Beautiful Jinci Articles

1. Briefly introduce the author.

Liang Heng (1946——), a native of Huoxian County, Shanxi Province. Graduated from Renmin University of China in 1968. I have been working as a reporter at the grassroots level for a long time. He is currently the deputy director of the Press and Publication Administration, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese Writers Association, and an executive director of the All-China Journalists Association. Mainly engaged in prose creation and prose theoretical research. His works have won the Youth Literature Award, the Zhao Shuli Literature Award, and the National Award for Outstanding Popular Science Works; in 1996, the essay "Suddenly Listening to "Walking to the West Exit" Again" published in "Foshan Literature and Art" won the "Beautiful Essays", "Literary Freedom Talk", "Foshan The "Heart for China" essay competition jointly organized by "Art" Three prose pieces, "Jin Ci", "Looking for a crossing, looking for a crossing, where to cross" and "Xia Gan" were selected as middle school textbooks. His major works include "News Trilogy" (3 volumes), "Popular Romance of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry" (2 volumes), essay collections "Famous Mountains and Great Rivers", and "Heroes and Heroes".

2. Processing words:

Xuanxie xiè chapped cūn Qiuzhi qiú dazzling cuǐ càn

bearded rán old woman yù yinhu yìn yingshenglou yíng

2. Analyze the text

(1) Read the text aloud and grasp the content and context of the article as a whole

Find three students to read the text together with the teacher, and the other students Underline the central sentence of each paragraph while listening.

1. What is the purpose of this article?

(Jin Temple.)

2. What are the overall characteristics of Jin Temple?

(Long historical cultural relics and beautiful natural scenery are integrated into one.)

3. What paragraphs reflect this feature? (Summary in the form of blackboard writing)

(2-5) Beautiful natural scenery

(6-11) Long historical cultural relics

( 2) Study Sections 2-5

1. Where is the beautiful natural scenery of Jinci mainly reflected?

(The beauty of Jinci lies in the mountains, trees and water.)

2. Where is the beauty of the mountains in Jinci? Here the author uses some rhetorical techniques to analyze the characteristics of the beauty of Jinci Mountain. Please find them out and explain their effects.

(The characteristics of mountains are towering, long, and pleasant in all seasons. Metaphors and personifications vividly illustrate the characteristics of mountains.)

3. Read the fourth paragraph intensively and discuss The following questions:

A. What characteristics of the Jinci tree does this passage explain? In what order are they explained?

(It is ancient and vigorous, with a unique shape. It will be explained in detail first, and then summarized. The last sentence of the paragraph always describes the feeling of Jinci Temple under the shade of ancient trees.)

B. Article What words and aspects should be used to describe the characteristics of "Zhou Bai"?

(Words such as "straight", "wrinkled", "sparse branches", "lying", "coiled", "soft", "like a cover", "qiu" and "thick", come from the trunk, bark, Explain the top, branches and posture of the tree.)

C. What kind of tree is used as an example to describe the strange shape of a tree? (Left-twisted cypress.)

D. What characteristics of the "left-twisted cypress" are explained in the article using two metaphorical sentences?

(The article uses two metaphorical sentences to illustrate the tall and tall image of the "Zuo-twisted cypress" and the characteristics of the left-twisted cypress.)

E. In the article, "a wave swirling underground Can "smoke" be changed to "a puff of smoke rising from the ground"?

(In the first metaphorical sentence, "whirl" cannot be changed to "take". Because "take" means this "smoke" "Smoke" means "small", while "Xuan" means thick, compact, and turns in one direction, highlighting its tall and left-handed characteristics.)

F. What two words echo the word "Xuan"? A word?

(The word "Xuan" echoes the words "twist" and "rope", which is vivid and expressive.)

4. Read the fifth paragraph carefully and discuss the following questions: < /p>

A. What are the characteristics of "water" in Jinci mentioned in this text? Which feature is written in the most detail, and which feature is hardly written out specifically, but can be understood from the introduction of other features?

(It’s so quiet and soft.)

B. What sentences are used in this paragraph, and from what aspects do they explain the characteristics of "plentiful" water in Jinci?

(Walking in the garden, I saw a deep pool here and a stream there. There were thin streams between the rocks... sparkling blue waves in the forest... all this water came from the "Hard-aged Spring".

