What activities were carried out in agriculture during the first and second five-year plans of New China?

1950 On June 30th, the Central People's Government promulgated the Land Reform Law of the People's Republic of China according to the new situation after the liberation of the whole country, announcing that "the land ownership exploited by the landlord class will be abolished throughout the country, and farmers' land ownership will be implemented, so as to liberate rural productive forces, develop agricultural production and open the way for the industrialization of new China", and stipulating the principles and methods of land confiscation, requisition and distribution. The land reform law changed the past policy of collecting surplus land and property of rich peasants into the policy of preserving rich peasants' economy, so as to better isolate landlords, protect middle peasants and small land lessors, stabilize the national bourgeoisie and facilitate the early recovery and development of production. By the end of 1952, more than 300 million landless peasants had obtained land and other means of production free of charge, truly becoming the masters of the land and being liberated. The land problem that has plagued farmers in China for thousands of years has finally been completely solved under the leadership of the China Production Party. Farmers' enthusiasm for production has been greatly improved, which has liberated rural productive forces, accelerated the recovery and development of the national economy, and effectively supported the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. The basic tasks of the "Second Five-Year Plan" put forward in the "Proposal" are: to continue the industrial construction centered on heavy industry, promote the technological transformation of the national economy, and lay a solid foundation for China's socialist industrialization; Continue to complete socialist transformation, consolidate and expand collective ownership and ownership by the whole people; On the basis of developing capital construction and continuing to complete socialist transformation, further develop industrial, agricultural and handicraft production, and develop transportation and commerce accordingly; Strive to cultivate architectural talents and strengthen scientific research; On the basis of developing industrial and agricultural production, strengthen national defense and improve people's material and cultural life. The main indicators determined in the five years are: the total industrial and agricultural output value 1962 is about 75% higher than the original plan 1957, the total industrial output value is about 1 times, the total agricultural output value is about 35%, and the steel output reaches1050-120,000 tons. Cotton is about 48 million tons, the total capital investment is about 1 times higher than the first five-year plan, and the national income ratio is 50% higher than 1957. Compared with the "proposal" put forward in 1956, the output of many important industrial and agricultural products, such as steel, cement, grain, cotton, etc. , far below the prescribed indicators except raw coal, oil and power generation. 1961From late August to mid-September, the Central Committee held a working meeting in Lushan and decided to continue to implement the policy of "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement" for another three years (1963- 1965).