Who is better than Mozi or Lu Ban?_

Mozi was relatively more powerful

Lu Ban, also known as Gongshu Pan, was a famous inventor during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and was respected as the "ancestor" by later generations of carpenters. Today there is an idiom "a classmate is dancing with an ax", which means that those who show off their skills in front of experts and do not know their own abilities are like dancing with an ax in front of Luban. It can be seen that Lu Ban was a top talent at that time. But there was one person who dared to play tricks on "Ban" and convinced Lu Ban to lose. Who was it? That was Mozi, the founder of the Mohist school in the pre-Qin period. The rivalry between Mozi and Luban has a long history.

1. In fact, it was Lu Ban who first challenged Mozi. Once, Mozi was doing an experiment to develop an "aircraft". "Mozi made a wooden kite, which took three years to build and flew to pieces in one day." , said teacher, you are really good at making something out of wood that can fly in the sky. But Mozi said: "This bird took me three years to fly, and it only flew for one day before falling down. It is not as good as the chariot hatch I made before, which can be made in one morning with a foot-long piece of wood." , can carry a load of thirty stones, and will not fall apart for a long time.” Probably Mozi no longer developed "aircraft", but concentrated on improving the means of transportation on the ground. Lu Ban knew this and thought, the opportunity has finally come. So I also cut bamboo and wood to make a magpie (how long did it take? I don't know), and it flew into the sky and did not fall down for three days. Gongshu Pan thinks it is very exquisite and shows off it everywhere. So Mozi said to Gongshupan: "The magpie you made is not as good as the pin on the axle that we craftsmen are making now. In a moment, it can be whittled into a three-inch piece of wood, which can carry fifty stones. What we usually do is: If it is good for people, it can be called exquisite; if it is not good for people, it is called clumsy." (See "Mozi - Lu Wen") [1] - This is the first contest between Lu Ban and Mozi.

2. Once, Lu Ban traveled south from the State of Lu to the State of Chu, and began to plan to make "hook" and "set" equipment for ship warfare weapons. When the enemy ship retreated, he would use the hook to catch it. When a ship attacks, use the inlay to push it back. Luban accurately calculated the lengths of hooks and inlays and made suitable weapons. The weapons of the Chu people are suitable, but the weapons of the Yue people are not suitable. With this advantage, the Chu people defeated the Yue people many times. Gongshu Pan then praised his dexterity in making hooks and inlays, and told Mozi: "I have hooks and inlays made by myself for the ship battle. I wonder if what you call 'yi' also has hooks and inlays?" Mozi replied. : "My righteous hooks and hooks are better than those of your ship battles. I use 'righteousness' as my hook and hook, hook with love, and reject with respect. If you don't use the hook of love, you won't kiss, and you don't need to refuse with respect." It is easy to be scornful, and if you are scornful and not close, you will soon be separated. Therefore, love each other and respect each other, so as to benefit each other. Now if you use a hook to stop others, others will also use a hook to stop you; if you use a hook to push others away, People will also use hooks to reject you. They hook and reject each other, so they harm each other. Therefore, my righteous hooks and hooks are better than others (see "Mozi - Lu Wen"). This is the second point between Lu Ban and Mozi. Lu Ban is so angry, Mo Zi, aren’t you singing a high tune? Can’t you be more practical? Lu Ban is determined to compete with Mo Zi.

3. Lu Ban is the leader of the Chu Kingdom A technological achievement, a cutting-edge weapon, the "cloud ladder" was developed, which was specially used to attack the city. After the ladder was built, it was immediately put into practice and prepared to use it to attack the Song Dynasty in the famous "Stop Chu and Attack Song Dynasty". The story unfolded here: Mozi heard about it, so he left Qi and walked for ten days and nights to the capital of Ying, Chu, where he met Gongshupan and asked him, "Sir, what advice can you give me?" Mozi said: "There is a person in the north who bullies me, and I would like to use you to kill him. "Gongshu Pan was not happy. Mozi said: "I am willing to give you ten pieces of gold. Gongshu Pan said: "I uphold justice and will never kill anyone." Mozi stood up, bowed to Gongshu Pan again, and said, "Please tell me this righteousness." I heard in the north that you built a ladder and will use it to attack the Song Dynasty. What crime did Song have? Chu had extra land but insufficient population. Now, sacrificing the insufficient population and plundering the surplus land cannot be regarded as wisdom. Attacking the Song State without committing any crime cannot be said to be benevolent. Knowing this and not arguing cannot be called loyalty.