)

There is also a touching legend about the origin of Nanlao Spring:

It is said that in Jinsheng Village, twenty miles north of Jinci Temple, there was a girl named Liu who married Visit Gutang Village where Jinci Temple is located. Her mother-in-law abused her and never allowed her to return to her parents' home, forcing her to carry water every day. The water source is far from home and can only be carried once a day. My mother-in-law also had a bad temper. She only drank water from the bucket in front of her, deliberately making it more difficult to carry the water. She was not allowed to change shoulders and tortured her. One day, Mrs. Liu was halfway carrying water when she met an old man leading a horse and wanted to use the water she carried to drink the horse. The old man's face was dusty and he seemed to have come from a long way away, so Liu agreed without hesitation and handed the last bucket of water to the horse. But the horse seemed to be very thirsty. After drinking the last bucket of water, he also drank the previous bucket of water. This made Mrs. Liu very embarrassed: Let's carry it again, as it will get late and it will be too late to go back and forth; if we don't carry it, we will carry the empty bucket home, and we will be scolded and whipped by her mother-in-law. When he was hesitating, the old man gave Mrs. Liu a riding crop and asked her to take it home. As long as she whipped the riding whip in the urn, the water would naturally gush out and fill the urn.

In a blink of an eye, the old man and the horse were gone.

Liu went home worriedly and tried the method, and it worked. She will never worry again. The mother-in-law saw that Mrs. Liu had not carried water for a long time, but the urn was always full, which was strange. I asked my sister-in-law to take a look and discovered the secret of whipping. Another day, her mother-in-law allowed Mrs. Liu to return to her parents' home for the first time. My sister-in-law whipped the urn with a whip, and the water spurted out and overflowed. My sister-in-law panicked and immediately ran to Jinsheng Village to find Mrs. Liu. Mrs. Liu was combing her hair. Before she finished, she hurriedly bit a lock of hair into her mouth and ran back to Gutang Village. Without saying anything, she immediately sat down on the urn. From then on, water flowed out from under Liu's body continuously for thousands of years. This was the "Spring of Hard Age".

C. When writing the two characteristics of "many" and "soft", what rhetorical techniques are used in each?

D. What is the function of quoting Li Bai’s poems? (Explains the stillness of the water.)

E. Why is it said that "these hundreds of buildings are probably floating on the water"? (It means there is a lot of water.)

F. In what order should this text be explained? How do you understand the last "general"?

(The author uses rhetorical techniques and beautiful sentence expressions to explain the characteristics of Jinci Water. However, the most beautiful thing is the ancient culture left to us by our ancestors.)

(3) Study Sections 6-11

1. The natural scenery of Jinci is very beautiful, but the most beautiful thing is the ancient culture left to us by our ancestors. The "Three Wonders" of ancient Chinese architecture are preserved here. Let's first take a look at the first of the three wonders - the Notre Dame Temple.

Read the seventh paragraph intensively and discuss the following questions:

A. From what aspects does this paragraph introduce the Notre Dame Temple?

(The building is of early age, large scale, unique structure, majestic and ingenious.)

B. From these five aspects, we can see in what order the author introduces From the Notre Dame Temple?

C. Which sentence in this paragraph specifically expresses that the Notre Dame Temple and the 42 clay sculptures of maids are treasures among the existing clay sculptures in my country?

(The last sentence of Section 7.)

D. Supplement: The painted sculptures in the Notre Dame Hall of Jinci are a true portrayal of the court life in the Song Dynasty of my country. They each have their own specialties, and their identities and personalities are all the same. Their gestures, gestures, and gestures show the world's human feelings in every detail. In terms of artistic style, this group of maid portraits, which is rare in China, has got rid of the shackles of religion and gods since the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and goes deep into the spiritual world and character portrayal of people. The ideological connotation it expresses is definitely not the intention of the owner of the building. , and it is precisely the profound conception of the sculptor. From it, we see the real people with flesh and blood, joy, anger, sorrow and joy in the society of the Northern Song Dynasty, and understand the society between them and the resulting complex mentality and profound personality.

The era in which the maids lived is already far away from us, but art has truly and forever reproduced them to future generations. Tell us that 1,000 years ago, some people lived like this. Immortal art creates immortal images, and immortal images allow us to fully feel the magic of art. This is the insight and inspiration that the Song Dynasty sculptures in Jinci Temple bring to us.

