Poems praising the scenery of Zhuhai

Tribes missed by inking books.

The antithesis of metrical poems

The antithesis in poetry is called antithesis in rhetoric and antithesis in poetic meter. Antithesis is one of the important metrical poems, and a poem without antithesis cannot be called metrical poem.

Duality of similar words

According to the requirements of the antithesis of metrical poems, the vocabulary of ancient Chinese can be roughly divided into nine categories: ① nouns; 2 adjectives; ③ Numerals; 4 color words; ⑤ Orientation words; 6 verbs; ⑦ adverbs; 8 function words; Pet-name ruby pronoun

Four points should be paid special attention to in the above nine categories of words: (1) numerical words belong to their own category, and words such as "solitary" and "semi" are also counted as numerical words. (2) Color words are unique. (3) Location words belong to their own category, mainly including East, West, South and North. These three kinds of words are rarely compared with other words. (4) intransitive verbs are often opposed to adjectives.

Conjunctions can only be relative to conjunctions. Lian Mian Ci can be divided into nouns Lian Mian Ci (mandarin duck, parrot, etc. ); Adjective conjunctions (winding, majestic, etc. ); Verb conjunctions (hesitation, enthusiasm, etc. ) Associating words with different parts of speech cannot be relative.

Proper names can only be relative to proper names, preferably name-to-name and place-to-place names.

Second, the law of duality.

The routine of antithesis in metrical poems is that all couplets except the first pair and the second pair are required to be antithetical. There is no strict requirement for the first fight, but there is right and wrong. Generally, the first antithesis is more in the five laws and less in the seven laws.

Three-pair method

Confrontation should be both "correct in sound" and "correct in meaning". "Sound pair" is just plain. "Meaning" needs both part of speech and category. "Part-of-speech relativity" refers to noun to noun and non-noun to non-noun. "Category relative" refers to the relative words of the same category.

The main meaning is

1 working pair:

The antithesis of similar words is called a pair of workers. Nouns in ancient Chinese are divided into several subcategories, and words in the same subcategory are relatively workers' pairs, such as astronomy to astronomy and geography to geography. Some are not in the same small category, but they are often listed in language, such as heaven and earth, flowers and birds, poetry and wine.

2 pairs of adjacent lines:

Adjacency words are called adjacency pairs. It can be roughly divided into about 20 categories: seasonal and astronomical; Astronomical geography; Geography and palaces; Palaces and utensils; Utensils and clothing; Utensils and stationery; Clothing and diet; Stationery and literature; Plants, flowers, fruits, birds, animals, fish and insects; Institutions and personnel; Interpersonal relations and pronouns; Interrogative pronouns and words and adverbs such as "Zi" and "Xiang"; Orientation and quantity; Quantity and color; Names and place names; Synonyms and antonyms; Synonymy and continuity; Antisense and continuity; Adverbs, conjunctions and prepositions; Conjunctions and auxiliary words.

3 wide line pair:

We can't strictly distinguish the categories of words, but only form duality according to the requirements of the same part of speech.

Half-and-half is also a wide pair. For example, "Xiongnu" and "Jiang Wei" are relative nouns in "Xiongnu still exists and Jiang Wei is reinstated"; "You" and "Fu" are adverbs. But "not extinct" and "joining the army" are wrong. This couplet is half wrong and half wrong, which belongs to tolerance.

4 excuse me:

A word has two meanings. The poet uses the first meaning, but at the same time borrows its second meaning to fight against another word. This is called borrowing. For example, "My uncle was flooded with luggage, and Mao asked the old man". The word "Li" in "luggage" did not mean the word "Li" in "Tao Li", but the poet used the word "Li" and "Mao" in "Tao Li" as the antithesis.

Sometimes it's not borrowing meaning but borrowing sound. For example, "things go straight to the emperor, things happen later", and borrowing "emperor" means that "yellow" is relative to "white", which is also borrowing. The word "hundred" and the word "nine" are relative in numbers.

5 flowing water pair:

Couplets are generally two parallel sentences, each with its own independence. But there is also a kind of antithesis, that is, dividing a sentence into two sentences, each sentence has no independence, and the sentence and dialogue are combined to form a whole. This kind of confrontation is called running water confrontation. For example, "Golden Monkey makes a thousand moves, Yu Yucheng Wan Li." This is running water. Yes

6 votes against:

Words with opposite meanings are called antonyms. Such as "yes" and "no"; "More" and "Less". It's not so much opposition as right (meaning the same or similar).

7 a complicated pair:

Refers to a kind of duality in which the positions of two groups of words correspond. For example, "the firefly has left the weathered grassland, and there is a duck in the weeping poplar", "firefly" and "duck", "fire" and "dusk" are a kind of cross-confrontation. This situation is only used by accident.

8 faces:

Face to face is a word. That's right. For example, "① the ethereal Wushan girl returned in 278; (3) Yin Qin's water melody, and (4) staying in thirteen strings "is not a general antithesis between one sentence and two sentences, three sentences and four sentences, but one sentence and three sentences, two sentences and four sentences.

9 overlapping pairs:

Reduplicated words are used in a certain position of a sentence, and reduplicated words are also used in the response position of the sentence. For example, "trees are all autumn colors, mountains are only withered", "trees" and "mountains" are both.