classroom. The teacher inspires us that you can entrust yourself or other things, so impromptu guidance makes students aware of their own thinking deviations, mistakes or limitations. To sum up, resources can be site-specific or content-specific, which requires physical education teachers to fully tap what they have in teaching. We can't just talk about basketball in the fixed basketball frame of the standard basketball court. For those schools with only one basketball court, the teaching density is difficult to meet. In this way, the school can make up 10~20 basketball baskets with different heights with the help of ropes, which can be used for basketball shooting practice and even for dunking. This example inspires us to use one thing skillfully and use one thing for multiple purposes, which is also wonderful. Further extension, physical education teachers can also create some resources. If this is the case, in school sports, only the problem of venue equipment is "if you want, you can do it". Its premise is not that we don't have all the resources, but that one thing is multi-purpose, one thing is used skillfully and one thing is used ten times. There are many alternative resources, such as rope, rubber band and hula hoop. Emphasize that the current concept of curriculum resources is physical education class. There are many students, and the venue equipment is insufficient. The most obvious problem is that students' practice density is generally low, students' sports skills have not been mastered, and their physical fitness has not been developed. It's definitely wrong to attribute all the students' health problems to physical education class or the PE teacher. However, our physical education class should make due contributions to improving students' sports skills and physical fitness. Junior high school students should attend at least three classes of physical education class every week, and we should also pay attention to such a thing. The development and utilization of curriculum resources can be fully considered when preparing lessons. 5. The lesson preparation teacher should prepare himself, prepare his mind, prepare the content to be talked about, prepare the content to be demonstrated, and prepare the factors of good people. A physical education teacher is both a conditional resource and a content resource. The so-called content resource itself means that I am not only a condition for a good class. In fact, I am, that is, I stand in class, how well I demonstrate my movements, and the way I speak is an influence on students. So in this sense, we should make our own preparations at the end of preparing lessons. If we say so, we can do all these things. Our physical education class is ready for this, and a good physical education class is just around the corner. 3. This lecture makes a targeted discussion on He Laoshi's lessons, involving how to prepare lessons, from the goal to the content, the design of the whole process, the development and utilization of resources, etc. Generally speaking, the discussion is full, and the key lies in how we correctly understand it, which is very important.