2. What are the characteristics of the wooden carved dragon on the pillar in front of the palace? (Vivid and exquisite.)

3. Read the ninth paragraph intensively and discuss:

A. What does "Fei Liang" mean? Which sentence can explain it? (Cross-shaped bridge.

)

B. What is the peculiarity of Uonuma Feiliang? (On the pedestrian bridge, you can go left and right at will.)

(Additional: The fish marsh flying beam is between the Notre Dame Hall and the Xian Hall. The ancients regarded the round one as a pool and the square one as a swamp. There are many fish in the swamp. Therefore, it is called "fish marsh"; a cross-shaped bridge is erected on it, "the bridge is empty, as if it is flying." Therefore, it is called "flying beam")

As for flying beams, it was still used in ancient times. There is an interesting story. When Horiyama Tofukuji Temple was first built, everything was fine there except for water. The mountain monk had no choice but to seek help from Manjushri Bodhisattva in Mount Wutai. Manjushri Bodhisattva thought of his sincerity and gave him a brocade box. He repeatedly warned that he could not open it until he reached Mount Jue. The mountain monk had a hard journey until he reached Shanglan Village. He couldn't bear his temper and secretly opened a small crack to see what was inside. Suddenly two small dragons flew into the air and one of them landed on the spot where Dr. Dou of Shanglan Village died. Uonuma. In the end, we still suffered from the hardship of Huishan because there was no water. The mountain monk was so angry that he threw the brocade box at the construction site. It was not bad. However, the brocade box fell into a crevice in the rocks and turned into a shallow well. To this day, the mountain monk and abbot use this shallow pond as domestic water.

4. What are the characteristics of other buildings?

(Simple and beautiful, exquisite workmanship.)

5. What are the characteristics of Yuanzhong sketches? What explanation method was used in the explanation, and what is its effect?

(Very ingenious. Give examples.)

3. Summary

1. Think about the writing order of this article.

(The logical sequence of total-point-total. The introduction of natural scenery is from top to bottom, from outside to inside; the introduction of historical relics is from primary to secondary, from point to surface. .)

2. Discuss the writing characteristics of this article.

(The combination of explanation and description, lively and interesting, is a literary expository essay. In expository essays, due to the difference in description objects and contents, it can be divided into expository essays about things and explanatory essays about affairs. If you look at the writing method and expression Distinguished in terms of form, expository texts can be divided into two basic styles: one is plain expository texts, including introductory expository texts that explain the content, history, and situation of things, explanatory expository texts that explain the existence and development of things, and briefly describe things and events. Narrative expository essays on the development process, etc., and the other is literary expository essays, that is, explanatory articles written using figurative literary techniques, including knowledge pieces, popular science readings, commentary on historical sites, etc. "Jinci" is an article based on this. Literary expository text in which physical things are the object of explanation.)

3. Summary:

“Architecture is the monument of the times” is a famous saying of Gogol. Because architecture occupies an important position in human society, is closely related to people's lives, has rich images, and can become traces of history across several eras, and these traces are what today we have a deep understanding of the laws of history and social development. A clue. "When singing and music are silent, the architecture is still speaking."

Today, we have appreciated the long history and beautiful natural scenery of Jinci. You can't help but admire the unique ingenuity of the ancients. Only the simple landscapes, flowers, trees, pavilions and pavilions are really not very dynamic, while all the poetic and artistic expressions require the re-creation of the aesthetic psychology of the viewer. Fully mobilizing all natural and artificial conditions to create a rich, flowing picture of moving scenery with both rational analysis and romantic imagination. The blending of scenes is the real beauty of Jinci.

Teaching objectives: 1. Through learning, students can appreciate the environment and the beauty of Jinci Temple.

2. Students can understand the origin and profound cultural and historical heritage of Jinci.

3. Preliminarily grasp the writing characteristics of explanatory essays: scientific, interesting, and popular.

Key points and difficulties: Analyze the "Three Beauties" and "Three Wonders" of the main part of the text

Understand the origin and profound cultural and historical heritage of Jinci Temple

Teaching ideas :

The teacher, as a tour guide, leads students on a virtual tour, combining texts, pictures, and videos, and leads students to visit Jinci, a famous scenic spot in Shanxi, by interpreting texts and combining images and video materials. , so that students can have an immersive feeling, feel the beauty of Jinci and its profound historical and cultural heritage, and then develop a love for historical monuments.