Arguing without results cannot be considered strong. If you pursue righteousness and do not kill one person, but kill many people, you cannot be said to be a wise person. "Gongshu Pan was convinced by his words. Mozi asked him again: "Then, why don't you cancel the attack on Song Dynasty?" Gongshu Pan said: "No. I have already told the King of Chu. Mozi said, "Why don't you introduce me to the King of Chu?" Gongshu Pan said, "Okay." Mozi met the King of Chu and said: "Now there is a man here who abandons his gorgeous silk fabrics, but his neighbor has a coarse cloth jacket, but he plans to steal it; he abandons his delicious food, and his neighbor only has chaff, but he plans to steal it. . What kind of person is this?" King Chu replied: "This person must be suffering from theft disease. Mozi said: "The area of ??the Chu State has a radius of five thousand miles; the area of ??the Song State has a radius of five hundred miles. This is like comparing a float with a dilapidated cart." The Chu State has Yunmeng Daze, which is full of rhinoceros, Si, and elk. The fish, turtles, turtles, and turtles in the Yangtze River and Han River are the richest in the world. However, the Song State does not even have pheasants, rabbits, and foxes. This is like a delicacy. Compared with chaff. The Chu State has giant pine, catalpa, nan, camphor and other valuable timber; the Song State does not even have a single big tree, which is like comparing gorgeous silk fabrics with coarse cloth short clothes. Judging from these three aspects, I think the Chu State's attack on the Song State is the same type of person with theft disease. I think your Majesty, if you do this, you will definitely harm morality, but you cannot occupy the Song Dynasty. "The king of Chu said: "What you said is very good! However, Gongshu Pan has already built a ladder for me, and I must conquer the Song Dynasty. " So he called Gongshu Pan to meet again. Mozi took off his belt and surrounded it like a city, using small pieces of wood as defensive equipment. Gongshu Pan nine times displayed ingenious and versatile tools for attacking the city, and Mozi arrived nine times. Gongshupan rejected his attack. The offensive equipment was exhausted, and Mozi's defensive tactics were still there. Gongshupan was frustrated, but he said: "I know how to deal with you, but I won't tell you." Mozi said, "I already know how to deal with you, but I won't tell you." "The king of Chu asked why. Mozi replied: "Gongshu Pan only means to kill me. Kill me and Song will have no one to defend and can attack. However, my disciple Qin Huali and other two hundred people were already waiting for the Chu invading army in the capital of Song, holding the weapons I used to defend the emperor. Even if you kill me, the defenders cannot be killed. The King of Chu said, "Okay! I won't attack Song State anymore." " Mozi returned from Chu and passed through Song. It was raining. He went to Lumen to take shelter from the rain, but the people guarding Lumen did not accept him. Therefore, he said: "Those who use magical machines do not know their merits. ; But the person who keeps arguing in the open is known to everyone. " Lu Ban led the battle, and Mozi led the peace.

What did Mozi rely on to defeat Lu Ban?

First, "virtue"; second, "talk"; third, "Tao" "Skills". "Thickness in virtue, more than eloquence, and more than Taoism" are the three standards for Mohist sages proposed by Mozi (see "Mozi - Shangxian Part 1"). Mozi stopped Chu and attacked Song Dynasty. It has set an example for the Mohist sages, which is admirable. The southern field test briefly explained to netizens the three magic weapons of Mozi's victory over Lu Ban, so that everyone can understand the unique charm of the Mohist "sage atmosphere": (1) "Thick virtues": Spring and Autumn Period. During the Warring States period, the people were harmed by the war, so Mozi founded the Mohist school, which was founded on the principle of universal love rather than attack, and opposed big countries attacking small countries, and strong countries attacking weak countries. Mozi believed that universal love for the world was his virtue, and his consideration was the common people. How to "bring benefit to the world and eliminate harm to the world". It is said that kindness can breed courage and benevolence is invincible. Mozi really means that "even if thousands of people go, I will go alone." , to benefit the world." Due to the strong charisma of Mozi's personality, "Mozi's gate is full of warriors" who practice the benevolence and righteousness in their hearts. Pre-Qin Mohism is not only a school of thought, but also a volunteer group formed by grassroots people "Huainanzi-Tai Clan Training" records: "Mozi's 180 people can be made to go through fire and knife, and they will die without turning around." ”

2. “Debating is about talking”: Mozi attached great importance to the role of “talking and debating”. “Mozi-Xiaochui” pointed out: “A debater will distinguish between right and wrong, and judge and govern.” In the discipline of chaos, we should understand the similarities and differences, examine the principles of name and reality, determine the interests and harms, and resolve suspicions. ".

That is to say: the purpose of debate is to distinguish the difference between right and wrong, to examine the rules of governing chaos, to clarify the similarities and differences, to examine the truth in name and reality, to determine the pros and cons, and to resolve doubts. In order to achieve these goals, the commentator must "copy the way everything is and compare it with what a group of people say", explore the original appearance of all things, and analyze and compare various different opinions. The so-called "use names to express facts, use words to express meanings, and use words to tell stories." It means to use names to reflect things, use words to express thoughts, and use inferences to reveal reasons. The Mohists established the first relatively complete logic system in ancient China. The outstanding characteristics of "Moist dialectics" are: first, it attaches great importance to concepts and definitions and uses real names. Mozi's "Jingshang", "Jingshangshuo", "Jingxiashuo" and "Jingxiashuo" are almost all nouns, concepts and definitions; The second is to emphasize "knowing categories", that is, knowing the categories of things, summarizing according to categories, and deducing according to categories; the third is to focus on "knowing the reasons", knowing the basis and reasons, and believing that one of the rules of debate is that the reasonable should obey the unreasonable. When Mozi stopped Chu and attacked Song Dynasty, he first argued with Lu Ban and criticized Lu Ban for "killing many instead of killing few". Then he argued with the King of Chu and criticized the King of Chu for "suffering from theft disease", which made both Lu Ban and King Chu speechless. Word. In this process, Mozi first lured the snake out of its hole and asked the other party to identify concepts based on facts and classify and name "righteousness" and "theft disease". After the other party unconsciously classified and named it, Mozi used the method of analogy to deduce according to categories to make the other party realize his own absurdity. Right and wrong were as clear as black and white in the eyes of Mozi, a master of logic. How could Lu Ban and the King of Chu be able to argue with Mozi? Lu Ban and the King of Chu finally couldn't explain their reasons, and they didn't want to abide by the rules of the debate, so the King of Chu said: "Although what you said is very good! But Gongshu Pan has already built a ladder for me, and I must capture the Song Dynasty." . ”

