What are the rules and principles for correcting mistakes in English?

English is a West Germanic language, which was first used in England in the early Middle Ages, and became the most widely used language in the world because of its vast colonies. The following are the rules and principles of English error correction brought by Bian Xiao. I hope you like it!

Rules and principles of English error correction

Firstly, the universal formula is modified.

1. The errors of predicate verbs have been the focus and hot spot in the examinations over the years. Common verb error types are:

① Misuse the simple present tense and the simple past tense;

② The verb tenses before and after and are inconsistent;

③ Subject-predicate inconsistency;

④ Lack of verbs, especially be verbs;

⑤ Misuse of the third person singular form;

⑥ Misuse of active voice and passive voice.

2. Common mistakes in nouns:

Misuse of singular and plural nouns, countable nouns and uncountable nouns.

3. Fit error:

Conjunctions include relative pronouns, adverbs and coordinate conjunctions and/or buts.

As for conjunctions, we generally examine the relationship between clauses: who/who/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/where and so on.

4. Wrong article:

Misuse of a and an (according to the first phoneme of a word);

Misuse of a/an and the (fixed collocation, or general and specific; More articles or fewer articles)

5. Adjectives and adverbs are wrong:

Adjectives (be/am/is/are/was/was/become/go/sensory verbs smell/feel) are used after verbs;

Misuse of part of speech (adjectives modify nouns; Adverbs modify verbs and adjectives.

6. Pronoun error:

The nominative and accusative pronouns (I/I; He/he; She/she; We/they/they) are wrong;

The use of reflexive pronouns (myself/yourself/himself/himself/themselves/us) is wrong;

Wrong use of singular and plural pronouns;

Pronouns refer to errors;

More or less pronouns.

7. Common mistakes of non-predicate verbs:

When infinitives and gerunds are used as subjects and objects;

The infinitive or gerund of and connection are inconsistent (especially when the distance is far away);

Use gerund form as object after preposition;

Some verbs need gerund or infinitive.

8. Preposition error:

Misuse of prepositions in phrases;

The deviation of preposition meaning understanding;

Use prepositions more or less

Second, correct the mistakes in the passage and solve the formula

Verb form, noun number;

Pay attention to the shape and vice;

Fine distinction between non-predicate verbs;

Remember idioms;

Multivariate analysis of sentence components;

Pay attention to logical errors.

1. Verb form

It mainly includes two kinds of errors: tense and voice errors of verbs, and inconsistency between subject and predicate.

For example: myfavouritesportisfootball I am a member of our school football team. nowmipictureandprizeishangin the library。 (Yes)

The above two situations belong to temporal errors and subject-predicate inconsistency errors respectively. The key to find out this kind of mistakes is to establish a firm concept of tense, pay attention to the time when the content of the article occurs or exists, and keep the consistency of the concept of time.

2. Number of nouns

Refers to the incorrect use of the singular and plural forms of nouns. It is often manifested in writing plural nouns into singular ones.

For example:? sothatI ' llgetgoodmarksinallmy subject。 (theme)

3. Distinguish between form and pairing

That is to distinguish the function and specific usage of adjectives and adverbs in sentences. This is also a common test site for correcting mistakes in college entrance examination compositions.

I promise that we will have a good time together. (wonderful)

Unfortunately, there's there, there, there, there, there, there, there, there, people, in my family. (unfortunately)

It should be noted that adjectives are often used as definite, expressive and complementary, while adverbs can only be used as adverbials in sentences to modify verbs, adjectives, adverbs or whole sentences. Wonderful in the first case is used as an attribute to modify the time, and unfortunate in the second sentence is used as an adverbial to modify the whole sentence.

4. Fine distinction of non-predicate verbs

This is one of the most common forms of error. There are mainly word segmentation and gerund errors, including infinitive errors.

For example:

In my spare time, I am interested in football. (interested)

play footballontonylmakesgrowuptallandstrongbutalso？ (playing)

Myparentsloveme？ And willdoalltheycan∧makesure? (to)

In the above two and three cases, the gerund is the subject and the infinitive is the adverbial of purpose. Generally speaking, the present participle has the meaning of main dynamic and progressive aspect, the past participle has the meaning of passive and perfect aspect, and the infinitive has the meaning of future tense.

5. Remember idioms.

Mainly investigate the basic knowledge of habit collocation. This is also a common test site for college entrance examinations over the years. There are three main forms of mistakes: multiple words, fewer words and collocation errors.

For example: itwasverykindforthemetermetethrailwaystation and? (of)

We must keep a clear head, not ourselves. (of)

6. Multivariate analysis of sentence components

Different sentence components should use different parts of speech; Choose different words in different contexts. These are all waiting for us to make a detailed analysis of sentence structure and sentence components before we can find out the mistakes of improper words.

They know everything about China? (once)

Beijing is the capital of China. (which one)

In the first case, the predicate verb were is omitted, which is caused by cold habits; The second example is that the part of speech in the sentence does not match its composition, and where is an adverb and cannot be the subject.

7. attention should be paid to logical errors

Inconsistency or even contradiction with the upper and lower parts of the sentence is a logical error. For example, mistakes in appellation, name, place, time and orientation are often the objects of such mistakes.

For example, Mr. and Mrs. Smith make me feel at home. (theirs)

First, let me introduce myself. (remove more)

Noway of setting the matterexcept by selling the set. nosomeoneathomedsinstead. (everyone)

The subject in the first example above is Smiths, so the following his is illogical. In the second case, more means "again" here, and then it begins to tell others. How can you say "tell you something more"? The third case is about "we" selling the TV set in order to solve the dispute when watching TV; There is no TV at night, so as before, everyone is reading, so everyone should get used to it.

In addition to the above types of errors, the common forms of errors are: incorrect use of conjunctions but, and, or and so (which can be classified as logical errors), and incorrect use of articles.

For example:

Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme。 (and)

itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest。 (or)

We may be a family and live under the same roof. (middle)

Third, the reference principle of correcting mistakes in short passages.

1. The principle of change is to minimize;

2. Function words should be added or deleted;

3. Content words are based on the principle of changing the form of words;

4. Keep the original meaning of the sentence as the principle;

5. When checking the wrong item, if there is something that is really difficult to correct for a while, you can refer to whether the revised item basically conforms to the ratio of "1: 1: 8": that is, multi-word 1, missing word 1, and typo 8;

6. Check whether the corrected grammar items are repeated, because the correction of short articles often involves a wide range, and there is generally no phenomenon of repeatedly examining a grammar point;

7. Check whether the answer symbols are standardized and accurate, see if there are any missing symbols, and ignore the case and spelling of letters.