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Chen Academy, commonly known as Chen Family Temple, was built in the 16th to 20th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1890- 1894). It was the family ancestral temple jointly built by the Chen clan in 72 counties of Guangdong Province at that time. 1988 the State Council announced Chen academy as the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units. 1959 was turned into Guangdong Folk Arts and Crafts Museum.

Chen Academy is a typical representative of Lingnan architectural art in past dynasties, including front yard, west yard, east yard and backyard, covering an area of 15000 square meters. Walking into the academy, strolling through the antique courtyard, passing through the straight and beautiful promenade and listening to the soft music of silk and bamboo, visitors are all amazed at the artistic creation of Lingnan people. Solemn and magnificent modeling, vivid and smooth lines, scattered and rigorous structure, elegant and wonderful combination, and rich decorative arts with Lingnan local characteristics give people unlimited reverie and beautiful enjoyment. As early as the twenties and thirties of this century, German, British and Japanese architectural monographs "World Architectural Art" and "South China Architecture" praised her as a model of architectural art in southern China. 1959, Guo Moruo wrote a poem praising her from the perspective of an archaeologist and a connoisseur of cultural relics: "Works can take the place of heaven, and man-made heaven is inferior to man, so it is better to study the world in ten years."

The building of Chen Academy is composed of 19 buildings, with three deep buildings and five deep buildings. The center of the building is Juxian Hall, the main hall of Admiralty, which is more than 20 meters high. According to the principle of formal beauty of ancient buildings in China, the whole building skillfully combines and arranges many buildings of different sizes in a flat square building space, which is rigorous and symmetrical, alternating with reality and reality, and has a rich sense of hierarchy. The promenade and Qingyun Lane make the whole building extend in all directions, and the courtyards and gardens are dotted among them, forming an independent and interrelated whole. What is particularly fascinating is that wood carving, stone carving, brick carving, pottery sculpture, gray sculpture, mural painting, copper and iron casting are widely used in the architectural decoration of Chen Academy. The carving technique is simple and extensive, finely crafted, echoing from top to bottom and bringing out the best in each other.

Brick carving/carving

Chen Shuyuan has a large number of brick carvings, large scale and fine workmanship, which represents the highest level of brick carvings in Guangdong in the Qing Dynasty. Guangdong brick carving is made of fine blue bricks, carved one by one according to the design requirements, then spliced part by part and embedded in the wall. Mainly used to decorate lintels, door stiles and eaves. Brick carving is an ancient and elegant wall decoration art, and the well-preserved brick carving of Chen Academy can best reflect the style and characteristics of "hanging line brick carving" in Guangdong. Its plane is mostly treated with various lines, which are dense and thick, slender and even, hanging like lines and beautifully carved, so it is called "hanging line brick carving".

stone carving

The stone carvings of Chen Shuyuan are mainly granite, which are mostly used as load-bearing and wind and rain-eroded components of buildings. The stone sculptures of Chen Academy are complex and beautifully shaped. It combines the techniques of circular carving, relief, carving and intaglio. After careful hammering and carving by artists, the heavy stone load-bearing objects become light and elegant, showing the exquisite and delicate style of southern stone carving.

woodcarving

Inside the building of Chen Academy, almost all the components are decorated with wood carvings, which are deep in color and beautifully carved. These woodcarvings are made of huge and high-quality materials. The sculptors are exquisite, all-inclusive and rich in patterns. Among them, 16 double-sided carved screen door with the theme of historical stories is known as "the historical story corridor carved by folk artists with wood and steel knives".

pottery figure

The eleven ceramic ridges of Chen Academy are the largest and most magnificent traditional architectural decoration in Qing Dynasty in Guangdong. It is made by famous shops such as Shiwan Wenrubi and Baoyurong. According to people's needs of looking up, modelling technique is used as the ridge ornament, which exaggerates and strives for great effect. Molded with clay, glazed and fired at high temperature, and then moved to the roof for installation. Most of the content is based on traditional Cantonese opera scenes, with auspicious patterns on both sides, symmetrical and harmonious composition and noble and elegant colors.

Grey plastic

Gray plastic is a unique outdoor decorative art in Guangdong traditional architecture. It uses lime as the main raw material, mixed with straw or papyrus, and made into grass root ash and paper root ash after repeated tempering. On the construction site, the tile cylinder and copper wire are used as supports for molding, and then dried and coated with mineral pigments. Chen Academy's grey plastic modeling is exaggerated and interesting, with bright red and green colors, full of folk festive and lively atmosphere.

iron casting

In the traditional buildings of the Qing Dynasty, iron casting was rarely used as courtyard decoration, while the iron pillars of the corridor and the sixteen iron-cast double-sided flower railings on the platform of Chen Academy were masterpieces of the decorative art of ancient courtyard buildings in China. Double-sided perforated iron railings are embedded in granite carved railings. Using the bright color contrast between iron and stone and the three-dimensional modeling of cast iron, the stone and iron are skillfully combined to produce a picture-like artistic effect, which makes the platform look more elegant and generous.

Color painting

The painting art of Chen Academy is mainly embodied in the murals of the door gods and the east and west wings. Painted two gatekeepers, each 4 meters high. The artist used meticulous and colorful skills to highlight the majestic spirit of the gatekeeper general with gorgeous and harmonious colors. There is a mural in the east and west wing, with literati as the theme, which just matches the function of the wing as a reading place for Chen's children. Auspicious ruyi pattern

The architectural decoration theme of Chen Academy uses metaphor, homophonic metonymy, synaesthesia association and other techniques to skillfully combine symbols or objects with certain symbolic significance in different time and space in a painting to express some thoughts and reflect people's ideals and yearning for a happy and beautiful life. These auspicious patterns and decorations combine the painstaking efforts and wisdom of skilled craftsmen from all over Lingnan, and also vividly show the traditional consciousness and value orientation of feudal society.