Methods of extracurricular reading of Chinese in primary schools

Chinese extracurricular reading refers to developing students' personality by paying attention to their own reading besides traditional Chinese classroom teaching. Here I bring you the methods of reading Chinese after class in primary schools for your reference.

1 extracurricular reading methods of primary school Chinese

First, create a good reading environment and atmosphere.

The reading environment in school is a language, and a good reading environment can stimulate the reading desire of teachers and students. We arranged the class into a small library, developed a "self-sufficient" supplementary book method, further standardized the construction of the book corner, and realized the resource sharing of students' extracurricular books.

We make full use of the walls of the classroom to display famous sayings, classic poems, and even "famous sayings and aphorisms" of excellent students themselves in reading, such as "knowledge is the ladder of human progress" and "reading is like writing". Every wall is full of culture and thick books. Our school has incorporated extracurricular reading into the curriculum, and there is a regular extracurricular reading class every Wednesday afternoon, which has become the main course of comprehensive activities.

Second, cultivate students' interest in reading and let them enjoy reading.

(1) Choose a story. Students like to listen to interesting stories. Teachers can choose stories that are educational, interesting and suitable for children's age and psychological characteristics to tell vividly. When students listen with relish, guide them to see for themselves.

(2) Set an example of reading. Example can make students have an upward psychology. Usually consciously introduce the stories of famous people who love reading, such as Mao Zedong, Lao She, Ye Shengtao and Bing Xin. In exercise training, praise students who like reading and writing and have made great progress in time, and ask them to talk about the gains of extracurricular reading in class to stimulate students' reading interest.

(3) Teaching interior design "reading angle". I often find some extra-curricular materials from the Internet and post them for students to read whenever they have time. At first, there were some celebrity stories, such as "The Story of Zhou Enlai" and "The Information of Ten Grand Marshal" and so on. At present, many extracurricular materials, such as classical poems, famous sayings, proverbs and biographies of famous writers, are posted on the "reading corner" to expand students' knowledge.

Third, teach students how to read and let them read.

(1) Guide students to make reading plans. What books to read, when to read, we should have long plans and short arrangements. To make a long-term plan is to have a long-term goal; The short-term arrangement is to adapt to the situation that may change at any time. With reading plan, reading efficiency can be greatly improved.

(2) Extraction and accumulation. Many students often pay too much attention to the stories in the book in the process of extracurricular reading, which has little effect on language accumulation. Therefore, when guiding students to read after class, we ask them to circle some wonderful words and sentences and complete the reading report.

The main characters in this book, words and good sentences I have learned, plot analysis, my favorite paragraphs and illustrations in the report make students unconsciously form a good habit of not writing or reading while accumulating.

(3) Reciting and thinking. Reciting can help students deepen their understanding of the text, improve their reading ability and exercise their memory; It can also help students learn how to make sentences with words, lay out articles, and cultivate and improve their writing ability. Mr. Ye Shengtao said: "When reciting, you not only have a rational understanding of the research, but also have a cordial experience. Unconsciously, the content and grammaticalization have become the readers' own business. This is the most precious realm.

To learn Chinese, you must reach this level, so that you can enjoy it for life. "Obviously, recitation is an important aspect of reading. Therefore, I ask students to memorize the extracted words and fragments, study them extensively and internalize them, and also ask students to write down their reading experience or random feelings after reading a book.

Fourth, cultivate good reading habits.

"Teaching is to stop teaching in the future." Chinese teaching in primary schools should be based on promoting students' development and laying the foundation for their lifelong study, life and work. Teachers should naturally strengthen students' independent reading awareness and cultivate their good reading habits. Specific practices are as follows:

(1) Teach students to make abstract cards. Ask the students to prepare the card box to avoid scattering. Each card should be left blank for supplementary information. Students should not only be taught to make abstract cards, but also be required to make them often. Bees will extract wonderful fragments, important materials and information at any time and in time to guide students to cherish in the ocean of knowledge.

(2) Create opportunities for oral exchange of information, further strengthen the guidance on how to choose and accumulate useful information, so that students can get more information in communication.

(3) "No pen and ink, no reading". Encourage students to read and write more. They can not only criticize and underline books, but also think while reading. After reading, they can express their experiences and opinions on the content of the article in the form of feedback, and urge them to write down their feelings in time to promote understanding and digestion and improve their expressive ability.

On the basis of students' earnest writing and reading experience, we should communicate regularly in Chinese class, evaluate and praise excellent readers, promote reading and improve students' writing ability. Schools or teachers should provide appropriate venues for students to show their reading experience and practice.

2 methods of extracurricular reading in primary school Chinese

First, focus on stimulating interest and promoting effective reading.

