Let’s talk about what the southeast, northwest and northwest of our country are like in winter.

Most coastal areas in my country have southeasterly winds in summer and northwesterly winds in winter. This prevailing wind direction that changes with the seasons is called monsoon. With this change in the prevailing wind direction, it brings significantly different weather and climate. When the winter monsoon prevails, the air flows from the northwest continent. The air at this time is cold and dry with little precipitation; when the summer monsoon prevails, the air flows from the northwest continent. , airflow flows from the southeastern ocean. At this time, the air is warm and humid, and precipitation increases. The most obvious monsoon phenomenon in the world is in eastern and southern Asia, so the southeastern region of my country has become a powerful monsoon area. The wind directions here in winter and summer are almost opposite. For example, the northerly wind (including northwest wind, northerly wind and northeasterly wind) in Shanghai in January was 62%. That is to say, out of 100 wind direction observations, 62 were northerly and 7 The monthly southerly wind rate is 57%; the northerly wind rate in Guangzhou is 55% in January, and the southerly wind rate in July is 52%. The winter and summer monsoons cause different weather and climate characteristics. The most important and obvious ones are dry winters and rainy summers. Why is the monsoon particularly pronounced in the southeastern region of my country? This starts with the reasons for the formation of monsoons. We know that the temperatures of sea and land are different in winter and summer. The sea is warmer than the land in winter and the sea is colder than the land in summer. The temperature is different, and the air pressure is also different. In winter, the temperature is lower on the continent and the air pressure is higher, while the temperature is higher and the air pressure is lower on the ocean. On the contrary, in summer, the temperature is lower and the air pressure is higher on the ocean, and the temperature is higher and the air pressure is lower on the continent. Since there is a difference in air pressure between the sea and the land, air must flow from places with high pressure to places with low pressure, thus forming different wind directions between the sea and the land in winter and summer, from land to sea in winter and from sea to land in summer. The greater the temperature difference between the sea and the land, the greater the air pressure difference, and the stronger the monsoon will be. In some places around the world, the monsoon phenomenon is not significant. This is because the differences in temperature and pressure between the sea and the land in these places are not large, and are covered by the original winds. The reason why the monsoon in southeastern Asia is strong is related to its geographical location and land and sea conditions. Asia is a landmass connected to Europe, and it is almost connected to Africa. Only the Red Sea separates us. To the east and south of this huge land is a vast ocean, and the temperature and pressure differences between the sea and the land are very large. There is strong high pressure on the continent in winter, and it is controlled by strong low pressure in summer. These high pressure centers and low pressure centers are generated in places where the temperature difference between sea and land is greatest. Southeast Asia is located in the zone between these high and low pressures, where winter and summer monsoons are particularly prevalent.