3. “Extremely knowledgeable in Taoism”: It is said that a skilled person is bold. Mozi entered the country of tigers and wolves with only one person, which is not the courage of an ordinary man. The Mohist school led by Mozi was full of skilled craftsmen. Nowadays, there is a saying of "sticking to the rules", which actually indirectly praises the Mohists for being good at defending the city. Mozi himself was a top defense expert at that time. "Mozi" has fifteen volumes, of which volumes fourteen and fifteen fully introduce the equipment, tactics, and key points of defending the city. The city defense tactics in "Mozi" are extremely rich. The only eleven remaining articles cover almost all the city defense tactics in the cold weapon era. Mozi's Art of War has three characteristics: first, it specializes in the study of defense issues; second, in terms of defense strategy, it emphasizes the "invincible" strategy of a strong country and the theory of war preparedness of being prepared for danger in times of peace; third, in defense tactics, it focuses on cutting-edge technology and weapons inventions and applications. Not only that, among the Mohist school, there are those who study optics, mechanics, mathematics, and even cosmology and material theory. Mozi said: "Pingt means the same height." ("Mo Jing 1") Mozi said: "圜 means one middle and the same length." ("Mo Jing 1") Mozi gave the definition of force and said : "Strength is the reason why punishment (form) is exciting." ("Mo Jing 1"), Mohists are not only good at practice, but also good at discovery. The Mohist school in the Pre-Qin Dynasty could be described as a crouching tiger, hidden dragon. It had the most superb technical and theoretical experts at that time. They brought the "high-tech weapons" they invented, with universal love in their hearts and the art of war in their chests. They ran through wars without fear on their faces. As the so-called expert knows when he makes a move, Lu Ban and Mozi conducted a "sand table drill" in front of the King of Chu's palace. After nine rounds of competition, the public loser and Guizhou donkey were exhausted, and Mozi still had a clever trick to show off. Gongshu was not as good at playing games as others, so he grew up evil and wanted to kill Mozi. Who knew that Mozi had anticipated their move and was fully prepared. Disciple Qin Huali and other two hundred people have been arranged to wait for the Chu invading army in the capital of Song Dynasty, holding defensive equipment. Mozi said: "Even if you kill me, the defenders will not be able to kill them all." Gongshu Pan and the King of Chu were at a loss for words, their skills were not as good as others, and violent methods could not solve the problem, so they had to call it quits. When later generations praised Mozi's "speech" and "Taoism", they often ignored Mozi's powerful charisma in terms of "virtue". This is because people overlooked a detail. Gongshu Pan never admits defeat when it comes to technological inventions. Before that, Gongshu Pan had two public contests with Mozi, but neither of them was convinced.

But Mozi's "sage atmosphere" in "stopping Chu and attacking Song" can be said to be a wake-up call for Mr. Lu Ban, who awakened. Later, Gongshu Pan said to Mozi: "Before I saw you, I wanted to get the Song Dynasty. Since I met you, if you give me the Song Dynasty, if it is unjust, I will not accept it." Mozi said : "When I didn't see you, you wanted to get the Song Dynasty. Since I met you, if I gave you the Song Dynasty, if it was unjust, you would not accept it. This is me giving the Song Dynasty to you. You work hard Maintain your righteousness, and I will give you the world again." See "Mozi - Lu Wen") Gongshuzi whittled bamboo and wood to make a magpie, and it flew up and stayed there for three days. Gongshuzi thought he was clever. Zi Mozi said to Gongshu Zi: "The master is a magpie, not as good as a craftsman who is a chariot master. He can cut three inches of wood in a moment and let it weigh fifty stones. Therefore, what he does is good for others. What is called cleverness is not good for others." People call him clumsy. "-Excerpt from "Mo Zi Lu Wen" Mo Zi broke the ladder (the story comes from "Mo Zi Gong Shu") Gong Shu Zi said to Zi Mo Zi: "I want to conquer the Song Dynasty before I can see him. After I saw him, I would not be righteous if I gave him Song. "Zimozi said: "When Zhai had not seen me, I wanted to win Song. After Zhai saw me, I would not be righteous in giving him Song. , Zifu is the son of Song Dynasty. Ziwu is righteous, and Zhai will give him to the world." - Excerpted from "Mo Zi Lu Wen"