Modern psychological research shows that interest is the most direct, active and realistic factor affecting learning activities. Interest is the best teacher and the motivation for people to engage in any activity. Only by giving students the intrinsic motivation to read can they develop their minds, take the initiative to understand and learn, and gradually cultivate the persistence of reading and improve their interest in reading in the process of understanding and learning.

Especially for beginners, we should successfully stimulate their reading motivation. We often briefly introduce the contents of articles to be read to students in vivid language to stimulate their reading interest. We often use the wonderful, tense and touching plots in stories to create suspense, so as to arouse students' curiosity and stimulate their reading expectations.

1. Example can inspire students to have the same upward psychology. Usually, teachers can introduce some famous people who love reading at home and abroad, such as Gorky, the great leader Mao Zedong, Lao She, Ye Shengtao and Bing Xin. You can also set an example in the class to inspire students, so that students can gradually realize that only by reading more and being willing to read can they have higher reading ability, encourage students to love books, and learn endless language nutrition and spiritual food from books.

2. Appreciate the wonderful fragments extracted by the wonderful teacher from the article, and read them vividly to the students, or introduce the beginning and end of the article to stimulate students' interest in reading the article.

3. Activities stimulate interest and carry out activities related to extracurricular reading. In interesting and colorful activities, students experience the fun of reading after class. We can carry out reading-related collection activities in class, such as "writing a familiar place". Before class, let students read a lot of landscape prose, extract good words and sentences, try to figure out the author's layout method, help students reduce the pressure of composition, promote after class, complement each other and experience the joy of harvest.

You can also hold various theme competitions regularly, such as Story King Competition, Poetry King Competition, Handwritten Newspaper Competition, idioms solitaire Competition, etc., to stimulate students' enthusiasm for extracurricular reading.

4. The results stimulate primary school students' extracurricular reading. They are eager to gain, expecting the gain to be explicit, recognized and recognized by teachers, parents and classmates, and satisfying their sense of accomplishment. In practice, we use "extracurricular reading growth record bag" to record the results of students' extracurricular reading.

There are good words, sentences and chapters extracted by students, tapes for students to participate in story speech contests, and newspapers made by students themselves ... We regularly show our extracurricular reading achievements to students, which makes each student feel greatly satisfied psychologically, thus inspiring students to guide extracurricular reading and improve the efficiency of extracurricular reading.

Second, build a reading platform to give full play to reading efficiency.

Teachers should strive to build a platform for students' extracurricular reading, take advantage of various opportunities, strengthen the guidance of students' extracurricular reading, and organize students' extracurricular reading exchanges in a form that students like.

1. Create a class book corner In order to make up for the shortage of students' book sources, teachers can mobilize students to temporarily store their personal books in the class and organize students to manage their own borrowing. The book corner is located in the corner of the classroom, which is very convenient to borrow and return at any time after class. You can also use the "mobile book box" method, and the cadres of each class take turns to be responsible for the storage and borrowing of books.

In order to introduce books, students can also be organized to hold a book fair to show the introduced books, and at the same time, the materials of promotional books written by students can be displayed. Materials can include the summary of the book, the author's brief introduction, the background of the times, etc. , thus creating good reading conditions for students.

2. Ensure reading time. According to the needs of teaching, teachers recommend suitable reading materials or articles in time to realize the communication in and out of class. At the same time, reduce written exercises and increase reading assignments to provide space and time for students to read after class. In addition to allowing students to read aloud the texts taught or read extracurricular books and newspapers during "morning reading" or "self-study", one or two class hours can be set aside every week to ensure planned extracurricular reading and guidance.

3. Carry out reading activities Schools and classes often carry out related activities, such as organizing reading parties, book festivals and story meetings. It is necessary to create conditions for students to "read" extensively and "read" a lot.

4. Choosing reading materials scientifically Pupils are eager for knowledge, but lack the ability to distinguish right from wrong. Facing the vast mountain of books, teachers should carefully help students choose useful reading materials according to their reading ability, ideological status, age characteristics, hobbies and educational needs, so as to avoid their non-selectivity and discrimination in extracurricular reading.

The choice of extracurricular reading materials should be based on good ideological content, good language and writing, and suitable for teenagers to read. Resolutely put an end to some illegal publications and unhealthy books and periodicals circulating among students.

Third, strengthen reading guidance and pay attention to reading quality.

Although interest is the motivation for people to engage in any activity, students are only interested in extracurricular reading, and it is meaningless to rely solely on interest. Some students, with interest, skim the whole content with vivid plots; Others read good articles, but they don't know how to accumulate knowledge, absorb skills and apply them to writing. Obviously, this reading method has little effect.

Therefore, we should further guide them not only to love reading, but also to read better and more effectively. As a reading guide, we should introduce some effective reading methods to students.