Teaching steps:

1. Introduction:

The vast land of China has given birth to five thousand years of Chinese civilization. The Qin-Jin Plateau in the Hetao region of the Yellow River is the The birthplace of Chinese civilization has witnessed many vicissitudes of history, but what remains unchanged are the rich historical relics left by our ancestors, which provide a rich historical legacy to our descendants. Today, let us travel through the tunnel of history, look for the traces of our ancestors, and listen to their stories -

Students list what you know about Chinese civilization and historical monuments

Qin Shihuang’s Terracotta Warriors and Horses, Wanli The Great Wall, the Forbidden City, the Ksitigarbha Palace of Famen Temple in Shaanxi...

For five thousand years, the vastness of our country, one historical site after another, interprets one legendary story after another, showing that China The fruit of the ingenuity and labor of the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation.

Today, the teacher acted as a tour guide and led everyone to Taiyuan, Shanxi, to visit a scenic spot - Jinci Temple, and to appreciate the beauty of the ancient Jinci Temple.

2. Present the teaching objectives

Are you ready? Then follow me——

3. Study the text:

1. The teacher will tell you a story first - "Cut Tong and Become a Younger Brother" "Historical Records of the Jin Family" Chapter 9

Jin Temple, originally named Tang Shu Yu Temple, was built to commemorate Tang Shu Yu, the founding prince of the Jin Kingdom. Its history can be traced back to the Western Zhou Dynasty in the 11th century BC. Jifa, the king of Zhou Wu, died of illness seven years after he destroyed Yin (1046 BC - 1042 BC). His eldest son Ji Song succeeded to the throne as King Cheng. Because King Cheng was young, his uncle Ji Dan assumed the duties of the emperor on his behalf, which was known as the "Regent of Zhou Gong" in history.

During the "Regency of Zhou Gong", the land enfeoffment system was implemented, and the children of the Zhou family and the heroes of the clan were granted a certain amount of land to become princes according to military and political needs. Sima Qian, a historian of the Han Dynasty, in his "Historical Records: Jin Family", used a story about "cutting a tung tree to confer a younger brother" to record in detail the fact that Ji Yu, the younger brother of King Zhou Cheng, was granted the title of prince of the Tang Dynasty.

When King Cheng first came to the throne, the Wu Geng rebellion broke out in the Tang State, a subordinate vassal state. Duke Zhou personally led troops to the Tang State to quell the rebellion. One day after that, King Cheng and his younger brother Yu were playing games in the yard. King Cheng picked up a sycamore leaf from the ground, cut it into the shape of a jade guide, and said to Yu: I will give you this jade guide and make you a prince of the Tang Dynasty. Let's do it!" Shi Yi, who was standing aside, heard this and asked King Cheng to choose a good and auspicious day to hold the enfeoffment ceremony. King Cheng said, "I am playing a game with Yu!" But Shi Yi said, "The emperor has no joke. Since he said it, We should record him in history books, celebrate him with music and dance, and fulfill him with grand ceremonies. " So King Cheng made his uncle Yu a vassal in the Tang Kingdom. After Yu came to the Tang Kingdom, he worked hard to govern. He used Jinshui to build farmland water conservancy and vigorously developed agriculture, so that the people of the Tang Kingdom lived and worked in peace and contentment. This caused the next seven hundred years. , the weather was smooth, the country was peaceful and the people were peaceful, and there was a prosperous scene. In order to commemorate Yu, descendants chose this place with beautiful mountains and clear waters to build an ancestral hall to worship him. It was named Tang Shu Yu Temple because there was Jinshui flowing in it. Yu's son Xie changed the country's name from "Tang" to "Jin", and the ancestral hall was renamed "Jinwang Temple", referred to as "Jin Temple"

2. The story of "Jian Tong's brother" tells the story of Jin Temple. Next, we will study the article "Jin Temple" written by Shanxi writer Liang Heng. Teachers and students read the text aloud.

3. Students understand the content of the text as a whole and grasp the context of the article.