1. Correctly handle the relationship between in-class and extracurricular reading.

There are two extreme phenomena in primary school students' reading: first, some students only pay attention to classroom learning, and do not read books or rarely read newspapers after class. Second, I am completely addicted to extracurricular books and don't pay attention to in-class learning. Both of these phenomena are unhealthy. As we all know, the classroom is the main position of learning Chinese, classroom reading is the basis of extracurricular reading, and extracurricular reading is the expansion of classroom reading. It is necessary to promote extracurricular activities in class and enrich extracurricular activities.

For example, learning two fables can guide students to read Chinese and foreign fables, learning Monkey King Thrice Defeats the Skeleton Demon can guide students to read the Journey to the West, and learning the Three Kingdoms can guide students to read the Romance of the Three Kingdoms ... This can handle the relationship between in-class and out-of-class reading and improve students' Chinese literacy.

2. Correctly handle the relationship between choice and encouragement.

Extracurricular reading has a wide range, various forms and different contents. Some bad books directly affect students' physical and mental health. Therefore, in the process of reading, constantly educate students to read selectively, not only to read more books, but more importantly to read good books.

3. Correctly handle the relationship between reading and learning.

The ancients said,' You are complacent with words, but you can't pass on books by ear.' Only using a certain amount of time for extracurricular reading can help to cultivate reading ability and reading habits, and enjoy endless fun and happiness while increasing knowledge and improving reading ability. Yu Dafu, a famous literary poet, spent more than five hours reading in the reading room every day when he was young, which played a positive role in his later literary creation.

4. Correctly handle the relationship between unity and flexibility.

Extracurricular reading is reading without the direct help of teachers, so our work focuses on guiding students' reading attitudes, methods and habits. Because students have different tastes and different self-study time, the guidance methods for students should be changed accordingly. We can take individual guidance, collective guidance, hold seminars and exchange our understanding, experience and comments on the contents of books.

3 methods of extracurricular reading of Chinese in primary schools

1 "source flowing water"-stimulate a strong desire for extracurricular reading

1. 1 meet the demand. Most children like to read exciting and interesting books, such as fairy tales, science fiction, fables, stories, etc., which are illustrated, easy to understand and short in length. From the perspective of gender, girls prefer to read fairy tales, folk stories and fairy tales, while boys like to read science fiction, biographies and historical stories.

In terms of age, the books that children are keen to read at different ages are different. Teachers can consciously guide students to read some favorite books according to their age and cognitive characteristics, and start with meeting their needs, thus stimulating a strong desire for extracurricular reading.

1.2 field experience. Teachers can consciously bring students into libraries, reading rooms and online classrooms, so that they can get in touch with the world of books, swim in cyberspace, appreciate the richness and wonder of books, learn endlessly and enjoy reading.

1.3 Set an example. For primary school students, role models have a supreme position in their young minds. According to this, teachers can tell students some typical stories of Chinese and foreign celebrities reading more and reading good books when they are young, so that students can fully realize that keeping a strong interest in reading benefits people a lot.

You can also randomly set up a model in class. For example, when students pop up some exquisite words or wonderful sentences, and when students tell some popular science knowledge that other children don't know well, teachers should seize the opportunity and give strong praise, so as to set a living example around students. Chinese teachers are the best role models for students and have a special position and role in children's hearts.

Therefore, I often tell students about my reading experience and experience to stimulate students' reading interest.

2 "Spring Breeze and Green Jiang Nanan"-Creating a Rich Extracurricular Reading Atmosphere

2. 1 appears. Teachers can read their favorite articles vividly, and it is estimated that children also like to comment in front of them with great interest, which makes them infected. Students can also read their favorite articles to everyone and talk about their feelings after reading and their own gains. Teachers give timely praise, encouragement and affirmation.

This can not only stimulate students' reading enthusiasm, they will actively circulate good articles to each other, but also encourage students to learn to think and give full play to their initiative in learning.

2.2 Multi-pronged approach. Teaching by example is more important than teaching by example. If teachers can set an example, spend more time after class and often read books with children, it is an education that silence speaks louder than sound for children. Teachers' enthusiasm, interest and happiness in reading strongly infect children. In this strong reading atmosphere, they realize the importance of teachers' reading and consciously carry out reading activities.

In order to let children gain unlimited knowledge in the limited reading space, each student can bring two or three in-depth reading books to school, and set up a "book supermarket" and a "small bookshelf" in the class. So students can choose and read freely. It is stipulated that books should be changed once a month to make the books owned by students circulate reasonably, and the book varieties of "book supermarket" and "small bookshelf" should be updated frequently to attract more readers.

You can also use the blackboard newspaper to open up columns such as "picking up shells from books" and "little wise stars" and take your children to the reading room to read more books on weekdays.

3 "Spring is full of flowers"-carry out rich extracurricular reading activities.

3. 1 Promote extracurricular activities through in-class activities. Grasp the roots in class, read a lot after class, and broaden and extend extracurricular reading materials in combination with the content of teaching materials. Teachers should take textbooks as the basis, take textbooks as the leader, and extend from point to surface after class to guide students to do a lot of extracurricular reading. Apply, consolidate and supplement knowledge.

3.2 Promote reading by speaking. Organize and carry out activities such as "story meeting", "poetry reading meeting", "talking about heaven and earth" and "information conference" regularly and irregularly, so that students can experience the fun of extracurricular reading in activities and competitions and get a successful experience, which naturally enhances students' reading desire and greatly stimulates their reading motivation.

3.3 writing to promote reading. While students gradually develop good extracurricular reading habits, they are encouraged to often write reading notes, record their reading experiences and make comments in the form of exhibitions. Pay equal attention to both "quantity" and "quality" when marking, and link the marking results with the students' Chinese scores as part of the final reading scores.

In this way, we can not only effectively check the reading situation, consolidate the reading results, but also stimulate reading interest, mobilize reading enthusiasm and promote extracurricular reading step by step.

4 "Children are scrambling to catch up with Huang Die" ―― Pursuing poetic extracurricular reading.

4. 1 free choice. Teachers should pay special attention to children's extracurricular reading, let students proceed from their hobbies, fully respect their learning interests and personality development, and give them some freedom.

Children enter the middle and high grades and their reading ability is enhanced. Teachers can first recommend some fairy tales, popular science books, biographies and historical stories suitable for them to read, and then let them freely choose what they like to read. Over time, students regard reading as a part of their life, and reading becomes a kind of spiritual enjoyment.

4.2 peace of mind. There is no standard reading posture, no prescribed reading time and no specific reading method, so that children can read actively in a relaxed state, start thinking, stimulate emotions, understand, experience, feel and gain something.

4.3 Self-transcendence. Teachers should also have the "dispersion" consciousness of prism, be good at discovering all kinds of colors and highlights hidden in children's reading, and give them full affirmation in time. At the same time, we should consciously create more situations and opportunities for them to develop their talents and express themselves, maximize their potential and make them more radiant.

4 methods of extracurricular reading of Chinese in primary schools

1. Set an example.

Confucius, a great educator, once said: "He is honest and has no orders to do things;" His body is not right, although he does not obey. " In order to make students devote themselves to extracurricular reading, teachers must set an example for students.

Teachers generally have no time to study with students after class, but they can choose some time to finish it in class. For example, you can read books with students, that is, you can read books quietly without disturbing each other. If students encounter problems, they can give guidance on the spot. If students read fluently, they should be instructed to record some key contents.

Only by subtly infecting students with their own reading conditions, frequency and habits, and driving students with the exemplary role of teachers, can students learn to read unconsciously and fall in love with extracurricular reading.

2. Reading notes.

Reading notes are mainly for students to accumulate. In reading notes, students should accumulate three contents: first, accumulate the main contents of the article, which mainly points to the understanding of reading materials, and students can remember the main contents of such articles; The second is to accumulate beautiful chapters and words.

Primary school students' Chinese literacy and reading ability are relatively weak, but we should not encourage them, but step by step, so that students can read better from the simplest content and accumulate to a certain extent, which is what we often say. The third is to write down your own experience. We often say, "A good brain is not as good as a bad pen." It's true, whether students or adults, if they read some articles without writing down their experiences, then these articles will be read in vain.

In fact, in order to better urge students to read, students can make reading cards according to the requirements of teachers, thus standardizing students' reading behavior. Let's take an example to see the production and application of reading cards.

With such a reading card, it is much more convenient for students to read and record purposefully, and they can try it properly in their usual teaching.

3. Reading guidance method.

There are rules to follow in learning content, so is reading comprehension of Chinese in primary schools. By the sixth grade, some argumentative papers have been gradually added to the extracurricular reading of Chinese in primary schools. Students find it difficult to understand such an article. Faced with this situation, we must teach students some methods. When guiding students to read argumentative essays, we should first find "reason" from the root.

Because the focus of argumentative reading is to explore the author's real intention through this superficial phenomenon, that is, what kind of thinking the author has caused from this content, we should find this "reason" in reading and then extend our understanding of it.

To find the "reason" of the article, we should also guide students to extend their thoughts from the text to real life, so as to actively think and summarize, deepen their understanding and sentiment of "reason", thus generating unique feelings and gaining ideological enlightenment, so as to grasp the author's real writing intention.

4. Reading activity method.

In order to improve pupils' interest in extracurricular reading and consolidate the achievements of extracurricular reading, teachers should hold some reading activities regularly. There are many such activities, such as reading speeches, recitation competitions, exchange of reading experience, blackboard newspaper display, reading competitions and so on. In class, I often use story method and reading contest, because these two methods are easy to control and students can finish them easily.

In such activities, students not only consolidate the achievements of extracurricular reading, but also broaden their horizons, which really kills two birds with one stone.